Volume 104, Issue 10, October 2019

The only evidence-based indication for testosterone for women is for HSDD. There are insufficient data for using testosterone for any other symptom/condition or for disease prevention.

The clinical course and tumor pathology results of an infant with prenatally diagnosed X-LAG are described and compared with his affected mother. The significance of their findings is discussed.

We report a patient with a de novo germline heterozygous USP8 gene mutation who presented with recurrent CD and other clinical features. Her presentation may characterize a new genetic syndrome.

This study is about sex difference in the association of ferritin with T2D risk. Our findings suggest that circulating ferritin levels may serve as a predictor of T2D risk in a sex-specific manner.

Assessment of HV and psychopathology in patients with CS revealed no reduction of HV, but cognition, depressive symptoms, and quality of life were substantially affected.

Sleep is essential for healthy living. Establishing the effect of abnormal sleep on andrological issues will promote prioritization of sleep, and may thereby improve overall long-term health outcomes.

This article explores how pubertal timing affects adult outcomes by reviewing findings from Mendelian randomization studies and studies of sex-steroid treatment of adolescent hypogonadal conditions.

The endocannabinoid system participates in bone growth and remodeling. Increasing use of medical cannabis makes the role of the endocannabinoid system in bone biology clinically important.

Overweight and obesity are often encountered in fracture cases. The presumed protective effect of overweight and obesity on bone fragility should be reconsidered.

This mini-review offers a comprehensive description of the current pathophysiology, immunology, and clinical spectrum of the complex autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome, as well as a synopsis of recent and novel reports.

To prevent premature cardiovascular disease and promote life-long heart-healthy living in children and adolescents, additional training is needed for pediatric endocrinologists.

Hemodynamic and systemic vascular effects of dapagliflozin undergo epigenetic regulation that favorably affects two miRs involved in heart failure.

The present observational study of 263 patients with MEN2 revealed no differences in clinical outcomes between the MOD and H groups. However, the outcomes in the HST group were worse.

Of 33 children with severe FSS, the genetic etiology was elucidated in 17. Half of the causative variants affect the growth plate. Growth plate disorders are a prevalent cause of FSS.

An association was observed between enterovirus (EV) and inflammation of exocrine pancreas and islets in FT1DM. EV-induced inflammation elicited the CXCL10–CXCR3 axis, leading to exocrine/islet cell death.

Among 1857 pregnant US women, we found higher copper and lower molybdenum could potentially increase the risk of glucose dysregulation, with those at higher risk of GDM affected to a greater extent.

This study uses pharmacologic probes to demonstrate that endogenous GnRH-induced LH pulses can be generated in the absence of neurokinin B and dynorphin activity in humans and mice.

We propose using the combined evaluation of maximum serum total and salivary cortisol responses after low-dose ACTH to test for central adrenal insufficiency in pediatric patients.

Our data suggest that the multistep biochemical testing for diagnosis of subclinical Cushing syndrome could be simplified by a single test of plasma levels of multiple steroids.

A subpopulation of persons with NGT who have 2-hour PPG ranging from 6.67 to 7.8 mmol/L has a high future risk of diabetes. Delayed GSPS, but not delayed GSIS, may serve as an early marker of β-cell impairment before prediabetes.

This study provides normative sensor glucose data in a healthy, nondiabetic population of children and adults.

Clinical health outcomes in males with 45,X/46,XY mosaicism vary depending on reason for diagnosis. However, pre-neoplasia and ongoing spermatogenesis are both relatively common in all patients.

Apparently nonfunctioning adrenal tumors in patients with nonlateralized hyperaldosteronism exhibit latent autonomous cortisol secretion leading to high prevalences of diabetes and proteinuria.

Study assessed sex differences in effects of obesity on reproductive hormones in early puberty and found that obesity has differential effects on reproductive hormones in girls and boys.

Children with type 1 diabetes were randomized to a placebo or prebiotic group. The prebiotic group showed significantly higher C-peptide and increased relative abundance of Bifidobacterium.

In postmenopausal women, the degree of unsuppressed glucocorticoid secretion and peripheral activation and sensitivity is associated with the presence of hypertension.

In this population study, galectin-3 was associated with prevalent and incident diabetes independent of traditional risk factors.

Cord blood metabolites are associated with newborn size and C-peptide.

After parathyroid surgery for PHPT, nearly one-third continue to have elevated PTH, despite normalized calcium. The long-term benefit of surgery in this population is unknown.

The concept of energy turnover was used to show that a physical activity level of 1.76 is required for prevention of weight gain under the condition of an energy-dense Western diet.

In this study, adolescent fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in the high-normal range was associated with poorer brain structure and function in midlife, irrespective of midlife FPG values.

Among the premenopausal women in this study, trabecular bone was less plate-like in those with AN trabecular plates did not adapt to high weight in those with OB.

This longitudinal study in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes found that deficits in bone density were present at diagnosis and that poor glycemic control was associated with lower bone accrual.

Young age at initial islet autoantibody seroconversion in childhood associates with a high risk of further progression to T1D in IAA-initiated autoimmunity but not in GADA-initiated autoimmunity.

We accessed the relationship between urinary TCS concentration and BMD and osteoporosis in US adult women. We found a negative association with BMD and a positive link with osteoporosis.

In human white adipose tissue, IL-10 is secreted by proinflammatory macrophages and correlates with adverse metabolic phenotype but unlike in rodents, it has no effect on adipocyte function.

The addition of two cortisol draws at 15 and 60 minutes to the traditional 30-minute test decreases the false positive rate of the pediatric low-dose ACTH stimulation test.

As the fasting glucose level elevated, the incidence of pancreatic cancer significantly increased, not only in diabetic populations but also in those with prediabetes or normal glucose levels.

The use of statins for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease can impair gonadal steroidogenesis.

HT exosomes, which carry HSP60, TPO, and MHC-II, are believed to activate DCs via the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB and TLR3/TRIF/NF-κB pathways, causing an imbalance in the differentiation of CD4+ T lymphocytes.

Most ATDs, but not RIMA, were associated with significantly reduced mortality among a population with comorbid DM and depression.

AR expression and function can be reduced in the genital target tissue of patients with 45,X/46,XY mosaicism, and AR function will correlate with the patients’ external virilization.

A 6-month, exercise training program significantly mitigated RYGB-induced bone mass loss at femoral neck, total hip and distal radius, and attenuated bone turnover markers and sclerostin levels.

The glycosylation of TSH in young children was determined. In infants, TSH displayed a low degree of sialylation combined with high degree of sulfonation and low of N-glycosylation.

The impact of KCNJ5 somatic mutations on hypertension remission after adrenalectomy brings new insight into the postoperative follow-up of patients with PA.

Systemic mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 inhibition decreases plasma aldosterone levels in mice and in a subset of patients with primary aldosteronism.

Advanced endometriosis is associated with disturbed compartmentalization of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+Treg cells in the peritoneal fluid, but this alteration was not observed in women with early endometriosis.

Two large noninterventional studies (ANSWER and NordiNet IOS) examined real-world use of GH across six indications in children. Prescribing differences were found between the United States and Europe.

The association of adverse lipoprotein profiles with preeclampsia in women with type 1 diabetes may depend entirely on those with the haptoglobin 2-2 phenotype.

Regulation of LHR mRNA expression in human granulosa-lutein cells is linked to ovarian sterol metabolism through a mechanism that involves SREBP serving as a cholesterol sensor.

High Lp(a) levels lead to lower ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux. This novel atherogenic function of Lp(a) can be exploited for diagnostic, predictive, and therapeutic purposes.

Effect of acute exercise on levels of muscle-derived microvesicles carrying long-chain fatty acid transport proteins was investigated. Increased levels were observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obese individuals.

In healthy subjects, plasma free cortisol of 0.9 μg/dL best predicted total cortisol of <18 μg/dL and could aid in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency in states of altered binding globulins.

B vitamin biomarkers and cognition were examined in older adults with hyperglycemia. Metformin use was associated with deficiencies of vitamins B6 and B12 and 30% higher risk of cognitive dysfunction.

In adults living with HIV on and off antiretroviral therapy, CT subcutaneous fat density measurement reflects histologic adipocyte size and can be used as a noninvasive measure of adipocyte function.

Human energy expenditure was quantitated at various ambient temperatures and shows, despite greater fat mass, that men with obesity have less cold-induced thermogenesis capacity than lean men.

We studied detailed thyroid status in NFPA patients and GHPA patients and investigated that the thyroid status between patients with these pituitary adenomas was different due to excess GH/IGF-1.

Although the genomic landscape of papillary microcarcinoma is similar with or without clinical lateral neck lymph node metastasis, transcriptomic assays identified 43 differentially expressed genes.

This study extended and validated an inexpensive and parsimonious prediction model of 6-year all-cause mortality in white patients with type 2 diabetes from both real-life and clinical trial settings.

We examined whether activation of key transcriptional regulators of skeletal muscle metabolism in response to exercise was attenuated in type 2 diabetes but found that these responses are preserved.

Plasma levels of metabolites DMGU, 7MG, and HTML are associated with incident T2DM in two prospective cohorts comprising >4000 patients.

Postprandial oxytocin (OT) decrease in anorexia nervosa (AN)/atypical AN. OT change is related to appetite in atypical AN only, suggesting a disconnect between OT and appetite in undernourished state.