
Contents
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I. Harm and Its Limits I. Harm and Its Limits
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A. Meaning of Harm A. Meaning of Harm
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B. Limits to Harm B. Limits to Harm
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II. Manifestations of Harm II. Manifestations of Harm
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A. Inmate Misconduct A. Inmate Misconduct
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1. Definition of Inmate Misconduct 1. Definition of Inmate Misconduct
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2. Prevalence of Misconduct 2. Prevalence of Misconduct
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3. Predictors of Misconduct 3. Predictors of Misconduct
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B. Physical Victimization B. Physical Victimization
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1. Definition of Physical Victimization 1. Definition of Physical Victimization
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2. Prevalence of Physical Victimization 2. Prevalence of Physical Victimization
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3. Predictors of Physical Victimization 3. Predictors of Physical Victimization
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C. Sexual Victimization C. Sexual Victimization
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1. Definition of Sexual Victimization 1. Definition of Sexual Victimization
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2. Prevalence of Sexual Victimization 2. Prevalence of Sexual Victimization
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3. Predictors of Sexual Victimization 3. Predictors of Sexual Victimization
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D. Consequences of Harm D. Consequences of Harm
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III. General Model of Harm III. General Model of Harm
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A. Assumptions A. Assumptions
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B. The Market for Harm B. The Market for Harm
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1. Demand to Harm 1. Demand to Harm
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2. Supply of Victims 2. Supply of Victims
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3. Predicting and Preventing Harm 3. Predicting and Preventing Harm
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IV. Conclusion IV. Conclusion
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Notes Notes
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References References
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14 A General Model of Harm in Correctional Settings
Get accessNancy Wolff PhD, an economist and distinguished professor, is the director of the Bloustein Center for Survey Research and former director of the Center for Behavioral Health Services & Criminal Justice Research (NIMH funded from 2002-2014) at Rutgers University. Since 1995, she has increasingly focused on public policies and justice practices that influence the incarceration and rehabilitation of justice-involved people. Her work has focused on the prevalence of trauma among incarcerated men and women and its effective treatment. Dr. Wolff spends two days a week at prisons in Pennsylvania and New Jersey teaching and leading reading and skill-building groups. She is the founder of Books Behind Bars, a prison-based literacy program, for which she received a Russell Berrie Award for Making a Difference in 2008.
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Published:03 August 2016
Cite
Abstract
The literature on inmate “harm” and inmate victimization within prison settings is reviewed with emphasis on the prevalence, predictors, and consequences associated with inmate misconduct, physical victimization, and sexual victimization in prison. The degree of overlap between “offenders” and “victims” is also discussed. The relevance of considering both inmate and facility characteristics for a more comprehensive understanding of both violent and property victimization is underscored. The potential impact of victimization on inmates’ feelings of safety is also covered. Strategies for preventing victimization and their limitations (e.g., protective custody, administrative segregation, disciplinary custody, prison transfers) are reviewed. A dyadic model of harm is developed that draws on routine activities theory and rational choice theory, to more clearly and systematically predict the effects of harm- and victim-propensity attributes of incarcerated people and correctional facilities on levels of harm.
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