
Contents
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The Founding Years (1958–1961) The Founding Years (1958–1961)
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Strategic Autonomy as a Main Driver of French Military Space (1975–1995) Strategic Autonomy as a Main Driver of French Military Space (1975–1995)
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A Seminal Period that Helped Set the Scene for Autonomy and Cooperation in Military Space A Seminal Period that Helped Set the Scene for Autonomy and Cooperation in Military Space
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The Narrow Path toward a New Strategy for a New Space Security: Combining National and European Positioning (from 2008 to Today) The Narrow Path toward a New Strategy for a New Space Security: Combining National and European Positioning (from 2008 to Today)
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The 2019 French “Space Defense Strategy” The 2019 French “Space Defense Strategy”
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Autonomy and Cooperation: A Specifically French “Referential” for Yesterday and Tomorrow? Autonomy and Cooperation: A Specifically French “Referential” for Yesterday and Tomorrow?
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References References
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20 French Space Security in Historical Perspective: Balancing Strategic Autonomy and Cooperation
Get accessXavier Pasco is the Director of the Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (FRS) and the European Editor of the international academic review Space Policy.
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Published:22 February 2024
Cite
Abstract
The third country to orbit a satellite using a domestic launcher, France has been quick to recognize the strategic value of a national space effort. A product of the 1960s, the Gaullist years, the French space program has been propelled by the perception of its prime importance for defense and security by key national players. The development and consolidation of a national deterrence force at the time created the background that made the military space effort a natural element of a policy based on the principle of strategic autonomy. This explains the priority given to independent access to space as well as the high level of investment devoted by France to military Earth observation satellites as compared to its European neighbors. This chapter attempts to better assess how much the international environment marked both by the post-war period but also by the necessities of European construction, has helped craft the balance between national autonomy and cooperation and how it has become a traditional feature of the French military space program.
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