https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3047-3138
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) on oxidative stress biomarkers in adults(＞18 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted.
Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from 1 January 2000 to 15 August 2024. Biomarkers included peroxidants (malondialdehyde (MDA) and others) and antioxidants (superoxide dismutase (SOD)), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (TAC)).
Results
Among 1,976 patients with T2DM in 26 RCTs of GLP-1 RAs and 1,124 patients with T2DM in 17 RCTs of SGLT2Is, significant reductions in serum MDA concentrations (-1.75, CI: -2.38 to -1.12, P < 0.001; -0.88, CI: -1.62 to -0.13, P = 0.020, respectively) and significant increases in serum SOD concentrations (1.75, CI: 1.12 to 2.37, P < 0.001; 1.25, CI: 0.51 to 1.98; P < 0.001, respectively) and GSH-Px concentrations (1.78, CI: 0.8 to 2.75, P < 0.001; not significant for SGLT2Is: 0.87, CI: -0.22 to 1.96, P = 0.12) were observed compared to diabetes treatment or placebo groups. A positive correlation was found between serum MDA and BMI in patients with T2DM treated with GLP-1 RAs (r = 0.791, P < 0.05) or SGLT2Is (r = 0.924, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
This meta-analysis provides clear evidence of clinically relevant significant antioxidative stress effects of GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2Is, potentially guiding their precise clinical application.
Accepted manuscriptsAuthor notes
Huannan Wei and Lingyu Ye contributed equally to this work.
