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35.8 Mixed and multiple valve diseases
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Published:July 2018
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This version:November 2024
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Abstract
Although mixed and multiple valvular heart diseases (VHD) are frequent, there is still a lack of data on this pathology. They may be encountered in several conditions, particularly in rheumatic and congenital heart disease, but also in degenerative valve disease. Diagnosis and evaluation are complex, based on an integrative multimodality approach. Given the lack of data on optimal treatment, patients with mixed or multiple VHD should be evaluated by the heart team at a Heart Valve Centre, with experience in multimodality imaging and treatment of complex VHD to determine indication, mode, and timing of intervention. More data on the natural history and the impact of intervention on outcome are required to better define the indications for intervention.
Update:
Chapter has been extensively updated to reflect the 2021 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease
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