Oxford Handbook of Science and Medicine in the Classical World
Published online:
10 July 2018
Published in print:
29 August 2018
Online ISBN:
9780199984657
Print ISBN:
9780199734146
Contents
End Matter
Index
-
Published:July 2018
Annotate
Cite
'Index', in Paul T. Keyser, and John Scarborough (eds), Oxford Handbook of Science and Medicine in the Classical World, Oxford Handbooks (2018; online edn, Oxford Academic, 10 July 2018), https://doi.org/, accessed 10 May 2025.
Subject
Classical Studies
Series
Oxford Handbooks
Collection:
Oxford Handbooks Online
Index
- Adrastus458
- Aëtius of Amida375, 556, 559, 569, 574, 590, 775, 965, 966, 972–974, 975, 976, 977, 978, 979, 980, 983, 985, 1015
- Ambrosius of Puteoli706
- anatomy63, 72, 100, 217–218, 223–226, 229, 361, 366, 368, 369, 372, 373, 375, 377, 485, 496, 500–503, 527, 574, 575, 604, 693, 767, 771, 772, 773, 775, 776, 777, 778, 780, 968, 981, 1017, 1018, 1019, 1021
- animals56, 160, 218, 229, 238, 239, 240, 243, 249–254, 297, 337, 338, 345, 351, 360, 365, 368, 411, 413, 435–436, 437, 439, 440, 463–467, 470, 473, 477, 478, 486, 495, 526, 529, 641, 656, 657, 660, 669–671, 672, 674, 681, 687, 688, 690, 699, 703, 706, 715, 730, 745, 747–749, 750, 753, 754, 759, 830, 837–838, 839, 841, 857, 901, 904, 905, 991, 1028
- Apicius545
- Apollonius of Pergē271, 272–273, 275, 276, 278, 281, 284, 285, 286, 287, 289, 295, 794, 801, 802, 806, 832, 834, 872, 880, 881, 882, 883, 885, 889, 890, 1009
- Archimedes120, 272, 275, 277, 278, 279, 280, 282, 287, 289, 319, 338, 339, 341, 346, 347, 352, 353, 355, 356, 360, 500, 506, 596, 598–600, 660, 665, 799, 832, 872, 875, 880, 882, 885, 1005, 1009
- Archytas149, 152–154, 160, 164, 171, 177, 179, 180, 181, 182, 186–187, 189, 191–192, 275, 352, 451, 453, 454, 457, 461, 493, 494, 596, 607
- Aristotle3, 4, 5, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 153, 160, 164, 165, 167, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 182, 185, 186, 187, 188, 211–212, 215, 216, 222, 223, 228, 235–256, 262, 264, 265, 275, 289, 300, 304, 305, 307, 310, 311, 316, 317–318, 328, 337, 338, 339, 340, 346, 347, 354, 355, 356, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 389, 413, 417, 419, 420, 421, 423, 424, 431, 433, 434, 439, 440, 443, 451, 453, 456, 463, 466, 467, 475, 477, 482, 483, 485, 486, 487, 489–491, 492, 494, 499, 504, 505, 511–512, 593, 597, 599, 604, 609, 617, 656, 672, 674, 677, 679, 684, 685, 686, 687, 690, 691, 728–731, 733, 744–750, 752, 753–754, 758, 770, 774, 777, 779, 791, 792, 806, 808, 811, 820, 821, 825, 826, 831, 832, 837, 838, 839, 840, 841, 842, 848, 849, 851, 852, 853, 854, 856, 857, 858, 859, 860, 862, 863, 864, 880, 895–920, 923, 932, 946, 947, 948, 949, 951, 952, 953, 956, 957, 958, 959, 981, 982, 1004, 1005, 1009, 1030
- arithmetic14, 20, 30, 31, 54, 66, 90, 111, 164, 165, 171, 172, 174, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 189, 192, 260, 274, 277, 284, 285, 288, 293, 297, 303, 308, 338, 388, 400, 450, 456, 461, 605, 659, 766, 803, 817, 818, 821, 822, 831, 833, 834, 859, 876, 878, 880, 882, 884, 885, 886, 887, 888, 891, 988, 997, 998, 999, 1001, 1002, 1005, 1006, 1008
- Arius Didymus (doxographer)688
- Artemidorus of Sidē (doctor)376
- Artemidorus (astronomer)834
- Āryabhaṭa92
- Asclepiades of Bithynia374, 376, 378, 530, 547, 602, 617, 625, 638–641, 643, 645, 667, 701–704, 771, 773, 777
- astrology2, 25, 26, 32, 35, 67, 130, 131, 138, 288, 293, 295, 298, 301, 302, 305, 308, 309, 310, 311, 381–408, 649, 681, 694, 736, 738, 751, 789, 806, 810–812, 820, 832, 871, 873–874, 951, 982, 990, 996, 999
- astrology, horary382–383
- astronomy2, 17, 21, 25–34, 35, 61–70, 90–91, 92, 129–143, 147, 150, 154, 155–157, 158, 159, 171–194, 195, 202, 211, 247, 259, 260, 261, 263, 284, 287, 289, 293–314, 322, 323, 338, 385, 387, 395, 424, 453, 461, 465, 474, 493, 494, 498, 507, 593, 594, 597–600, 603, 605, 606, 622, 627, 656, 659, 660, 669, 673, 682, 692, 694, 790–806, 808, 810, 817, 821, 822, 823, 831, 832, 833, 849, 850, 851, 859, 861, 864, 869–894, 916, 922, 948, 982, 988, 990, 996, 999, 1002, 1005, 1008, 1009
- Athenaeus of Naucratis (author of Dinnertable Philosophers, aka Dons at Dinner, aka Partying Professors)260, 349, 355, 373, 375, 376, 441, 453, 459, 467, 477, 531, 546
- atoms161, 246, 261, 263, 264, 265, 267, 395, 420, 423, 488, 491, 492, 616, 617, 622, 624, 625, 627, 628, 629, 638, 657, 773, 832, 840
- Augustine of Hippo395, 397, 605, 659, 674, 864, 988, 991, 997–1001, 1002, 1003, 1008, 1009, 1010, 1014, 1016, 1017, 1018, 1021
- Āyurveda95–104
- Bhāskara92
- Book of Nut63–64
- Brahmagupta92
- breath (compare also “pneuma”)39, 96, 97, 102, 151, 152, 218, 220, 254, 265, 337, 362, 364, 522, 601, 616, 628, 642, 684–688, 689, 706, 779–780
- bronze77, 134, 179, 205, 342, 345, 349, 358, 373, 417, 418, 419, 484, 507, 556, 557, 568, 572, 574, 596, 598, 724, 726, 730, 731, 817, 909, 958, 960
- canon(ical) and canonicity3–4, 16, 31, 85–86, 96, 108–111, 129–130, 225, 272–274, 276, 283, 381–382, 389, 433–434, 455, 474, 616, 620, 658, 659, 666, 775–776, 778, 780, 781, 783, 784, 785, 829–830, 834, 870–872, 888, 889, 896, 901, 917, 987, 998–999, 1009
- Caraka-saṃhitā97–101
- (M. Porcius) Cato390, 441, 463, 467, 470–471, 473, 475, 600–601, 602, 611, 657, 662, 667, 668, 669, 670, 673, 968, 1004, 1025
- (A. Cornelius) Celsus (medical writer: contrast Apuleius Celsus, above)218, 359, 360, 363, 366, 370, 371, 372, 376, 470, 474, 478, 533, 547, 556, 558, 559, 562, 563, 565, 566, 567, 568, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 576, 588, 590, 638, 655, 660, 666–668, 672, 700, 702, 707, 708, 772, 966, 968, 969, 987, 1015
- Censorinus, pseudo (Epitoma disciplinarum)994–997
- Chrysippus of Soli282, 423, 424, 498, 499, 500, 509, 678, 679, 680, 681, 682, 683, 686, 688, 690, 693, 694, 695, 696, 754, 774
- (M. Tullius) Cicero237, 259, 261, 266, 309, 328, 329, 371, 386, 389, 390, 394, 395, 438, 474, 596, 598, 599, 602, 603, 604, 616, 618, 627, 628, 629, 630, 631, 659, 664, 665, 667, 669, 670, 675, 678, 679, 685, 699, 700, 752, 758, 810, 830, 1009
- colors25, 39, 133, 134, 135, 238, 248, 252, 264, 397, 410, 411–414, 416, 417, 418, 420, 421, 423, 454, 473, 481, 482, 484, 485, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 495, 496, 504, 505, 507, 528, 536, 545, 546, 548, 593, 644, 710, 713, 724, 728, 733, 751, 753, 754, 757, 771, 816, 817, 835, 852, 904, 945, 947, 949, 950, 952, 954, 957, 959
- (L. Iunius) Columella463, 464, 469, 470, 471, 473, 474, 475, 477, 478, 594, 609, 611, 656, 657, 658, 660, 661, 662, 667, 669–671, 672, 673, 725, 1009, 1010, 1025
- constellations28, 29, 61–62, 63, 64–65, 66, 132–135, 141, 178, 300, 307, 311, 386, 387, 395, 396, 403, 473, 475, 596, 598, 603, 831
- constellations132–135
- cosmology32, 91, 112, 140–142, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152–153, 159–161, 164–165, 185, 196–197, 202, 219, 244–245, 381, 382, 388–389, 453, 593, 602, 660, 671, 675, 682, 789, 806–809, 831, 832, 922, 932–933, 951, 959, 990, 996
- Democritus161, 172, 183, 210, 211, 218, 222, 226, 257, 264, 300, 301, 367, 419, 420, 423, 452, 466, 472, 473, 475, 477, 482, 485, 487–488, 489, 491, 492, 493, 494, 530, 593, 609, 612, 627, 629, 669, 777, 943
- diagnosis36–38, 42, 74, 100, 101, 367, 549, 640, 646, 648, 649, 650, 752, 757, 775, 780, 784, 810, 948, 981, 1023
- Diagnostic and Predictive Series38–41
- Didymus (writer on music: contrast Arius Didymus, above)458
- Diodorus of Tarsus932
- Diodorus the Empiricist371
- Diogenes Laërtius149, 183, 185, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 315, 317, 363, 369, 371, 376, 378, 379, 491, 492, 493, 498, 609, 615, 619, 621, 622, 623, 677, 681, 682, 683, 685, 686, 688, 692, 744, 746, 754, 1002
- Dioscorides of Anazarbus37, 365, 416, 519–542, 551, 667, 711, 712, 713, 714, 732, 816, 836, 926, 966, 969, 972, 1009, 1020, 1026
- Dioscorides “Phakas,”372–373
- Dioscurides ⇒ Dioscorides
- diseases38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101–103, 152, 163, 215, 218, 220, 223, 224, 225, 228, 229, 236, 250, 261, 262, 362, 363, 365, 366, 368, 369, 370, 374, 376, 405, 409, 467, 478, 520, 521, 529, 548, 549, 551, 555, 556, 558, 562, 566, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 576, 594, 623, 625, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 645, 647, 649, 650, 652, 663, 665, 691, 693, 699, 702, 756, 757, 760, 767, 770, 771, 772, 773, 775, 780, 781, 782, 783, 784, 785, 812, 842, 973, 975, 976, 981, 1015, 1020, 1021, 1022
- dyes409, 411–414, 417, 418, 421, 423, 424, 490, 648, 713, 723, 724, 725, 726, 738, 944, 947, 949, 950, 952, 954
- eclipses25, 27, 31, 66, 90, 91, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 139, 140, 157, 175, 176, 184, 211, 258, 298, 303, 309, 310, 382, 388, 447, 454, 495, 597–600, 799, 804, 808, 809, 813, 834, 839, 861
- elements (of matter)102, 155, 160, 161–162, 164, 190, 202, 228, 237, 238, 239–245, 246, 247, 251, 265, 307, 418–424, 547, 594, 597, 616, 617, 641, 642, 685, 686, 688, 693, 754, 756, 769, 771, 773, 775, 777, 778, 782, 783, 784, 789, 791, 792, 809, 811, 819, 820, 831, 832, 839, 840, 859–862, 901, 904, 906–908, 909, 917, 949, 950, 951, 952, 971, 981, 989, 996
- Empedocles149, 163, 177, 215, 217, 218, 238, 246, 347, 356, 420, 481, 485–486, 487, 488, 489, 498, 499, 608, 616, 686, 777, 839, 981
- Empiricists261, 263, 359–360, 361, 365–367, 368, 369, 370–372, 373, 377–379, 395, 547, 638, 640, 642, 643, 648, 649, 650, 659, 766, 771–773
- encyclopedias, –pedism91, 306, 438, 468–469, 520, 655–676, 725, 775, 830–832, 875, 891, 965–986, 987–1012, 1015, 1021, 1023
- Epicurus of Samos (philosopher)4, 257–268, 410, 423, 424, 491–493, 498, 530, 615–635, 677, 678, 691, 754, 838, 839
- Epicurus of Pergamon (Empiricist doctor)377–378
- Erasistratus4, 72, 252, 359–361, 363–365, 366, 369–370, 375–377, 501, 535, 547, 601, 641, 693, 699, 770–771, 780, 781
- Eratosthenes120, 186, 200, 205, 212, 285, 288, 318–322, 323, 324, 326, 327, 329, 330, 331, 332, 441, 457, 599, 600, 603, 607, 796, 813, 814, 824, 833, 835, 922
- Euclid19, 20, 171, 172, 173, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 189, 190, 261, 272, 281, 284, 285, 288, 312, 319, 322, 338, 353, 456, 496–499, 500, 502, 504, 505, 506, 508, 607, 789, 816, 817, 832, 833, 851, 852, 871, 873, 875, 877, 879–880, 881, 882, 883, 884, 885, 889, 890, 995, 996, 997, 1005, 1006, 1009
- Eudemus of Pergamon (mathematician)271
- Eudemus of Rhodes (student of Aristotle)171–172, 175, 178, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 275, 593
- Eudoxus of Cyzikos327–328
- Eudoxus of Knidos157–158, 176, 182, 186, 187, 189, 211–212, 261, 263, 279, 296, 301, 305, 311, 312, 317, 327, 433, 434, 475, 599, 805, 806, 824
- Eudoxus of Rhodes (paradoxographer)438
- evolution51, 142, 238, 243, 265, 272–274, 284, 409, 446, 465, 593, 608, 629, 829, 838, 839, 849, 860, 890, 899, 979, 988, 989, 997
- experiment37, 38, 42, 152, 179, 349, 354, 360, 364, 366, 443, 451, 458, 459, 460, 471–472, 473, 474, 502, 504, 507, 604, 661, 665–666, 694, 726, 735, 736, 737, 765, 778, 780, 817–818, 821, 836, 865, 959
- fractures74, 76, 100, 224, 225, 227, 344, 376, 563, 566, 567, 568, 569, 699, 706, 708, 767, 785, 982
- Galen3, 72, 75, 217, 218, 224, 227, 228, 346, 360, 361, 362, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 376, 377, 378, 379, 389, 392, 393, 406, 417, 423, 474, 482, 499, 500–503, 504, 519, 520, 523, 525, 526, 531, 536, 537, 543, 544, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 555, 556, 558, 564, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 574, 576, 593, 617, 625, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 644, 645, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 664, 667, 680, 683, 689, 690, 691, 693, 694, 695, 696, 699, 700, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 710, 711, 754, 755, 756, 757, 758, 765–788, 829, 830, 841, 842, 914, 934, 966, 968, 969, 970, 971, 972, 973, 975, 976, 977, 978, 980, 981, 982, 983, 1009, 1013, 1014, 1015, 1017, 1020, 1022, 1026, 1027, 1028, 1030
- geography56, 195–213, 298, 308, 315–335, 436, 441, 521, 603, 606, 607, 660, 671, 692, 694, 789, 812–816, 823, 824, 831, 835, 870, 874, 921–942, 988, 989–991, 993, 994, 1016
- gynecology38, 219, 220, 222, 224, 228, 229, 363, 368, 369, 375, 376, 527, 574–577, 601, 639, 640, 641, 647, 701, 973, 977, 1017, 1024
- harmonics131, 134, 138, 139, 147, 148, 154, 171, 179, 180, 191, 438, 446, 450, 452–461, 604, 789, 820, 821, 832, 841, 859, 873, 996, 1006
- Herodotus of Halikarnassus38, 172, 196, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206–210, 211, 218, 219, 221, 248, 250, 310, 315, 325, 386, 418, 431, 434, 476, 527, 558, 835, 922
- Heron of Alexandria20, 277, 284, 288, 290, 338, 340, 341, 342, 343, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 354, 356, 357, 571, 587, 824, 833, 842, 871, 875, 887, 888
- Herophilus4, 72, 74, 252, 359, 360, 361–363, 364, 365, 366, 367–369, 372–375, 501, 693, 699, 770, 771, 980, 982
- Hierocles (Neoplatonist)944
- Hierocles (Stoic)689
- Hipparchus277, 282, 283, 296, 301, 308, 310, 311–312, 317, 322–324, 331, 354, 355, 387, 441, 792–793, 794–795, 799–800, 802, 803, 804, 805, 813, 823, 834, 835, 842, 871, 872, 873, 922
- Hippocrates of Chios (mathematician and astronomer)20, 153–154, 171–172, 178, 180, 183, 184, 185, 186–189
- Hippocrates of Kos (doctor)3, 215–232, 344, 360, 362, 364, 366, 367, 368, 372, 373, 377, 392, 415, 484, 499, 501, 502, 543, 544, 545, 547, 550, 555, 569, 570, 575, 639, 642, 689, 690, 691, 693, 694, 697, 700, 701, 704, 754, 755, 757, 765, 767, 769, 774, 775, 777, 779, 780, 784, 785, 786, 830, 841, 951, 965, 968, 973, 982, 1009, 1022, 1026, 1027–1028, 1030
- Iamblichus288, 494, 610, 847, 848, 855, 859, 862, 863, 870, 871, 873, 874, 879, 880, 882, 884, 887, 889, 890, 898, 903, 907, 912, 914, 945, 1002
- instruments (measuring)131, 134, 135, 141, 304, 340, 342, 352, 394, 598–600, 789, 795–799, 806, 813, 819, 824, 861–862, 872
- kerotakis732–733
- latitude158, 207, 211, 289, 316, 318, 319, 320–322, 323, 327, 350, 354, 400, 600, 603, 666, 796, 797, 803, 804, 805, 807, 812–816, 824, 923
- magic42, 43, 71–72, 73, 75, 76, 96, 149, 163, 200, 388, 396, 464, 469, 476, 477, 478, 601, 603, 650, 658, 672–673, 707, 714, 723, 725, 726, 735, 759, 831, 1020, 1022, 1024, 1028, 1030
- maps, of earth (compare “periplous, periploi”)176, 196, 197, 202, 203, 204, 205–206, 207, 210, 211, 248, 320–322, 812–816, 824, 923, 925–926, 935–937, 993
- mathematics2, 11–24, 49–60, 83–94, 107–128, 147, 148, 152, 153–154, 158, 160, 171–194, 237, 246, 259, 263, 269–292, 295, 312, 319, 322, 323, 338, 339, 388, 393, 447, 450, 456, 458, 692, 694, 766, 789, 791, 821, 832–834, 841, 842, 849, 851, 859, 864, 869–894, 922, 948, 951, 982
- melothesia393
- Mercury (the planet)91, 138, 150, 156, 157, 178, 300, 401, 403, 404, 405, 599, 606, 802, 807, 808, 809, 811, 916, 1001–1003
- meteorology211–212, 238, 241–242, 243, 247–248, 259, 263, 305, 317, 320, 382, 386, 392, 419, 421, 422, 475, 494–496, 506, 623, 660, 669, 694, 728–731, 806, 831, 840, 901, 903, 906, 947, 948, 951, 952, 953, 957, 958, 990
- Methodism373, 379, 393, 395, 473, 547, 637–644, 647, 648–650, 704, 767, 771, 773, 782, 972, 1021, 1023
- models (of natural world)1, 2, 28–29, 30, 66, 90, 157, 158, 176, 246, 254, 261, 263, 267, 293, 343, 387, 397, 409, 418–424, 447, 481, 483, 485, 487, 499, 692, 704, 731, 792–795, 806, 822–824, 873
- Moderatus of Gades (contrast Columella, above)609
- moon11, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 61, 62, 64, 66, 88, 90, 129, 130, 131, 135, 137, 139, 140, 142, 150, 155–158, 159, 165, 171, 176, 177, 178, 179, 184, 185, 211, 239, 244, 247, 248, 285, 298, 301, 303, 305, 309, 310, 312, 355, 373, 381, 386, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 465, 495, 597, 598, 599, 606, 607, 610, 673, 692, 739, 790, 791, 792, 798, 799–801, 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 811, 813, 822, 823, 839, 862, 916
- Moscow Mathematical Papyrus54
- music4, 115, 137, 151–152, 154, 159, 160, 164, 165, 179, 180, 191, 208, 260, 299, 445–462, 544, 605, 606, 620, 659, 675, 694, 755, 820–821, 831, 832, 833, 859, 951, 954, 955, 988, 998, 999, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1005, 1006, 1008, 1009
- observations1, 21, 25, 26, 31, 32, 42, 44, 50, 62, 65, 71, 74, 76, 91, 96, 129, 130, 132–137, 138, 154–155, 157, 176, 178, 179, 186, 202, 206, 225, 237, 240, 245, 250–251, 254, 297–298, 305, 317, 349, 386, 393, 394, 395, 415, 431, 442, 470, 473, 475, 519, 520, 521, 524, 531, 544, 546, 547, 594, 626, 638, 639, 640, 649, 659, 694, 703, 705, 747, 750, 756, 760, 770, 773, 778, 790, 795–799, 803, 804, 805, 813, 823, 839, 860, 861, 862, 874, 901, 902, 908, 916, 921, 923, 927, 929–930, 975, 993, 998
- Olympiodorus of Alexandria (Neoplatonist)727, 732, 737, 755, 850, 898, 902, 903, 911, 920, 943, 945, 946, 947–951, 953, 955, 956, 957, 958, 960, 961
- Olympiodorus of Thebes (historian)928
- Oribasius of Pergamum361, 369, 375, 376, 546, 552, 556, 563, 564, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 572, 574, 775, 965, 966, 969–972, 973, 974, 975, 976, 977, 978, 979, 980, 1015, 1019, 1021, 1027
- Pappus272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 282, 284, 285, 287, 289, 870, 871, 872, 874, 875, 876, 877, 879, 881, 882, 883, 884, 885, 886, 888, 889, 890
- periplous, periploi (compare “maps, of earth”)200, 201, 203, 204, 211, 213, 324–326, 343, 437, 874, 924, 933–935, 993
- Peutinger Table (map)936–937
- pharmacy (compare also “herbals”)36, 37, 73–77, 100, 308, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 375, 376, 377, 393, 519–553, 555, 602, 699–720, 767, 768, 776, 784, 835, 836, 966, 967, 968, 971, 973, 976, 977, 1017, 1019, 1020, 1028
- Philolaus148, 149–152, 153, 159, 160, 164, 165, 177, 178, 180, 185, 186, 191, 216, 447, 448, 449, 450, 452, 454, 456, 599
- Philoponus862, 864, 866, 870, 880, 887, 896, 898, 902, 903, 905, 906, 907, 908, 909, 910, 911, 913, 915, 916, 918, 932, 933
- Philostorgius927
- Phylotimus546
- physics178, 183, 187, 188, 238–244, 245–246, 257, 258, 259, 275, 289, 338, 345–347, 382, 389, 393, 401, 456, 460, 464, 493, 616–618, 620, 622, 624, 679, 682, 683, 686, 687, 730, 731, 777, 792, 811, 821, 833, 841, 849, 851, 859–863, 895, 896, 897, 898, 899, 900, 901, 902, 903–917, 981, 996
- physiology73, 74, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101–103, 155, 216, 217, 219, 220, 223, 224, 229, 250, 253, 360, 362, 363, 365, 366, 369, 374, 375, 377, 435, 445, 481, 483, 484, 489, 496, 501, 519, 529, 535, 624, 625, 638, 641, 642, 686, 693, 703, 716, 748, 753, 756, 765, 770, 771, 776, 778, 779, 780, 782, 835, 991, 994, 1019, 1021
- planets25–32, 35, 64–65, 67, 90–91, 129–132, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142, 150–152, 155–157, 157–158, 165, 176, 177, 178, 179, 185, 243, 244, 261, 289, 295, 298, 300–301, 304–305, 307, 309, 337, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388–389, 390, 391, 394, 397, 398, 400, 401–404, 454, 598–600, 606, 688, 736, 739, 790, 791, 792, 801–804, 806–809, 810–812, 813, 821, 822, 824, 832, 834, 860, 861, 862, 890, 904, 906, 916, 917, 923
- Plato3, 4, 5, 147–148, 153, 154–157, 158, 159–165, 179, 182, 185, 189, 190, 191–192, 215–216, 220, 222, 227, 235–237, 242–243, 251, 262, 264, 265, 266, 300, 310, 326, 389, 390, 419, 420, 424, 446, 451, 457, 460, 482, 483, 484, 485, 488–489, 492–494, 499, 504, 597, 599, 604, 609–610, 627, 629, 677, 679, 680, 682, 683, 684–685, 686, 687, 690, 691, 692, 693, 723, 751–755, 757, 758, 769–770, 774, 777, 806, 808, 820, 829–830, 831–832, 838–839, 840–841, 848–850, 851–856, 858–859, 859–860, 862–863, 873, 899–900, 903, 905, 907–908, 911, 912, 914, 915–916, 948, 949, 951–952, 953, 957, 959, 965, 975, 981, 1005, 1021
- Pliny (the Elder)218, 302, 305–310, 317, 318, 324, 326, 329, 340, 348, 349, 365, 368, 371, 372, 375, 376, 386, 413, 415, 416, 419, 422, 423, 438, 439, 463, 467, 468, 469, 471, 475, 476, 477, 519, 520, 521, 525, 527, 531, 533, 534, 545, 551, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 600, 601, 602, 605, 606, 639, 648, 649, 650, 656, 657–658, 659, 660, 661, 665, 667, 668, 669, 670, 671, 671–674, 675, 700, 707, 708, 709, 710, 714, 715, 724, 725, 732, 746, 813, 830, 831, 835, 836, 838, 960, 968, 984, 987, 988, 991, 993, 1014, 1015, 1020, 1022, 1028
- pneuma (compare also “breath”)220, 240, 248, 252, 288, 337, 340, 362, 364, 365, 370, 484, 489, 499–500, 500–503, 641–642, 683, 684–688, 689–691, 695, 738, 770–771, 773, 779–780, 820, 840, 945, 952, 954
- Porphyry391, 460, 499, 549, 609, 623, 752, 838, 840–841, 847–849, 852, 853, 854, 859, 864, 865, 874, 895, 897–898, 902, 907, 913, 983, 1009
- Posidonius of Apamea (and later Rhodes)212, 261, 303, 304, 317, 327–328, 331, 333, 385, 390, 599, 629, 678, 679, 681, 683, 691, 692, 694–695, 696, 753, 754, 792, 813, 824, 923, 969
- predict(ions), prognosticate2, 25, 26, 28–29, 30–32, 38–41, 90, 137, 175, 297–298, 301, 304–305, 310, 311, 382, 384, 385, 386–387, 388, 390, 392, 398, 403, 405, 424, 598, 599, 603, 610, 744, 751, 756, 799, 800, 802, 805, 810
- Priscus of Panion929
- Proclus183, 184, 190, 261, 269, 272, 273, 274, 287, 755, 789, 795, 822, 847, 849, 850, 851, 852, 854, 855, 856, 857, 860, 861, 862, 863, 864, 865, 871, 873, 874, 875, 877, 879, 880, 883, 884, 889, 890, 895, 898, 899, 903, 907, 908, 911, 912, 915, 916, 917, 932, 944, 982
- prognosis36, 74, 100, 217, 218, 223, 224, 225, 392, 548, 550, 639, 643, 645, 646, 648, 650, 651, 744, 751, 755–758, 760, 768, 775, 780, 784, 785, 969, 971, 981, 982
- proofs18–20, 57–58, 87, 89–90, 117–120, 147, 153, 172–175, 180–184, 186–189, 270, 276–283, 286, 451, 455, 472, 494, 503, 616, 789, 802, 860, 885–887, 888, 904
- Ptolemy (astronomer and mathematician)26, 30, 66, 186, 272, 284, 289, 293, 294, 295, 323, 333, 382, 383, 385, 386, 387, 388, 393, 395, 397, 398, 400, 401, 402, 453, 454, 457, 458, 459–461, 482, 497, 499, 503–508, 593, 789–828, 829, 832, 834, 841, 842, 861, 871, 873, 874, 877, 878, 879, 882, 884, 885, 886–887, 889, 890, 916, 917, 923, 924, 925, 935, 982, 1005, 1006, 1009
- Ptolemies (Greek rulers of Egypt)66, 71, 319–320, 324, 325, 327, 359–360, 361, 363, 367, 368, 372–373, 375, 723, 724, 960–961
- pulse (medical)74, 252, 360, 362, 365, 367, 368, 370, 372–374, 648, 650, 695, 770, 771, 775, 780, 784, 785, 981, 982, 1027
- Pythagoras147–149, 150, 151, 164–165, 172, 174, 176, 177–184, 184–186, 211, 218, 300, 450, 451, 594, 595–596, 596–597, 597–600, 600–603, 604–608, 608–610, 669, 752, 754, 755, 829, 832, 833, 841, 848, 873, 877, 1005, 1006
- Pythagoreans149–151, 153, 164–165, 177–184, 184–186, 189, 191, 215, 218, 307, 447, 450, 451, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 483, 489, 499, 594, 595–596, 596–597, 597–600, 603–604, 604–608, 608–610, 611, 662, 725, 755, 808, 821, 831, 833, 841, 848, 849, 853, 854, 902, 1006
- rhetoric54, 55, 216, 222, 227, 236, 260, 272, 299, 349, 461, 470, 602, 604, 605, 617, 620, 639, 643, 644, 646, 656, 659, 671, 744, 745, 747, 750, 758–760, 833, 849, 871, 874, 876–877, 878, 884, 888, 896, 898, 915, 927, 928, 930, 951, 988, 991, 997, 998, 999, 1001, 1002, 1008, 1009
- Rhind Papyrus54
- (L. Annaeus) Seneca, the younger331, 423, 424, 555, 615, 616, 622, 630, 631, 664, 669, 678, 679, 680, 696, 911, 937, 988
- Simplicius157, 265, 275, 289, 294, 303, 304, 355, 504, 509, 789, 849, 850, 860, 862, 863, 870, 895, 896, 898, 900, 901, 902, 904, 905, 906, 907, 908, 909, 910, 911, 912, 913, 914, 915, 916, 917, 956, 975
- simultaneous linear equations113–114
- Soranus44, 222, 368, 369, 370, 373, 376, 555–556, 576, 639–640, 647, 701, 773, 966, 969, 973, 1015, 1020–1021, 1023, 1024–1025, 1030
- soul64, 148, 159, 160, 163, 165, 178, 239, 240, 253, 262, 265, 266, 307, 362, 363, 376, 389, 390, 391, 396, 419, 457, 481, 482, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 494, 499, 500, 508, 550, 597, 611, 617, 623, 624, 625, 628, 638, 681, 683, 684, 685, 686, 687–688, 689–691, 693, 694, 731, 736, 738, 744, 745, 746, 748, 749, 751, 753, 755, 756, 757, 758, 759, 760, 766, 769, 780, 812, 819–820, 821, 839, 840, 841, 848, 849, 850, 851, 852, 853, 854, 858–859, 860, 861, 863, 873, 890, 897, 900, 906, 912, 914, 915, 951, 955, 982, 983, 999, 1003
- star clocks62–63
- stars26, 27–28, 29, 31, 61–66, 129–137, 139, 140, 141–142, 150, 155–157, 159, 176–177, 178, 179, 185, 211, 239, 243, 244, 247, 251, 297, 298, 299, 301, 307, 309, 310, 337, 381, 383, 384, 385, 386, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392–393, 394, 395, 396, 403, 465, 475, 598, 599, 606, 610, 649, 727, 736, 739, 792–793, 797, 804, 805, 809, 810, 824, 831, 832, 839, 860, 861, 862, 874, 890, 904, 906, 916, 922, 996, 999
- Strabo26, 200, 205, 295, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328–329, 329–331, 331–333, 373, 375, 441, 674, 683, 813, 814, 835, 922, 923, 924, 925, 960
- sun11, 26, 29, 31, 32, 42, 62, 64, 65, 90–91, 129–130, 132, 133, 135, 136, 137, 138–140, 140–142, 150, 154, 156–157, 158, 159, 160, 165, 175, 176–177, 178, 179, 184, 185, 208, 243–244, 247–248, 261, 285, 300–301, 302–305, 307, 309, 310, 312, 316, 324, 381, 386, 391, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 474, 492, 493, 494, 495, 498, 500, 506, 532, 597–600, 605, 606, 607, 626–627, 674, 687, 727, 790, 791, 792–795, 795–796, 798, 799–800, 802, 804, 805, 806–809, 811, 813, 822, 835, 836, 839, 854, 856, 857, 861–862, 916–917, 922, 948
- surgery72, 73, 76, 98, 99, 100, 224, 225, 229, 363, 367, 369, 370, 371, 372, 375, 533, 535, 536, 537, 555–590, 601, 640, 646, 651, 666, 667, 699, 701, 706, 707, 714, 767, 785, 965, 966, 967, 968, 971, 973, 977, 1022, 1030
- tables (mathematical and astronomical)14, 15, 30, 31–32, 53, 54, 58, 63, 67, 131, 132, 136, 139–140, 284, 385, 387–388, 397, 398, 458, 459, 460, 461, 475, 803, 804, 821, 824, 834, 874, 879, 885, 886, 887, 900, 944, 951, 982
- tetraktys148–149
- Theon of Alexandria (Neoplatonist)284, 289, 496, 795, 804, 824, 871, 874, 877, 879, 880, 881, 882, 884, 885, 886, 887, 889, 951, 982
- Theophrastus of Eresos (philosopher)177, 219, 235, 236, 317, 328, 359, 363, 413, 417, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 433, 435, 436, 437, 439, 455, 463, 467, 470, 472, 475, 476, 477, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 491, 495, 519, 523, 524, 530, 532, 534, 536, 753, 912, 944, 946
- transmutation2, 162, 410, 722, 723, 725, 726, 728–731, 733, 734, 735, 736, 944, 945, 949–950, 952, 953, 954, 957, 960, 961
- tubes (alchemical, optical, surgical, etc.)44, 134, 140, 347, 348, 495, 557, 570–574, 575, 584, 585, 732
- unusual celestial phenomena (including comets, meteors, etc.)25, 130–131, 137, 185, 247, 298, 309, 391, 417, 831, 948
- (M. Terentius) Varro of Reate329, 371, 438, 439, 463, 464, 467, 468, 470, 471, 472, 473, 475, 476, 477, 594, 600, 602, 604–608, 655, 656, 657, 659, 661–663, 669, 673, 674, 675, 830, 832, 842, 968, 1003, 1011, 1025
- (P. Terentius) Varro of Narbo, aka “Atax,”603
- veins (compare “arteries”)241, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 487, 501, 563, 601, 703, 770, 771, 775, 778, 779, 780
- Vettius Valens (politician)705
- Vindonius Anatolius (agronomist: contrast Anatolios, mathematician and bishop, above)469, 471–472, 478
- Vitruvius289, 299–302, 304, 305, 308, 309, 329, 339, 341, 344, 352, 386, 387, 413, 415, 423, 493, 594, 597, 656, 657, 658, 659, 660, 662, 663–666, 669, 813
- void142, 161, 205, 263–264, 267, 360, 364, 395, 420, 488, 558–559, 616, 622, 625, 627, 628, 629, 777, 862
- Zeno (Byzantine Emperor)383
- Zeno of Citium (founder of Stoic school)183, 500, 509, 677, 678, 681, 682, 686, 689, 693, 696, 754, 838
- Zeno of Verona (bishop)396
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