The Oxford Handbook of the Hellenistic and Roman Near East
Published online:
22 April 2025
Published in print:
13 May 2025
Online ISBN:
9780190858186
Print ISBN:
9780190858155
Contents
End Matter
Index
-
Published:April 2025
Annotate
Cite
'Index', in Rubina Raja (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of the Hellenistic and Roman Near East, Oxford Handbooks (2025; online edn, Oxford Academic, 22 Apr. 2025), https://doi.org/, accessed 3 May 2025.
Subject
Classical Studies
Series
Oxford Handbooks
Collection:
Oxford Handbooks Online
Index
- ‘Arna See Ornea
- Abdalonymus of Sidon752–753
- Abida See Abila
- Achaemenid Empire34–35, 42–44, 156, 168–173, 212–216, 370–372, 381, 441, 447, 532, 537, 547, 562–563 See also Cyrus the Great; See also Failaka; See also Elymais; See also Persis; See also Persepolis; See also Samaria; See also Susa
- Akko See Ptolemais
- Aleppo See Beroia
- Alexander III See Alexander the Great
- Alexander the Great34, 43, 69, 73, 83–86, 96, 103, 211, 364, 402, 442, 467, 474, 592, 664, 733, 759, 766 See also death of Alexander; See also Alexandrian conquest
- Alexander, Marcus Aurelius Severus See Severus Alexander
- Alexandria39, 40, 76, 114, 143, 244, 247, 253, 265, 279, 345, 422–424, 428, 432, 499, 561, 630, 632–634, 682–684, 696, 706, 719, 723, 797, 822
- Amman See Philadelphia
- Anjar See Chalcis
- Antigonus Monophthalmos See Antigonos
- Antigonus the One-Eyed See Antigonos
- Antiochus IV Epiphanes17, 70, 72, 87–91, 99, 104, 208–214, 280, 370, 409, 443, 476–479, 492, 682, 695–697, 754, 758, 766
- Antipatros See Antipater I the Idumean
- Apamea-on-the-Orontes89, 93–94, 135, 211, 284–289, 297, 377, 403, 406–407, 443, 445, 475–478, 519, 630, 648, 652–655, 659–660, 715–728 See also Tetrapolis
- Apollo36, 70–72, 87–89, 96, 157, 210, 247, 406–408, 428, 482, 486, 540, 546, 668, 682, 686, 696, 707, 717, 758, 799, 840
- Appius Maximus Santra333–334
- Aqaba See Aila
- Arabia52, 119, 141, 296–297, 306, 311, 327–329, 343–349, 367, 388, 392–395, 458, 463–467, 522, 635, 639, 642, 765–766, 776–787, 821–822, 829–846, 854–869
- Aramaic See also graffiti; See also Hierapolis; See also Hauran; See also Hatra; See also Itureans; See also Inscriptions; See also Mosul
- Ardashir-Xwarrah See Firuzabad
- Ardašīr I See Ardashir I
- Ariarathes IV476–477
- Ariarathid dynasty473, 486 See also Cappadocia
- Armenia12, 42, 96, 219, 221, 280, 282–284, 325–327, 330–335, 341, 355, 360, 365, 372–384, 388–396, 477–483, 486–487, 492–493, 498, 501, 633, See also Orontid dynasty19, 94, 136, 228, 231–234, 237, 372–376, 471–478, 492, 683, 754
- Against Parthia and Rome216–217, 229–232, 282 See also Cappadocia; See also Tigranes II the Great
- Army See military
- Ar-Rafi’ah See Raphanea
- Ar-Ruha See Edessa
- Arsacia See Rhagae
- Arsacids237, 356, 384, 409, 478, 486, 557, 559, 563–566 See also Hatra; See also Parthia; See also Orodes II of Parthia; See also Orodes of Elymais
- Artaxias I476–477
- Asceticism422, 425, 429–431, 498–500 See also Simeon Stylites
- Asclepius See Asklepios
- Atargatis70, 90, 194, 196, 401–404, 409, 496, 526, 528, 663, 666–668, 675, 770–772, 775, 799 See also Dea Syria
- Atil See Atheila
- Augustus41, 119, 138, 139, 217, 236–251, 261, 267, 273, 287, 357–358, 378–380, 389, 390, 394, 442, 478, 632, 683, 700, 709, 734, 754, 774, 796–797, 801, 838, 868 See also Battle of Actium
- Aurelianus, Lucius Domitius See Aurelian
- Avdat See Oboda
- Axidares331–332
- Axios River See Orontes River
- Aydoun See Dion
- Baalbek190, 261, 263–265, 267, 271, 272, 281, 302, 354, 405–409, 428, 634, 671, 731–735, 739, 754–758, 765–776, 785
- Baal-Shamin See Baalshamin
- Bagistana See Bisutun
- Baitokaike See Bargylus Mountain
- Bassanius Alexianus See Alexander, Severus
- Baths117, 169, 264, 407, 444, 447, 495, 512, 519, 529–530, 610, 654, 665, 669, 686–691, 701–709, 717, 725, 738, 821, 868
- Of Caracalla359
- Battle of Actium20, 44, 69, 243–254, 262, 279, 312, 379, 633, 669, 734, 767 See also Augustus; See also Mark Antony
- Beirut See Berytus
- Beit Natiff804–807
- Beit Ras See Capitolias
- Bekaa Valley53, 54, 94, 232, 236, 263, 265, 300, 306, 633, 732, 750, 754, 758, 765–776, 785, 786, 795
- Berenike See Pella
- Beth Sheʾan See Scythopolis
- Bethorum See Lejjun
- Bible See also Christianity
- Bīšāpūr See Bishapur
- Bostra55–56, 268–272, 283–287, 303–306, 328–329, 394–395, 407–408, 443, 608–619, 639, 814, 822, 856, 863–869
- Building features
- Bustan esh-Sheikh755–757
- C. Iulius Verus Maximus See Maximinus Thrax
- Caesarea Maritima55, 188, 250, 261, 265–267, 270–272, 287, 302–303, 313–318, 343, 406–409, 688, 798, 799–804
- Caesarea Philippi See Caesarea Paneas
- Campo Vaccino387–388
- Canatha See Qanawat
- Caracalla96, 120, 143, 220, 261, 266, 268, 354, 357–360, 366–367, 405, 495, 496, 529, 668, 684–686, 706, 719–721, 866 See also Ethnic identity
- Cassius Dio
- On Apamea284, 716 See also Apamea-on-the-Orontes
- On the Battle of Actium245–247 See also Battle of Actium
- On the Parthians716, 330, 337 See also Parthian Empire
- On the Second Jewish Revolt266, 316 See also Jewish Wars
- Catilius Severus332–334
- Christ See Jesus of Nazareth
- Christianity See also Jesus of Nazareth; See also monks
- Council of Constantinople425
- Great Persecutions396–398, 423 See also Diocletian; See also Diocletian Reforms; See also Holy Land
- Cities See urbanism
- Claudius Albinus355–358
- Claudius Ummidius Durmius Quadratus717
- Coinage See also depictions of Tyche
- As source material339
- Late Antique189
- Colonization, Roman261–272
- constitutio Antoniniana See citizenship
- Construction material
- Dacia327, 334, 341, 345 See also Dacian Wars
- Damascus4, 53–56, 83–84, 90–94, 113, 121, 135, 142–143, 183, 188–190, 231–235, 268, 271, 284–288, 296, 300–307, 393–395, 404–407, 444–446, 522–524, 611, 627–643, 671, 731–738, 765–767, 781–789, 796, 800, 854–857
- Dar’a See Adraa
- Darb el-ʿAyn See Haçbel
- Dayr al-ʿAshāyir See Kiboreia
- Dead cities445, 612, 647 See also Limestone Massif
- Decapolis20–21, 55–56, 114, 124, 188, 235–239, 251, 254, 442, 611–612, 617, 633–635, 731–742, 775, 787, 798–800, 864–867
- Demirköprü See Gephyra
- Depictions of Tyche
- Diana See Artemis
- Diaspora Revolt See Second Jewish War
- Diocles See Diocletian
- Diodorus Siculus205, 477
- On Alexander the Great538, 546, 752 See also Alexander the Great; See also Alexandrian Conquest
- Disgusting Fruit Mountain See Mount Hermon
- Dium See Dion
- Doctrina Addaisee Addai
- Dülük Baba Tepesi669–675
- Dura-Europos55, 73, 78, 134, 140, 149, 186, 194, 219–220, 277–281, 286–288, 305, 327, 341, 383, 401, 405, 519–533, 577, 630, 636, 640, 660, 673, 838, 842
- Dura Europos, naming533 See also Cumont, Franz
- Dushares See Dushara
- Dynastic cult See imperial cult
- Edessa122–125, 149–150, 220, 221, 268, 272, 333–335, 355, 359, 381, 393, 408, 421, 425–428, 491–502, 577, 640, 669, 706
- Egypt12–14, 51–55, 77, 96–97, 104, 141–143, 184, 207–210, 315–317, 327, 328, 334, 341, 344, 356, 361, 378, 390–394, 431, 462–465, 474, 533, 598, 601, 629, 641, 751–752, 822, 838, 839 See also Cleopatra
- Elagabalus See Elagabal (emperor)
- Elam See Susa
- el-Gi See Gaia
- Emesa32, 33, 40, 46, 53–59, 122, 124, 142–143, 228–232, 236, 252, 261, 268–271, 282, 302–306, 311, 326, 354, 356–364, 474, 593, 633–636, 640, 767
- Enoch (Patriarch)784–785
- Epigraphy See inscriptions
- Epiphania See Hama
- er-Rabba See Areopolis
- Ethnic identity17, 35, 38, 43, 214, 297, 466, 652, 803, 804 See also glocalism
- Of Caracalla358
- Of Herod250
- Of Julia Domna353–356
- Eucratideia See Ai Khanoum
- Europus-Dura See Dura Europos
- Eusebius
- On the Jewish War315–316, 344 See also Jewish Wars
- Fars See Pars
- Flavius Constantius See Constantine I
- Fortifications See also Limes; See also Strata Diocletiana
- On the Euphrates507–516
- Gad See depictions of Tyche
- Gaia815–822
- Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus See Diocletian
- Galerius Iovius See Galerius
- Galerius Maximianus See Galerius
- Gaulanitis See Golan Heights
- Gaza14, 53, 55–58, 102–105, 239, 268, 272–273, 300, 302–304, 344, 467, 796–799, 806, 838, 854–855, 865–858
- Gerasa Artemis See Artemis Rospigliosi
- Germanicea298–301
- Gerrha See Chalcis
- Ghassanid confederation463–467 See also Jafnid dynasty
- Grillparzer, Franz387–398
- Hadad See Baal
- Hadaranes770–772
- Hadrian119, 143, 219, 261, 264, 266, 270, 283, 296, 315–319, 325, 327, 332–336, 379, 493, 596, 639, 684, 686, 718, 731, 736, 755, 797, 821 See also Bar Kochba Revolt, See also Dacian Wars
- Hagar833–844
- Halutza See Elusa
- Hasmonean dynasty18–19, 105, 474, 733, 754, 795–797, 804, 817, 855 See also Alexander Jannaeus; See also Judea
- civil war20, 232 See also John Hyrcanus; See also Aristobulus II
- Hauranitis See Jebel el-Arab
- Hawran See Hauran
- Heliopolis See Baalbek
- Herakles See Heracles
- Hercules See Heracles
- Herod Agrippa See Agrippa I
- Herod I See Herod the Great
- Herod of Judea See Herod the Great
- Herod the Great21, 44, 75, 76, 235, 240, 263, 408, 409, 442, 633–636, 701, 734, 758, 767, 801, 861 See also ethnic identity; See also Jerusalem
- Building programme249–252 See also Jerusalem; See also Caesaria Maritima
- Construction of the temple250 See also Temple Mount
- Hiba499–500
- Homs See Emesa
- Hydaspes River370–371
- Hydatos Potamoi See Seleucia in Pieria
- Hyrkanos, Johannes See Hyrcanus, John
- Imperialism See colonization, Roman; See orientalism
- Inscriptions See also graffiti; See also milestones
- Bilingual173, 210, 495, 541, 593, 613, 619, 770, 787, 806, 844 See also Hellenization; See also Romanization
- Iran16, 18, 34, 77, 149–152, 168, 173, 178, 186, 369–372, 382–384, 411–412, 463, 537, 538, 544, 557–568, 640, 680, 837, 839
- Iron Age
- Pottery514
- Islahiye See Nicopolis
- Ituraeans18, 94, 236, 232, 237, 252, 262, 287, 631, 639, 790, 818 See also Bekaa Valley; See also Chalcis; See also Hauran; See also Ptolemy Menneus
- Against Rome765–767
- Against the Seleucids781 See also Mount Hermon; See also Seleucid Empire
- Iudea See Judea
- Iulia Aquila Severa362–363
- Iulia Domna See Julia Domna
- Iupiter See Jupiter
- Jabal al-Shaykh See Mount Hermon
- Jabal al-Thalj See Mount Hermon
- Jarablous See Carchmish
- Jebel Nusayriya See Bargylus
- Jebel Nusayriya See Bargylus Mountain
- Jerash See Gerasa
- Jerusalem12, 53, 56, 60, 102–105, 190, 232–234, 250, 283, 303–304, 340–349, 395–398, 404–412, 423–427, 430–432, 610, 639, 690, 795–796, 803–804, 814, 821, 860, 864 See also Herod the Great; See also Judaea; See also Temple Mount
- Jewelery36, 77, 149, 178, 196, 577, 584, 598, 838
- Jewish Wars311–323, 732
- Third Jewish War See Bar Kokhba Revolt
- Jist el-Hadid See Gephyra
- Jordan3, 11, 38, 46, 52–56, 61, 114, 124, 183, 188–192, 295, 301, 306, 307, 343, 459, 463, 607, 613, 731, 857, 858 See also Transjordan
- Jospehus See also Judaism; See also Herod I the Great
- Details of the army, Jewish Wars279–280, 286–287, 312, 318 See also Jewish Wars
- On administration313–314
- On Herod249–252, 263, 318 See also Herod I the Great
- On Pompey230–234, 238, 239, 767 See also Pompey the Great
- Judaea13, 14, 17–20, 52, 232, 237, 239, 247–251, 254, 280–282, 286, 287, 288, 296–300, 311–320, 328, 340, 344–349, 393, 718, 731, 732, 798 See also Herod the Great
- Judah See Judea
- Judaism320, 412, 427, 798–799 See also Bar Kokbha Revolt; See also Christianity; See also Galille; See also Herod I the Great; See also Jerusalem; See also Temple Mount
- Justinian See Justin I
- Kabnashkir539
- Kadesh See Laodicea ad Libanum
- Kammnaskires Orodes See Orodes of Elymais
- Kanaanites See Canaanites
- Kanatha See Qanawat
- Kassios See Kasios
- Khalasa See Elusa
- Khusraw I Anūsharwān See Chosroes
- Kingship
- Sasanian164, 167, 168, 186, 191, 431, 547 See also Ardashir I; See also Shapur I; See also Shapur II
- Seleucid92, 209, 476, 698, 703 See also Antiochus I Soter; See also Antiochus II; See also Antiochus III; See also Antiochus IV Epiphanes
- Female members42
- Kitôt595–596
- Koele-Syria See Syria
- Kommagene See Commagene
- Kurnub See Mampsis
- Kyrenaica See Cyrenaica
- Lakhmid Dynasty464–467
- Laodicea84–96, 138, 143, 261, 267, 268–273, 300–305, 354, 407, 562, 640, 695, 705, 715–719, 750 See also Tetrapolis
- Laodicea ad Mare See Laodicea
- Laodicea-by-the-sea See Laodicea
- Lawrence of Arabia See Lawrence, T.E.
- Lebanon3, 52–56, 112, 134, 228, 232, 236–237, 262, 278, 300, 407–409, 428–430, 629, 750, 756, 765–769, 773–774
- Leptis Magna See Lepcis Magna
- Lucius Calvinus Taurus263
- Mada’in Salih See Hegra
- Magnesia-on-the-Maeander See Magnesia
- Mamshit See Mampsis
- Manbij See Hierapolis
- Mani396, 411, 412, 498 See also Manichaeans
- Manicheans404, 412, 498 See also Christianity; See also Mani
- Edict against396, 423 See also tetrarchy; See also Diocletian reforms
- Masjid-I Sulaiman See Masjed-e Solayman
- Massif Calcaire See Limestone Massif
- Meredat844–845
- Mesene See Characene
- Minerva See Athena
- Mismiye See Phaena
- Mithridates I See Mithradates I
- Mithridates II See Mithradates II
- Mithridates VI the Great See Mithradates VI
- Monasticism See also asceticism; See also monks
- Monks See also asceticism; See also Christianity; See also monasticism
- Mosaics54, 69, 113, 139, 167–171, 183, 189–190, 403, 406, 481, 495–496, 551, 579, 614, 694, 722–727, 735, 798, 869
- Hellenistic75–77
- Natural disasters
- Climate change59–61
- Nawa See Neue
- Nazala See Qaryatayn
- Neoplatonic school at Apamea719–723
- Nestorius424, 499 See also Nestorian controversy
- Niha See Hosn Niha
- Nitzana See Nessana
- Nomadism See also Bedouins; See also farming; See also Nabateans; See also Negev
- Encampments460–462
- Epigraphy458–459
- Textual evidence457–458
- Numismatics See coinage
- Octavian See Augustus
- Oinoparos Valley See Afrin River
- Old Man’s Mountain See Mount Hermon
- Oman829–845
- Orontes River11, 53–54, 136, 263, 300–305, 344, 393, 440, 641, 647, 680–684, 689, 695–696, 700–702, 709, 765, 773
- Orontid dynasty See also Armenia; See also Antiochos I; See also Samosata; See also Tigranes II
- Commagene41, 471–475 See also Nemrud Dağ
- Royal sites480–482
- Palaemon See Melicertes
- Palestine3, 14, 61, 76, 228, 234–235, 239, 261–262, 278, 297, 376, 392–98, 405–411, 423, 425–430, 463, 633, 642, 732, 837, 864
- Palmyra30, 36–38, 61, 134, 140, 149–150, 184–190, 236, 261, 268–270, 283–284, 519–533, 567, 574, 591–601, 640–641, 660, 814, 842
- Art and architecture113–125, 194, 251–254, 288, 443–446, 577–586, 635, 666, 671, 801, 842 See also statues
- Religion402–409
- Strategic location55–59, 149, 296, 301–306, 326–338, 356–367, 391–398, 464–465, 541, 638, 838 See also military; See also Roman Legions; See also transport routes
- Under Hadrian339–349
- Parthia143, 208, 220, 227, 474, 479, 492–497, 586, 639, 857 See also Arsacids; See also Mithradates I; See also Mithradates II
- Parthian Empire149–158, 369–384, 557–568, 573–586 See also Arsacids; See also Battle of Carrhae; See also Hatra; See also Seleucid Empire; See also Nisa; See also Parthia
- Peace of Apamea475, 476, 754 See also Seleucid Empire
- Petra55, 76, 124, 184, 232, 237, 251, 268, 270, 273, 300, 303, 328, 409, 410, 635, 837, 842, 861, 864–867
- Peucestas544–547
- Pharnake See Apamea-on-the-Orontes
- Phillipus Arabs See Philip I the Arab
- Phrataaces See Phraates V
- Pilgrimage
- Plutarch205, 375, 664
- On the Battle of Actium245–247 See also Battle of Actium
- On Alexander the Great524, 546, 752, 766 See also Alexandrian Conquest; See also Alexander the Great
- Polyperchon207
- Pompey the Great95, 138, 217, 262, 281, 373, 375–378, 393, 442, 475, 478, 492, 632, 683, 699, 732, 753, 766, 800, 856 See also Hasmonean dynasty; See also Seleucid Empire
- Pontos See Pontus
- Pontus728, 335, 393, 480 See also Poltus Galaticus, See also Pontus Polemoniacus
- Potamoi Karon See Seleucia in Pieria
- Ptolemaeus See Ptolemy I
- Ptolemaois Philadelphos See Ptolemy II Philadelphus
- Qaṣr ʿAntar784–786
- Qasr el-Heir el-Gharbi See Heliaramia
- Quintus Curtius546–547
- Quintus Labienus377
- Qweilbeh See Abila
- Raphanai See Raphanea
- Raphaneaa See Raphanea
- Ras Tanura See Ain Jawan
- Roman legions See also Roman military structure; See also Notitia Dignitatum
- Roman military structure See also colonization, Roman legions; See also notitia dignatatum
- numbers of men279–281
- Rome (city)44, 51, 69, 139, 142, 234, 247, 263–265, 270–273, 312, 329, 356, 359, 362, 364, 380–382, 387, 427, 479, 634, 668–669, 682, 697, 719, 769, 821, 856
- Saana See Sa’ane
- Sacaraucae See Scythians
- Sallustia Barbia Orbiana364–365
- Samaritans798 See also Hasmoneans; See also Judea
- Samus I of Sophene480–481
- Sanamayn See Aere
- Šapur I See Shapur I
- Šapur II See Shapur II
- Satrap See strategos
- Sbeita See Sobata
- Sebaste See Samaria
- Seleucia-in-Pieria See Seleucia
- Seleucid Empire See also kingship
- Against the Ptolemies75, 306, 515, 526, 629–631 See also Antiochus III; See also Syrian Wars
- Seleukids See Seleucid Empire
- Seleukos I See Seleucus I Nicator
- Septimia Zenobia See Zenobia
- Septimius Severus112, 143, 219–220, 261–272, 283, 353–359, 361, 366, 391, 394, 494, 574, 639–640, 684–686, 705–706, 718–720, 725, 751, 767–769, 797, 821
- Shabba See Philippopolis
- Shahba See Philippopolis
- Shar-e Qumis See Hekatompylos
- Shaykh’s Mountain See Mount Hermon
- Sî See Seeia
- Sidon12–14, 71–73, 83–86, 96–101, 105, 122, 135–136, 143, 263–268, 270–272, 302, 405, 444, 749–760, 781–782, 787–789
- Siryon See Mount Hermon
- Skirtos River See Daiṣān River
- Slim See Seleima
- Soada612–617
- Sopater the Syrian See Sopater of Apamea
- Statues
- Storm God See Baal, Hadad
- Strabo
- On the Parthians370, 537, 541–543 See also Parthian Empire
- Suez See Clysma
- Sussita See Hippos
- Suweida See Soada
- Syriac (language) See Aramaic
- Syrian Gates See Pylai Syriai
- Syria-Phoinikè See Syria Phoenice
- Tabaqat Fahl See Pella
- Tacitus
- On the Parthians381–382 See also Parthian Empire
- Tadmor See Palmyra
- Taima See Tayma
- Tchalenko, Georges650–658
- Teaching of Addai See Addai
- Tel Shalem346–349
- Tell Ashari See Dion
- Tell el-Hajj See Eragiza
- Tell Sa’id See Failaka
- Thaddeus See Addai
- Thaj829–846 See also Gerrha, Hagar
- Tombs35–36, 76–78, 122–125, 253, 495, 523, 541–543, 561, 567, 592, 597–600, 616, 647–653, 785, 799, 833, 838–845 See also necropolises; See also cemeteries
- Trachonitis See Leja
- Trajan142, 217–219, 264, 296, 311, 315, 319, 325–336, 340–343, 349, 480, 493–497, 526, 574, 580–581, 638–639, 683, 719, 787, 796, 814, 821, 856–857, 864–866 See also Cassius Dio
- Trajan Decius See Decius
- Transport networks295–309 See also itineraries
- Research history297–298
- Trebizond335
- Tūr ‘Abdīn430
- Tur Talga See Mount Hermon
- Tyre54, 71, 75–78, 96–105, 112, 135–136, 140–143, 261–265, 270–273, 287–307, 354, 444, 638–640, 684, 688, 749–759, 789, 793
- Udhruh See Augustopolis
- Umm al Rasas868–869
- Umm Qais See Gadara
- Venus See Aphrodite
- Vespasian143, 264–266, 282, 284, 288, 296, 304, 312–313, 319, 325–327, 397, 479, 596, 683, 734, 796, 801–802
- Victory (god) See Nike
- Vologases II331–334
- Wadi Musa See Gaia
- Walls See fortification
- Water management
- Xwāsak See Khwasak
- Yafo See Ioppe
- Yatrib See Medina
- Yezre’el Valley See Jezreel Valley
- Zaarougas See Mikkalos
- Zenodorus767–768
- Zeugma55, 117, 121–122, 134, 140, 235–236, 278, 281–288, 295, 300–306, 326, 479, 491, 508–593, 633, 659, 664–666 See also Seleucia on the Euphrates
- Zeus76, 124, 190, 273, 404–407, 482, 526–531, 618, 651, 666, 686, 705–707, 715–717, 724, 734–738, 750, 775, 793, 802, 838–841 See also Jupiter
- Zeus Dolichenus See Jupiter Dolichenus
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