
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Health promotion, health equity, and action on the determinants of health: an introduction Health promotion, health equity, and action on the determinants of health: an introduction
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‘Health promotion’: a definition and conceptual critique ‘Health promotion’: a definition and conceptual critique
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Health promotion as a process Health promotion as a process
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Beliefs and assumptions underlying health promotion Beliefs and assumptions underlying health promotion
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Enabling and empowerment Enabling and empowerment
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What is the ‘health’ in health promotion? What is the ‘health’ in health promotion?
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The Ottawa Charter strategies The Ottawa Charter strategies
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The Ottawa Charter action areas The Ottawa Charter action areas
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Building healthy public policy Building healthy public policy
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Creating supportive environments Creating supportive environments
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Strengthening community action Strengthening community action
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Developing personal skills Developing personal skills
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Reorienting health services Reorienting health services
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Health promotion: history and influences Health promotion: history and influences
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Health education Health education
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Public health Public health
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Politics and philosophy in public health and epidemiology Politics and philosophy in public health and epidemiology
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Social movements Social movements
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Health promotion, health inequities, and social justice Health promotion, health inequities, and social justice
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The political economy of health promotion The political economy of health promotion
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Social theory and health promotion Social theory and health promotion
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The Health in All Policies movement The Health in All Policies movement
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Complexity, context, and causality in health promotion research Complexity, context, and causality in health promotion research
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Acknowledgements Acknowledgements
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References References
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6.4 Health promotion, health education, and the public’s health
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Published:November 2021
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Abstract
Health promotion is a complex, ambiguous concept and set of practices. While many have linked it, primarily, to a revolution in health education, its roots go much deeper into the history of public health. It had its contemporary beginnings in the throes of the backlash against bureaucratic and professional dominance exemplified by the new social movements of the 1970s and 1980s. At its heart, health promotion is centred on the values and principles of equity, participation, and empowerment. These concepts are embedded in health promotion’s founding document, the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. However, exactly how these values are articulated is often ambiguous. In this chapter, the authors contend that health promoters must intensify their reflection on these core values and principles; particularly in the light of the tendency to slip back into a comfortable paternalism, which reinforces existing power imbalances. We are specifically concerned with the precise interpretation of health equity in health promotion.
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