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Jordan M Eder, Patrick J Gorden, John D Lippolis, Timothy A Reinhardt, Randy E Sacco, Lactation stage impacts the glycolytic function of CD4+ T cells during ex vivo activation, The Journal of Immunology, Volume 200, Issue Supplement_1, May 2018, Page 59.35, https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.Supp.59.35
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Abstract
Dairy cattle undergo dynamic physiological changes during pregnancy and lactation. The impact of these physiological changes on the immune system can, at times, leave the animal more susceptible to infection with specific pathogens. While research has shed light on periods of increased susceptibility to infection, the impact of the stage of lactation on immune cell function remains to be completely elucidated. We have examined the impact of stage of lactation on CD4+T cells. We focused on how their metabolic function may be altered during this period. During activation T lymphocytes increase the uptake of glucose and metabolically reprogram to support aerobic glycolysis instead of oxidative phosphorylation, the pathway favored during their resting state. Our ex vivo studies compare the effects of activation on metabolic function of CD4+T cells from dairy cattle across multiple stages of lactation. Results show dampened glycolytic function in early lactation stages. Glycolytic and mitochondrial function were analyzed using the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Cattle in early and mid-lactation, defined as 21–70 days in milk (DIM) and 71–150 DIM, respectively, have a decreased rate of glycolysis and reduced maximum glycolytic capacity in contrast to cattle in late lactation (151–330 DIM) and those that have been dried off and are pre-parturient. Mitochondrial results were comparable between the groups, suggesting no compensation of energy via the mitochondria in early and mid-lactation cows. CD4+T cells from dairy cattle in early and mid-lactation have decreased metabolic function as measured by glycolytic and mitochondrial respiration in contrast to those in late lactation or in the dry period.
