The Oxford Handbook of Atrocity Crimes
The Oxford Handbook of Atrocity Crimes
Barbora Holá is Senior Researcher at the Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement (NSCR) and Associate Professor at the Department of Criminal Law and Criminology at Vrije University Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Hollie Nyseth Nzitatira is Associate Professor of Sociology at The Ohio State University. She has published over 40 articles and book chapters on genocide and mass violence, as well as how countries rebuild in the aftermath. Her two current projects funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation examine Rwanda’s gacaca courts and peoples’ reentry and reintegration following incarceration for genocide in Rwanda.
Maartje Weerdesteijn is Assistant Professor at the Department of Criminology at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and a Research Fellow at the Center for International Criminal Justice.
Cite
Abstract
The Oxford Handbook on Atrocity Crimes consolidates and further develops the evolving field of atrocity studies by combining major mono-, inter-, and multidisciplinary research on atrocity crimes in one volume encompassing contributions of leading scholars. Atrocity crimes—war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide—are manifestations of large-scale and systematic criminality committed within specific political, ideological, and societal contexts. These crimes are typically committed by multiple actors against a large number of victims who suffer far-reaching consequences. Scholars studying mass atrocities are scattered not only across disciplines—such as international (criminal) law, international relations, criminology, political science, psychology, sociology, history, anthropology, and demography—but also across the topic-related fields, which are by definition multi- and interdisciplinary but are typically limited to a particular category or aspect of atrocity crimes. This Handbook brings together these strands of scholarship and interrogates atrocity crimes as an overarching category of criminality, while simultaneously recognizing and theorizing differences among the individual constitutive categories. The Handbook covers topics related to the etiology and causes of atrocities, the actors involved, the victims of atrocity crimes and related harms, the reactions to atrocity crimes, and in-depth case studies of understudied situations of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide.
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Front Matter
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Introduction: Atrocity Crimes and Atrocity Studies
Barbora Holá and others
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Part I Atrocity Crimes
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Part II Etiology and Causes of Atrocity Crimes
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4
Origins of Predicting Genocide and Politicide: Risk Assessments and Early Warnings
Barbara Harff
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5
Human Rights and Atrocities
Melanie O’Brien
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6
Armed Conflict and Atrocities: Understanding Power Dynamics
Jolle Demmers
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7
Natural Resources and Atrocities
Kieran Mitton
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8
Democracies, Dictatorial Regimes, and Atrocities
Maartje Weerdesteijn
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9
Ideologies, Identities, and Speech in Atrocities
Jonathan Leader Maynard
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10
Meso-Level Dynamics of Atrocities
Rachel Jacobs andScott Straus
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11
Detention, Torture, Disappearance: The Crimes of Atrocious Organizations
Susanne Karstedt
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4
Origins of Predicting Genocide and Politicide: Risk Assessments and Early Warnings
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Part III Actors in Atrocity Crimes
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12
Individuals as Perpetrators of Atrocity Crimes
Alette Smeulers
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13
Individuals as Bystanders to Atrocity Crimes
Roland Moerland
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14
On the Margins: Role-Shifting in Atrocity Crimes
Erin Jessee
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15
Child Soldiers
Myriam Denov andAnaïs Cadieux Van Vliet
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16
Non-State Actors and Atrocity Crimes
Uğur Ümit Üngör
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17
The Involvement of Corporations in Atrocity Crimes
Wim Huisman and others
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18
The Role of the State in Atrocity Crimes
Christopher W. Mullins
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19
The International Community and Atrocity Crimes: The Responsibility to Protect
Alex J. Bellamy
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12
Individuals as Perpetrators of Atrocity Crimes
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Part IV Harm and Victims of Atrocity Crimes
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20
Victimology of Atrocity Crimes
Antony Pemberton andRianne Letschert
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21
How Can Mortality Due to Atrocity Crimes Be Estimated? Methods and Data Sources
Helge Brunborg
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22
Atrocity Crimes and Ecocide: Interrelations between Armed Conflict, Violence, and Harm to the Environment
Daan P. van Uhm
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23
Forced Migrants and Atrocity Crimes
Victoria Colvin andPhil Orchard
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24
In the Aftermath of Atrocities: Research on the Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma and Violence
Lidewyde Berckmoes
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20
Victimology of Atrocity Crimes
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Part V Reactions to Atrocity Crimes
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25
Transitional Justice in the 21st Century: History, Effectiveness, and Challenges
David Tolbert andMarcela Prieto Rudolphy
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26
International Criminal Justice
Nancy Amoury Combs
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27
Sexual Violence as a Practice of War: Implications for the Investigation and Prosecution of Atrocity Crimes
Kim Thuy Seelinger andElisabeth Jean Wood
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28
Amnesties and Truth Commissions
Jeremy Julian Sarkin
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29
Customary Responses
Joanna R. Quinn
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30
Reparations and the Role of Apologies
Stephanie Wolfe
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31
Memory and Memorialization after Atrocities
Nicole Fox
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25
Transitional Justice in the 21st Century: History, Effectiveness, and Challenges
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Part VI Case Studies
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A. War Crimes
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B. Crimes against Humanity
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C. Genocide
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End Matter
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May 2024 | 7 |
May 2024 | 13 |
May 2024 | 4 |
May 2024 | 17 |
May 2024 | 6 |
May 2024 | 3 |
May 2024 | 16 |
May 2024 | 3 |
May 2024 | 5 |
May 2024 | 4 |
May 2024 | 8 |
June 2024 | 2 |
June 2024 | 3 |
June 2024 | 8 |
June 2024 | 5 |
June 2024 | 19 |
June 2024 | 7 |
June 2024 | 4 |
June 2024 | 6 |
June 2024 | 13 |
June 2024 | 6 |
June 2024 | 18 |
June 2024 | 9 |
June 2024 | 7 |
June 2024 | 4 |
June 2024 | 5 |
June 2024 | 7 |
June 2024 | 9 |
June 2024 | 2 |
June 2024 | 10 |
June 2024 | 8 |
June 2024 | 12 |
June 2024 | 3 |
June 2024 | 7 |
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June 2024 | 6 |
June 2024 | 11 |
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June 2024 | 4 |
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June 2024 | 8 |
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June 2024 | 7 |
June 2024 | 12 |
June 2024 | 6 |
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June 2024 | 10 |
June 2024 | 4 |
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July 2024 | 3 |
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July 2024 | 8 |
July 2024 | 3 |
July 2024 | 7 |
July 2024 | 3 |
July 2024 | 8 |
July 2024 | 3 |
July 2024 | 7 |
July 2024 | 8 |
July 2024 | 11 |
July 2024 | 5 |
July 2024 | 4 |
July 2024 | 9 |
July 2024 | 5 |
July 2024 | 3 |
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July 2024 | 5 |
July 2024 | 9 |
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July 2024 | 25 |
July 2024 | 12 |
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July 2024 | 8 |
July 2024 | 3 |
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July 2024 | 10 |
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July 2024 | 3 |
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August 2024 | 3 |
August 2024 | 4 |
August 2024 | 6 |
August 2024 | 9 |
August 2024 | 2 |
August 2024 | 6 |
August 2024 | 9 |
August 2024 | 8 |
August 2024 | 18 |
August 2024 | 2 |
August 2024 | 25 |
August 2024 | 6 |
August 2024 | 6 |
August 2024 | 5 |
August 2024 | 2 |
August 2024 | 7 |
August 2024 | 2 |
August 2024 | 4 |
August 2024 | 8 |
August 2024 | 8 |
August 2024 | 1 |
August 2024 | 3 |
August 2024 | 5 |
August 2024 | 4 |
August 2024 | 5 |
August 2024 | 4 |
August 2024 | 7 |
August 2024 | 10 |
August 2024 | 1 |
August 2024 | 5 |
August 2024 | 3 |
August 2024 | 5 |
August 2024 | 1 |
August 2024 | 2 |
August 2024 | 3 |
September 2024 | 10 |
September 2024 | 13 |
September 2024 | 8 |
September 2024 | 9 |
September 2024 | 5 |
September 2024 | 13 |
September 2024 | 2 |
September 2024 | 6 |
September 2024 | 10 |
September 2024 | 5 |
September 2024 | 21 |
September 2024 | 51 |
September 2024 | 3 |
September 2024 | 22 |
September 2024 | 10 |
September 2024 | 13 |
September 2024 | 4 |
September 2024 | 4 |
September 2024 | 2 |
September 2024 | 6 |
September 2024 | 7 |
September 2024 | 3 |
September 2024 | 11 |
September 2024 | 6 |
September 2024 | 2 |
September 2024 | 5 |
September 2024 | 14 |
September 2024 | 31 |
September 2024 | 2 |
September 2024 | 4 |
September 2024 | 1 |
September 2024 | 11 |
September 2024 | 15 |
September 2024 | 10 |
September 2024 | 3 |
September 2024 | 7 |
September 2024 | 3 |
September 2024 | 1 |
September 2024 | 7 |
September 2024 | 10 |
September 2024 | 6 |
September 2024 | 4 |
September 2024 | 7 |
October 2024 | 18 |
October 2024 | 3 |
October 2024 | 2 |
October 2024 | 5 |
October 2024 | 16 |
October 2024 | 1 |
October 2024 | 4 |
October 2024 | 1 |
October 2024 | 1 |
October 2024 | 4 |
October 2024 | 6 |
October 2024 | 4 |
October 2024 | 1 |
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October 2024 | 15 |
October 2024 | 5 |
October 2024 | 2 |
October 2024 | 7 |
October 2024 | 151 |
October 2024 | 2 |
October 2024 | 1 |
October 2024 | 5 |
October 2024 | 2 |
October 2024 | 3 |
October 2024 | 76 |
October 2024 | 2 |
October 2024 | 1 |
October 2024 | 23 |
October 2024 | 3 |
October 2024 | 5 |
October 2024 | 16 |
October 2024 | 5 |
October 2024 | 3 |
October 2024 | 9 |
November 2024 | 5 |
November 2024 | 8 |
November 2024 | 3 |
November 2024 | 15 |
November 2024 | 7 |
November 2024 | 3 |
November 2024 | 11 |
November 2024 | 6 |
November 2024 | 6 |
November 2024 | 1 |
November 2024 | 4 |
November 2024 | 9 |
November 2024 | 7 |
November 2024 | 3 |
November 2024 | 1 |
November 2024 | 4 |
November 2024 | 3 |
November 2024 | 20 |
November 2024 | 2 |
November 2024 | 1 |
November 2024 | 8 |
November 2024 | 8 |
November 2024 | 6 |
November 2024 | 7 |
November 2024 | 2 |
November 2024 | 5 |
November 2024 | 3 |
November 2024 | 1 |
November 2024 | 4 |
November 2024 | 1 |
November 2024 | 11 |
November 2024 | 2 |
November 2024 | 2 |
November 2024 | 19 |
November 2024 | 13 |
November 2024 | 4 |
December 2024 | 23 |
December 2024 | 7 |
December 2024 | 10 |
December 2024 | 6 |
December 2024 | 6 |
December 2024 | 7 |
December 2024 | 8 |
December 2024 | 5 |
December 2024 | 16 |
December 2024 | 13 |
December 2024 | 6 |
December 2024 | 5 |
December 2024 | 7 |
December 2024 | 8 |
December 2024 | 46 |
December 2024 | 5 |
December 2024 | 4 |
December 2024 | 9 |
December 2024 | 10 |
December 2024 | 5 |
December 2024 | 7 |
December 2024 | 11 |
December 2024 | 7 |
December 2024 | 8 |
December 2024 | 5 |
December 2024 | 12 |
December 2024 | 8 |
December 2024 | 9 |
December 2024 | 11 |
December 2024 | 9 |
December 2024 | 10 |
December 2024 | 16 |
December 2024 | 5 |
December 2024 | 9 |
December 2024 | 5 |
December 2024 | 7 |
December 2024 | 2 |
December 2024 | 14 |
December 2024 | 28 |
December 2024 | 9 |
December 2024 | 9 |
December 2024 | 17 |
December 2024 | 2 |
January 2025 | 13 |
January 2025 | 10 |
January 2025 | 2 |
January 2025 | 1 |
January 2025 | 1 |
January 2025 | 1 |
January 2025 | 5 |
January 2025 | 1 |
January 2025 | 4 |
January 2025 | 5 |
January 2025 | 7 |
January 2025 | 14 |
January 2025 | 3 |
January 2025 | 1 |
January 2025 | 6 |
January 2025 | 23 |
January 2025 | 3 |
January 2025 | 2 |
January 2025 | 7 |
January 2025 | 7 |
January 2025 | 7 |
January 2025 | 19 |
January 2025 | 11 |
January 2025 | 1 |
January 2025 | 1 |
January 2025 | 8 |
January 2025 | 3 |
January 2025 | 1 |
January 2025 | 3 |
January 2025 | 9 |
January 2025 | 12 |
January 2025 | 1 |
January 2025 | 1 |
January 2025 | 2 |
January 2025 | 18 |
January 2025 | 6 |
January 2025 | 7 |
January 2025 | 6 |
January 2025 | 9 |
January 2025 | 8 |
January 2025 | 5 |
January 2025 | 8 |
January 2025 | 18 |
February 2025 | 17 |
February 2025 | 7 |
February 2025 | 10 |
February 2025 | 4 |
February 2025 | 5 |
February 2025 | 17 |
February 2025 | 4 |
February 2025 | 2 |
February 2025 | 11 |
February 2025 | 17 |
February 2025 | 2 |
February 2025 | 11 |
February 2025 | 5 |
February 2025 | 2 |
February 2025 | 116 |
February 2025 | 9 |
February 2025 | 10 |
February 2025 | 9 |
February 2025 | 10 |
February 2025 | 9 |
February 2025 | 11 |
February 2025 | 3 |
February 2025 | 3 |
February 2025 | 9 |
February 2025 | 11 |
February 2025 | 3 |
February 2025 | 7 |
February 2025 | 3 |
February 2025 | 12 |
February 2025 | 5 |
February 2025 | 12 |
February 2025 | 2 |
February 2025 | 40 |
February 2025 | 8 |
February 2025 | 50 |
February 2025 | 5 |
February 2025 | 9 |
February 2025 | 5 |
February 2025 | 15 |
February 2025 | 5 |
February 2025 | 7 |
February 2025 | 28 |
March 2025 | 6 |
March 2025 | 14 |
March 2025 | 1 |
March 2025 | 4 |
March 2025 | 4 |
March 2025 | 4 |
March 2025 | 3 |
March 2025 | 2 |
March 2025 | 6 |
March 2025 | 7 |
March 2025 | 4 |
March 2025 | 2 |
March 2025 | 5 |
March 2025 | 9 |
March 2025 | 40 |
March 2025 | 5 |
March 2025 | 1 |
March 2025 | 4 |
March 2025 | 9 |
March 2025 | 12 |
March 2025 | 5 |
March 2025 | 5 |
March 2025 | 1 |
March 2025 | 9 |
March 2025 | 2 |
March 2025 | 2 |
March 2025 | 4 |
March 2025 | 4 |
March 2025 | 3 |
March 2025 | 9 |
March 2025 | 11 |
March 2025 | 6 |
March 2025 | 2 |
March 2025 | 7 |
March 2025 | 7 |
March 2025 | 13 |
March 2025 | 4 |
March 2025 | 2 |
March 2025 | 9 |
March 2025 | 14 |
April 2025 | 8 |
April 2025 | 2 |
April 2025 | 13 |
April 2025 | 5 |
April 2025 | 3 |
April 2025 | 1 |
April 2025 | 1 |
April 2025 | 4 |
April 2025 | 2 |
April 2025 | 3 |
April 2025 | 4 |
April 2025 | 4 |
April 2025 | 7 |
April 2025 | 1 |
April 2025 | 3 |
April 2025 | 5 |
April 2025 | 4 |
April 2025 | 4 |
April 2025 | 2 |
April 2025 | 1 |
April 2025 | 8 |
April 2025 | 6 |
April 2025 | 1 |
April 2025 | 1 |
April 2025 | 2 |
April 2025 | 3 |
April 2025 | 7 |
April 2025 | 10 |
April 2025 | 4 |
April 2025 | 1 |
April 2025 | 7 |
April 2025 | 1 |
April 2025 | 2 |
April 2025 | 4 |
April 2025 | 6 |
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