Volume 103, Issue 10, October 2018

This case series identifies neonates who developed severe, primary hypothyroidism soon after exposure to intralymphatic iodinated contrast.

Cancer immunotherapy targeting PD-1 on lymphocytes can cause immune-related adverse events; we present cases in which these are rapid and severe in patients with preexisting endocrine autoimmunity.

In this IPD meta-analysis, we aimed to overcome pitfalls in AMH-based menopause predictions. AMH was a significant predictor of especially early menopause; however, predictions remain imprecise.

In this review, we characterize the clinical manifestation and management of patients with deletion of the 17q12 chromosomal region, the most common genotype of diabetes mellitus type MODY5.

Our study results suggest that add-on acarbose to metformin treatment is associated with a lower risk of major atherosclerotic events, ischemic stroke, and hypoglycemia compared with sulfonylureas.

The analysis of a large primary aldosteronism (PA) database in Japan revealed that elderly patients with PA could benefit from adrenalectomy if determined in strict accordance with AVS.

A prismatic syndrome is described, involving compound mutations of GRβ coupled with one of glucocorticoid α, which resulted in severe glucocorticoid hypersensitivity.

We preliminarily evaluated the safety and efficacy of apatinib in Chinese patients with RAIR-DTC. The 500-mg dosing approach was less toxic but comparatively effective compared with the 750-mg schedule.

Youth with T1D have worse multitissue insulin sensitivity compared with healthy controls assessed by four-phase hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, and these changes occur regardless of obesity.

This individual participant data meta-analysis found higher odds of having anemia in both participants with decreased and increased thyroid function.

Both polyclonal (sera from patients with untreated hyperthyroid Graves disease) and human monoclonal TSHR-stimulating autoantibodies induce oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation.

Interferon-α triggers thyroglobulin degradation in a lysosomal-dependent manner in a setting of increased endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.

Oxygen tension (pO₂) was higher in abdominal than femoral adipose tissue in women with obesity, and altered microenvironmental pO₂ modulates human adipocyte function.

This is a retrospective review of the effect of targeted therapy on RAI redifferentiation in BRAF- or RAS-mutated DTCs. Long term outcomes using this approach are highlighted.

This study describes the source of estrogen production in feminizing adrenocortical carcinoma and the possible roles of the Wnt pathway.

This study shows that psychomotor development increased significantly during 3 years of GH in infants with PWS. A younger age at start of GH treatment leads to greater improvement in psychomotor development.

Newborn bloodspot screening for primary congenital hypothyroidism was assessed at different test thresholds. Lowering the national threshold should improve performance of the UK screening program.

This study investigated the association of early pregnancy TPOAb positivity with child IQ and found that TPOAb-positive women had children with lower IQ in one of the two studied cohorts.

The involvement of miR-203 modulated Wnt5a/β-catenin signaling in the tumorigenesis process, making it an important potential therapeutic target and a possible biomarker of APAs.

Whole exome sequencing in a 46, XX girl with complete ovarian failure showed a loss of function in ESR2, suggesting that ESR2 and not ESR1 is necessary for ovarian function in humans.

Mediation analyses investigated whether endocannabinoids and sphingomyelins jointly affect human energy metabolism. Anandamide is responsible for the sphingomyelin effect on human energy expenditure.

Maternal fasting lipids were measured during pregnancy, and offspring adiposity was measured 5 to 7 years later. No culpable association between maternal lipids and offspring adiposity was observed.

Low stem/progenitor cell levels predict adverse diabetes outcomes. We found that sodium glucose cotransporter inhibitors did not increase stem/progenitor cells in type 2 diabetes.

Ethnic differences in acylcarnitine and amino acid concentrations suggest more dysregulated metabolism among South-Asian Surinamese compared with Dutch from a young age.

In a cohort of women with Turner syndrome, trabecular bone score was a better predictor of prevalent fractures than DXA-derived areal BMD z scores of the spine and femoral neck.

Nocturnal glucose production was measured using state-of-the-art techniques to understand overnight glucose control in T2D. Drugs targeting late-night GNG may optimize morning glucose control in T2D.

We assessed the role of adipose tissue macrophages in enhancing ADM and its receptors and their implications for GDM and obesity.

We performed reference intervals for third-trimester total and free testosterone and SHBG in 145 women with PCOS and 1341 controls. We suggest separate reference interval for free testosterone.

Celiac autoimmunity is associated with lower blood pressure and a reduced risk of diabetic nephropathy after 25 years of type 1 diabetes duration in the Pittsburgh EDC study.

In a study of 106 matched pairs of LGA and control neonates, LGA was associated with decreases in both fetal insulin sensitivity and β-cell function linked to elevated leptin levels.

A case series of insulin autoimmune syndrome highlighting a range of dysglycemic presentations, diagnostic challenges, and variable responses to therapy.

Liver fat content was strongly associated with a wealth of metabolites in plasma and urine independently of known hallmarks. A prominent example is the urine excretion of adrenal steroids.

Our study demonstrates that CYP11B2 immunohistochemistry‒guided next-generation sequencing identified somatic mutations in the vast majority of aldosterone-producing adenomas in white Americans.

We analyzed hypophysitis outcome, finding a significant improvement of pituitary function in immunosuppressive-treated patients, with APA positivity and specific clinical and radiological features.

Circulating activins and follistatins depend on fitness level, age, and parameters of adiposity, and increase after exercise independently of exercise type or presence of metabolic syndrome.

Worsening of metabolic profile during androgen deprivation is not associated with an increase in circulating inflammatory cytokines or aP2 concentrations.

Among 108,811 premenopausal women followed for up to 20 years, 2794 experienced early natural menopause. Higher risk was related to earlier menarche and shorter and more-regular cycles.

Normal bGH acromegaly is uncommon in real life. These patients have some distinctive features that argue against this being simply acromegaly in its early stages.

Pituitary carcinomas may respond to ipilimumab and nivolumab; alkylator-induced hypermutation may contribute to malignant transformation and sensitivity to immunotherapy.