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Diagnosis Diagnosis
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The vicissitudes of subjective methods The vicissitudes of subjective methods
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Semistructured clinical interviews Semistructured clinical interviews
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Structured and computer-aided structured interviews Structured and computer-aided structured interviews
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Statistical prediction rules Statistical prediction rules
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Prognosis and Treatment Prognosis and Treatment
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Controlled experiments: The basics Controlled experiments: The basics
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Methodological issues Methodological issues
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What is the proper way to measure the “effectiveness” of a therapy? What is the proper way to measure the “effectiveness” of a therapy?
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What is a placebo for talk therapy? What is a placebo for talk therapy?
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Are placebos morally justified? Are placebos morally justified?
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For many disorders, therapy is more effective than no-treatment controls For many disorders, therapy is more effective than no-treatment controls
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For many disorders, therapy works quickly For many disorders, therapy works quickly
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Why does therapy work? Why does therapy work?
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Long-term benefits Long-term benefits
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CONCLUSION CONCLUSION
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References References
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60 Diagnostic Prediction and Prognosis: Getting from Symptom to Treatment
Get accessMichael A. Bishop, Department of Philosophy, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
J. D. Trout (PhD, Philosophy, Cornell University) is a professor of philosophy and psychology at Loyola University in Chicago. His books include Measuring the Intentional World (Oxford University Press, 1998), Epistemology and the Psychology of Human Judgment (with Michael Bishop; Oxford University Press, 2005), and The Empathy Gap (Viking/Penguin, 2009). His research has been supported by NSF, NEH, and Mellon grants, and his articles have appeared in Philosophy of Science, Psychological Review, Law & Philosophy, and Speech Communication.
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Published:05 September 2013
Cite
Abstract
Psychiatric diagnosis and prognosis is fraught with important philosophical and conceptual problems. This chapter focuses on some epistemological issues (What evidence justifies the belief that a course of treatment is effective?) and moral issues (What is a just distribution of scarce psychiatric resources given the many people with psychiatric conditions whose suffering could be alleviated with treatment?) that arise in contemporary psychiatric practice. It examines various clinical and actuarial techniques for psychiatric diagnosis, ordered very loosely in terms of how "structured" or "automated" they are (or, put another way, ordered according to how much freedom the individual clinician has in carrying out the diagnostic method). The chapter makes the case for assessing psychiatric treatments with controlled experiments, raises several epistemological dangers that arise from relying on uncontrolled investigations, and considers some of the unique methodological and ethical issues that arise when trying to assess talk therapy.
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