A method for the estimation of progesterone2 in human peripheral blood is described. After converting progesterone to 20β-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one, the monochloroacetate derivative of this compound is prepared. Nanogram amounts of the derivative can be estimated using electron capture detection following gas-liquid chromatography. The precision of the method ranges from 10 to 40% for samples containing less than 0.01 μg progesterone, from 10 to 15 % for samples containing more than 0.01 μg, and may be as high as 5 to 6 % for samples containing 0.1 μg or more. Plasma progesterone values for normal male subjects ranged from <0.015 to 0.048 μg/100 ml (14 individuals, mean: 0.028 μg/100 ml). The progesterone values found in plasma of normal women varied throughout the cycle between <0.015 and 0.11 μg/100 ml (mean: 0.049 μg/100 ml, 10 samples) from the day of onset of menstruation to the 22nd day before onset of menstruation of the next cycle, <0.015–0.42 μg/100 ml (mean: 0.13 μg/100 ml, 10 samples) from day 21 to 15 before onset of menstruation, 0.79–2.06 μg/100 ml (mean: 1.52 μg/100 ml, 12 samples) from day 14 to 8 before onset of menstruation and 0.10–1.79 μg/100 ml (mean: 0.71 μg/100 ml, 10 samples) from day 7 to 1 before onset of menstruation.

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