Volume 103, Issue 3, March 2018

Combined ovarian and adrenal venous sampling, and hormone assessment, are valuable in localizing adrenocorticotropic hormone–independent ectopic Cushing syndrome, especially in ovarian tumors.

This Perspective article deals with a model for future DCOEs, with emphasis on current and evolving health care centers in the United States.

The expression and function of GSTA1 is investigated. GSTA1 is less expressed in high-aldosterone KCNJ5-mutated APAs and negatively regulates aldosterone production by ROS and Ca²⁺ signaling.

The present multicenter RCT shows that the estroprogestin plus bicalutamide therapy is well tolerated and significantly more effective than the estroprogestin monotherapy to treat hirsutism.

We identified a mutation in NKX2-1 in a patient with BLTS with pulmonary distress. Using functional studies, we have shown that the coactivator TAZ acts as a modifier of the BLTS.

The degree of PAC suppression was not reliable for PA diagnosis. Post-SIT and post-CCT PACs for PA diagnosis were slightly higher in Chinese subjects than those recommended by the Endocrine Society.

We studied the prevalence and size of thyroid cysts, nodules, and cancers in children and adolescents in Fukushima Prefecture and found sex- and age-dependent differences in prevalence and size.

We compared the effects of vitamin D and placebo on semen quality. We found no effect on semen quality but noted beneficial effects on live birth rate and serum inhibin B in prespecified subgroups.

Greater skeletal muscle incomplete FAO in poorly controlled T2D because of elevated β oxidation and is associated with worsening muscle S_I.

Variable improvements in menses, hormones, and metabolism were seen during 24 months of metformin use in 119 women with polycystic ovary syndrome subgrouped by baseline weight and androgen status.

We investigated the diagnostic utility of a combination of CT findings and serum potassium for the subtype diagnosis of PA. These two readily available findings are helpful for the indication of AVS.

We studied the age- and sex-related differences in the surgical outcomes of acromegalic patients. Females, especially premenopausal women, were found to have larger and more aggressive tumors than men.

We performed genomic analyses in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns. We demonstrate findings that explain SGA or contribute to SGA, as well as a detailed list of genes involved in fetal growth.

This randomized clinical trial showed that based on the newly recommended TSH cut point of ≥4.0 mIU/L, LT₄ treatment could significantly lower the preterm delivery rate in SCH-TPOAb⁻ pregnant women.

Following initiation of anti–TNF-α therapy in children and adolescents with Crohn disease, IGF-1 levels increased and were positively associated with improvements in DXA measures of bone and muscle.

A winter peak of HOMA-IR and insulin among the elderly was explained by ambient temperature. A summer peak of glucose among the middle-aged was explained by relative humidity and lifestyle markers.

We report high VF prevalence during TSH-suppressive therapy even in women with normal BMD. VFs also were highly prevalent in women with low-normal TSH values when BMD was in the osteoporotic range.

Purkinje cell protein 4 (PCP4) transcription is regulated by DNA methylation in aldosterone-producing adenomas, and KCNJ5 mutation did not influence DNA methylation of PCP4.

Hyperglucagonemia may cause type 2 diabetes, but we saw it only in a subgroup of women with prediabetes/diabetes in our study. Thus it is a possible, but not a universal, factor in this disease.

Late-night salivary cortisol measured for up to 42 days in Cushing disease (CD) shows extreme fluctuation in individuals. Normal levels are seen much more frequently than appreciated in recurrent CD.

CYP19A1 was the main regulator of estrogen levels in this GWAS, with additional loci on chromosome X and in TRIM4 and CYP11B1/B2. Findings in the study strengthen the importance of E2 for bone health.

A report of 10 patients with a rare LMNA p.T10I mutation presenting with a specific phenotype that can be classified as a novel generalized lipodystropy syndrome.

Among 12 adipocytokines, adiponectin, AFABP, chemerin, and FGF21 showed the strongest associations with the MS and its components.

Plasma sOb-R predicted improved insulin sensitivity after a 12-week intensive exercise intervention in 26 men and correlated with upregulation of metabolic and downregulation of inflammatory pathways.

Serum carnitine metabolites evaluated in patients with stable angina pectoris revealed carnitine precursors and palmitoylcarnitine to be associated with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus.

We report a newly identified etiology of hyperinsulinism and hypopituitarism as a result of a mutation in FOXA2 found through whole exome sequencing and demonstrate its functional impact in vitro.

Hypoglycemia in diabetes drives morbidity. We show in this work that experimental and iatrogenic hypoglycemia impairs circulating stem and progenitor cells, which predict diabetes outcomes.

We studied the effects of retosiban, a putative OTR inverse agonist in human myometrial explants and cynomolgus monkeys. We found that the OTR acts as a uterine mechanosensor, blocked by retosiban.

This study demonstrates a novel interaction between plasma FFA availability and circadian rhythms in cellular gene expression of factors that regulate substrate selection in people.

In association analyses of endocannabinoid concentration in peripheral tissues with energy expenditure (EE) measures, muscle and adipose endocannabinoids correlate with EE and macronutrient oxidation.

We examined the effect of pramlintide or liraglutide as adjunctive therapy on postprandial glucagon and glucose response to mixed-meal feedings in youths with type 1 diabetes.

We analyzed use of radioactive iodine ablation for differentiated thyroid cancer in California from 1999 to 2015. The rate has decreased over time, particularly for low-risk tumors smaller than 2 cm.

BRAF^V600E is associated with greater tumor cell proliferation and more active and numerous fibroblasts in PTCs. In 3D reconstruction, tumor cells are connected and in the vicinity of the stroma.

In late pubertal girls, progesterone acutely reduced waking LH pulse frequency, with no change observed during sleep, suggesting differential wake-sleep sensitivity to progesterone negative feedback.

Two prediction models, based on common clinical measurements, have been developed and externally validated. They could aid real-time decisions on prioritizing more intensive diabetes management.

We measured heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity and showed that lower cardiac vagal tone is associated with increased liver fat content in patients with recent-onset type 2 diabetes.

We have developed a miRNome of thyroid tissue from samples of AITD and controls and report a 5-miRNA signature of potential impact that could be able to assign a risk probability for developing AITD.

We studied the CC–incorporated definition of MetS and found adding the CC component into the components of MetS correlated with higher cardiovascular-associated mortality risk.

This study examined the association of 25OHD with CVD and all-cause mortality in patients suspected of having SAP and assessed for potential thresholds and for heterogeneity in subgroups.

In this study, we studied the association of mismatch repair genes with pituitary adenoma growth and found MSH6/MSH2 genes play a crucial role in direct tumor proliferation via the ATR–Chk1 pathway.

We hypothesize that exenatide increases the plasma concentration of IL-1RA and modulates the Nrf-2‒Keap-1‒ARE system to induce key antioxidant enzymes to suppress inflammatory and oxidative stress.

This prospective study demonstrates that fracture incidence is not increased in girls with TS and that their calculated bone strength is normal despite decreased trabecular bone mineral density.

In this study, we explored whether FT3 level was correlated with cardiac function and could play as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiac transplantation in patients with HOCM.

We report changes in serum microRNAs after treatment with teriparatide or denosumab in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis.

We studied causes, patterns, and severity of androgen excess in 1205 women at our institution over 5 years and found distinct patterns predictive of non-PCOS pathology in pre- and postmenopausal women.

Impact of RT-CGM reimbursement was prospectively investigated in a T1D population on CSII. HbA_1c, fear of hypoglycemia, and QOL improved, and hospitalization risk and work absenteeism decreased.