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Population Heterogeneity, State Dependence, and Gang Involvement Population Heterogeneity, State Dependence, and Gang Involvement
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Individual Differences and Gang Membership Individual Differences and Gang Membership
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Low Self-Control Low Self-Control
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Psychopathy Psychopathy
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Antisocial Personality Disorder Antisocial Personality Disorder
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Behavioral Disorders: Conduct Disorder (CD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) Behavioral Disorders: Conduct Disorder (CD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
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Emotional Intelligence and Empathy Emotional Intelligence and Empathy
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Genetics Genetics
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Low Self-Esteem Low Self-Esteem
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Moral Disengagement Moral Disengagement
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Intelligence Intelligence
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Charting Directions Forward Charting Directions Forward
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Note Note
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References References
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20 Birds of a Feather? Individual Differences and Gang Membership
Get accessJennifer J. Tostlebe, PhD, University of Nebraska Omaha
Jose Antonio Sanchez, MS, University of Colorado Boulder
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Published:23 January 2024
Cite
Abstract
Gang membership has a robust relationship with crime and violence, leading scholars to take an interest in examining the sources of gang joining. One understudied line of inquiry is individual differences, which are rank-order or time-stable characteristics that vary between people. One reason for this lack of attention is the debate around whether researchers should examine individual differences at all. This chapter takes stock of studies conducted on individual differences and gang joining to determine their relevance for research. First, the chapter provides an overview of the state dependence and population heterogeneity perspectives for gang joining. Next, it reviews research conducted on 11 individual differences spanning 50 studies and the authors determine that research at the individual level is ultimately worth pursuing. However, conclusions must be interpreted with caution due to neglected theorizing on the relationship, lack of longitudinal research, and minimal empirical studies conducted. Finally, the chapter charts directions for future research on this topic.
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