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K. J. RYAN, Z. PETRO, Steroid Biosynthesis by Human Ovarian Granulosa and Thecal Cells, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 26, Issue 1, 1 January 1966, Pages 46–52, https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-26-1-46
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The separation of granulosa cells from thecal elements of the human ovarian follicle has been described. The 2 cell types were incubated in vitro with progesterone-4-14C and pregnenolone-7-3H. Steroid metabolites were isolated with each of the cell types and crystallized to constant specific activity. In the granulosa experiment, pregnenolone-7-3H was converted to progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and estrone, and progesterone-4-14C was converted to 17-hydroxyprogesterone and estrone. In the theca experiment pregnenolone-7-3H was converted to progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione and estradiol, and progesterone-4-14C was converted to the last 3 compounds. The conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone was much more active with the granulosa than the theca, while indications of an alternate pathway via Δ5 compounds were more apparent with thecal cells.