
Contents
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1 Infant, Child, and Adolescent Development and the Law: Intersections, Interactions, and Influences
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Characteristics of Old Age and End of Life for Older Adults Characteristics of Old Age and End of Life for Older Adults
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Risks and Conditions Risks and Conditions
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Cognitive Decline Cognitive Decline
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Older Adults and End of Life Older Adults and End of Life
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Principles Undergirding End-of-Life Planning Principles Undergirding End-of-Life Planning
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Autonomy Autonomy
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Beneficence Beneficence
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Nonmaleficence Nonmaleficence
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Justice Justice
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Evolution of End-of-Life Decision Making in the United States Evolution of End-of-Life Decision Making in the United States
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Seminal and Precedent-Setting Legal Decisions on End of Life Seminal and Precedent-Setting Legal Decisions on End of Life
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Selected State and Federal Laws Selected State and Federal Laws
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Death With Dignity Laws Death With Dignity Laws
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The Patient Self-Determination Act The Patient Self-Determination Act
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Surrogate Consent Laws Surrogate Consent Laws
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Guardians and Emergent Situations in Health Care Guardians and Emergent Situations in Health Care
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Mechanisms for End-of-Life Planning Mechanisms for End-of-Life Planning
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Advance Directives Advance Directives
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Durable Do-Not-Resuscitate Order Durable Do-Not-Resuscitate Order
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POLST/MOLST POLST/MOLST
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Perspectives From Research Concerning End-of-Life Planning Documents Perspectives From Research Concerning End-of-Life Planning Documents
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Defining Advance Care Planning Defining Advance Care Planning
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The Call for Better End-of-Life Care The Call for Better End-of-Life Care
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Prevalence of Advance Care Planning Prevalence of Advance Care Planning
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The Role of Communication in the Uptake of Advance Care Planning The Role of Communication in the Uptake of Advance Care Planning
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COVID-19 and Its Impact on Advance Care Planning COVID-19 and Its Impact on Advance Care Planning
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Actors and Organizations in the Right-to-Die Movement Actors and Organizations in the Right-to-Die Movement
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Jack Kevorkian Jack Kevorkian
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Brittany Maynard Brittany Maynard
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National Organizations Dedicated to End-of-Life Issues National Organizations Dedicated to End-of-Life Issues
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Telemedicine and Its COVID-19 Diffusion Telemedicine and Its COVID-19 Diffusion
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Challenges With Implementing Telemedicine Challenges With Implementing Telemedicine
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Directions for the Future and Conclusion Directions for the Future and Conclusion
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References References
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28 Ethical Considerations and Ramifications of Advance Care Planning and End-of-Life Decision Making for Older Adults
Get accessPamela B. Teaster is Professor and the Director of the Center for Gerontology at Virginia Tech. She is the North American Representative of the International Network for the Prevention of Elder Abuse, is Immediate Past President of the Board of Trustees for the Center for Guardianship Certification, and serves on the editorial boards of the Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect and the Journal of Trauma, Violence, and Abuse Review. Dr. Teaster is a Fellow of the Gerontological Society of America and the Association for Gerontology in Higher Education and is a recipient of the Isabella Horton Grant Award for Guardianship (National College of Probate Judges), the Rosalie Wolf Award for Research on Elder Abuse (NAPSA), the Outstanding Affiliate Member Award (Kentucky Guardianship Association), and the Distinguished Educator Award (Kentucky Association for Gerontology). Former President of the National Committee for the Prevention of Elder Abuse, she has received continuous funding for over 20 years from public and private sources. Her areas of scholarship include the abuse of elders and vulnerable adults, guardianship, end-of-life decision making, ethical treatment of older adults, and public policy and public affairs. She has published over 200 scholarly articles, reports, and book chapters and is the editor/author of six books.
E. Carlisle Shealy is the Assistant Director at the Center for Gerontology at Virginia Tech. She completed her graduate education at Virginia Tech, earning her Master of Public Health in 2017 and a PhD in Environmental Design and Planning in 2021. While completing her PhD she also earned the Graduate Certificate in Gerontology. Her doctoral research explored the relationship between neighborhood design and walkability to understand the preferences of older adults in senior living communities. Dr. Shealy has a deep interest in end-of-life decision making and surrogate decision making, specifically in rural areas. She has recently contributed to projects on elder abuse, advance care planning, and the exploration of diversity and inclusion among older women of faith.
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Published:18 December 2023
Cite
Abstract
In the 1970s, the advance care planning movement gained momentum, reacting to improvements in medical technology allowing patients in life-limiting situations to survive longer than ever before. Ethical questions arose about end-of-life care and laws to address them. The United States continues to wrestle with treatment for dying patients related to treatment and quality of life. Against this landscape, the purpose of this chapter is to discuss how features of old age influence end-of-life and advance care planning. The chapter begins by characterizing old age and end of life, discussing ethical principles and the evolution of end-of-life decision making. Following, it considers mechanisms for end-of-life planning, including surrogate decision-making laws and guardianship for emergent health care situations. The chapter reviews ten years of research on advance care planning and introduces the diffusion of telemedicine. It concludes with questions yet to be resolved and how research, practice, and policy can help answer them.
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