
Contents
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Historical Influences Historical Influences
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Motives Motives
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Perspectives on Basic or Fundamental Motives Perspectives on Basic or Fundamental Motives
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Approach And Avoidance Approach And Avoidance
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Behavioral Inhibition and Behavioral Approach Behavioral Inhibition and Behavioral Approach
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Regulatory Focus Theory Regulatory Focus Theory
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Categorization of Motives Categorization of Motives
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Motive Classes Derived From Basic Questions Motive Classes Derived From Basic Questions
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Evolutionarily Based Fundamental Motive Theories Evolutionarily Based Fundamental Motive Theories
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Implicit Motive Theory Implicit Motive Theory
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Profiles of Implicit Motives Profiles of Implicit Motives
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Relationships Between Implicit and Explicit Motives Relationships Between Implicit and Explicit Motives
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Self-Determination Theory Self-Determination Theory
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Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Motivation Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Motivation
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Internalization, Autonomy, and Self-Regulation Internalization, Autonomy, and Self-Regulation
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Individual Differences in Causality Orientations Individual Differences in Causality Orientations
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Assumption of Universality Assumption of Universality
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Goals Goals
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Goals: Appraisal, Structure, and Content Goals: Appraisal, Structure, and Content
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Goal Appraisal Goal Appraisal
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Goal Structure And Content Goal Structure And Content
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Goal Pursuit and Self-Regulation Goal Pursuit and Self-Regulation
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Goal Selection And Commitment Goal Selection And Commitment
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Mind-Set Theory of Action Phases Mind-Set Theory of Action Phases
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Personality Systems Interaction Theory Personality Systems Interaction Theory
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Fantasy Realization Theory Fantasy Realization Theory
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Self-Regulation Self-Regulation
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Self-Regulatory Strength Self-Regulatory Strength
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Affect and Self-Regulation Affect and Self-Regulation
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Integrating Influences on Goal Appraisal and Goal Pursuit Integrating Influences on Goal Appraisal and Goal Pursuit
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Achievement Situations: Motives, Beliefs, And Goals Achievement Situations: Motives, Beliefs, And Goals
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Personal Goals As Personality Personal Goals As Personality
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Self-Regulation Strategies, Personality, And Goals: Defensive Pessimism Self-Regulation Strategies, Personality, And Goals: Defensive Pessimism
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Automatic Processes And Implicit Goals Automatic Processes And Implicit Goals
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Future Directions Future Directions
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Conscious Versus Nonconscious Goal Pursuit Conscious Versus Nonconscious Goal Pursuit
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Congruence and Conflict in Motive/Goal Systems Congruence and Conflict in Motive/Goal Systems
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Self and Self-Regulation Self and Self-Regulation
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Summary Summary
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References References
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12 Motivation and Goal Pursuit: Integration Across the Social/Personality Divide
Get accessJulie K. Norem, Department of Psychology, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA
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Published:18 September 2012
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Abstract
This chapter reviews motivation research that integrates person and situation perspectives. Personality and social psychologists pursue approaches to the study of human motivation that tend to be complementary and integrated, because they have had similar reactions to historical influences. Research tends to focus either on general motives, or on specific goals and goal pursuit processes. Within each focus, one can distinguish between implicit and explicit motives and goals, and approach and avoidance versions of motives and goal constructs. The chapter reviews implicit motive theory, self-determination theory, and research on goal structure, content, appraisal and pursuit. Implicit theories, life tasks, and self-regulation strategies (e.g., defensive pessimism) exemplify perspectives on motivation that integrate personal and situational factors using a functional approach. The chapter calls for further research on the relationship between implicit and explicit motivational variables, on congruence versus conflict in motivational systems, and on the integration of self-concept and motivational systems.
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