
Contents
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From Republic to Monarchy From Republic to Monarchy
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From Authoritarian to Power-Sharing Monarchy From Authoritarian to Power-Sharing Monarchy
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A Monarchist Constitution, 1814–1840 A Monarchist Constitution, 1814–1840
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Incremental Reform: The 1840 Constitution Incremental Reform: The 1840 Constitution
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Breakthrough Reform: The 1848 Constitution Breakthrough Reform: The 1848 Constitution
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A Failed Kingship A Failed Kingship
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A Queen Rowing Against the Tide A Queen Rowing Against the Tide
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Entrenching Constitutional Monarchy: Post-war to Present Entrenching Constitutional Monarchy: Post-war to Present
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Codifying the New Realities: The 1983 Constitution Codifying the New Realities: The 1983 Constitution
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The Monarch in Contemporary Dutch Democracy The Monarch in Contemporary Dutch Democracy
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The King as Head of State The King as Head of State
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Special Arrangements and Privileges Special Arrangements and Privileges
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The Future of the Dutch Monarchy: A Research Agenda The Future of the Dutch Monarchy: A Research Agenda
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References References
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6 Monarchical Politics in the Netherlands
Get accessPaul Bovend’Eert, Professor at the Department of Constitutional Law, Radboud University
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Published:23 January 2025
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Abstract
Coming on the heels of a long republican history, the constitutional monarchy that came into being after the end of French occupation was originally marked by a strong position for the king in government. The first monarch, King William I (1814–1840), conducted a personal, authoritarian regime. Constitutional reforms in 1840 and especially 1848 then opened the way to a parliamentary democracy in the Netherlands. The centre of power gradually moved to the prime minister and cabinet ministers and to parliament. Yet, the position of the king in Dutch government remained relatively strong for a long time, even as the establishment of a parliamentary democracy was completed early in the twentieth century. Queen Wilhelmina (1898–1948) exercised strong influence, particularly over the government in exile during the Second World War. A modern constitutional monarchy within a system of a parliamentary democracy was vested during the reign of Queen Juliana (1948–1980), and confirmed in the 1983 constitution.
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