Index

Note: Tables, figures, and notes are indicated by t, f, and n.

ABA. See applied behavior analysis

ABAI. See Association for Behavioral Analysis, International

abbreviated progressive muscle relaxation (APMR)270–73, 272 See also progressive muscle relaxation

ABBT. See acceptance-based behavioral therapies

ABCBP. See American Board of Cognitive and Behavioral Psychology

ABCT. See Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies

abdominal (diaphragmic) breathing275, 367

ABPP. See American Board of Professional Psychology

Abrams, D. B.219

abstinence218, 219, 222, 225

abstraction. See selective abstraction

academic demand, FA and404

acceptance179, 293, 296, 300
cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy with173–80
radical38
specific phobias and303

acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)18, 19, 30, 38, 47
addictive behaviors188
BPD188
clinical strategies180–82
in context173–74
depression187
empirical support186–89
experiential avoidance174–75
health outcomes, other188–89
history of179
values clarity, lack of175–76
weight and physical activity188
in workplace/stigma189

acceptance-based behavioral therapies (ABBT)173, 192.  See also acceptance and commitment therapy; See also dialectical behavior therapy; See also generalized anxiety disorder; See also integrative behavioral couples therapy; See also mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
change mechanisms with189–90
effectiveness, dissemination, and implementation191–92
GAD and180, 183–85
moderators190–91
treatment to ethnically and economically diverse populations191

acceptance-based emotion regulation, PDs449

ACT. See acceptance and commitment therapy

ACTION program234, 257, 371

activating events (A’s), REBT144–45, 145f, 149

Adams, C.446

addictive behaviors188, 218.  See also relapse; See also relapse prevention; See also substance abuse

ADHD. See attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Adler, Alfred144

Adolescent Coping with Depression372

adolescents. See children

Adroin, S. P.83

adults, CBT in older
anxiety352–53
arthritis354
cardiac conditions354
cognitive disorders355–56
depressed and “useless,” Mrs. P351–52
diabetes354–55
future directions357–58
general considerations350–51
insomnia354
limited utilization of CBT356–57
medical issues, other355
medical populations353
mental disorders, prevalence in349–50
mental health conditions, other353
mental health disorders351–56
religion and350
across settings356

adults, obesity treatment with430

Affective Reconstructive Marital Therapy396

age
generational influences and35
treatment delivery, age-appropriate365

aggression406.  See also anger
in children366, 368, 372–74, 445
couples therapy with violence or intimate partner391

agoraphobia122, 132, 136, 299, 300, 393

Agras, W. S.105, 241

agreements54, 80, 89, 91, 386

Albano, A. M.370

alcohol
couples therapy and alcohol abuse392
relapse prevention217, 219–20, 223, 224

all-or-none (black versus white) thinking119, 368

alone, FA and404

Alzheimer’s disease243, 273, 355

American Academy of Cognitive and Behavioral Psychology29

American Board of Cognitive and Behavioral Psychology (ABCBP)1, 29, 31

American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP)28, 29, 30, 31, 41

American Psychiatric Association291, 392, 453

American Psychological Association (APA)28, 29, 30, 31, 187, 363, 364, 470

American Sign Language15

The American Psychological Society (APS)31

anarchism22–23

Andersen, B. L.321

anger153
aggression366, 368, 372–74, 391, 406, 445
REBT versus CT147–48
relapse prevention and221

ANS. See autonomic nervous system

antecedents
control89–90
function-based antecedent intervention408–10
manipulation408
variables72

antidepressants, MBCT and186

antisocial439t, 448
behavior50, 373
PDs442, 444, 445, 447, 451–53, 455

anxiety48, 153, 187, 210, 237
Beck Anxiety Inventory240
CBT and99, 292–93, 297, 352–53, 487–89
systematic desensitization and46, 303

anxiety disorders. See also agoraphobia; See also generalized anxiety disorder; See also obsessive-compulsive disorder; See also panic disorder; See also post-traumatic stress disorder; See also social anxiety disorder; See also specific phobias
in children369–70, 376
combination strategies for489
combination treatment for484–85
couples therapy393
fear structures, pathological97
future directions306–7
iB’s and153
pharmacotherapy, CBT, and487–89
in populations291–92
RCTs and99
relapse prevention and221

Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule238

APA. See American Psychological Association

APMR. See abbreviated progressive muscle relaxation

applied behavior analysis (ABA)30, 32, 79
behaviors, establishing new83–85
data in80–81
ID with402, 407, 412, 414
interventions39–40, 85–92
principles81–83

APS. See The American Psychological Society

arbitrary inference (jumping to conclusions)119–20

Arean, P.410

Arntz, A.448

arthritis273, 351, 352, 353, 354, 357, 420

A’s. See activating events, REBT

Asia32, 312, 334, 338

Asperger’s disorder410, 411

assessment. See also behavioral assessment, FA
ABA85–92
BA methods237–43
behavioral34–35
behavior therapy9
cultural competency469–70
FAI403
FBA402–4
functional approach to intervention and85–92
functional competencies in33–36
goodness-of-fit framework to guide471–73, 472f
LAVA232, 235, 238, 257
MAS403
physiologic34–35
stimulus preference412

Assessment of Competency Benchmarks Workgroup28, 30

Association for Behavioral Analysis, International (ABAI)32

Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies (ABCT)29, 31

Association for Behavior Analysis29

Association of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies1

Association of Behavior and Cognitive Therapies29

Atkins, D. C.384

attachment theory443–44

attention
attentional bias302, 303
attention-maintained challenging behaviors405–6
inflexible175

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)88
in children374–75
medication and374–75, 486
studies374

attention modification
situation and296–98, 300
specific phobias303

Attwood, T.410

Ault, M. H.403

Aurelius, Marcus (121–180BCE)144

Australia138, 307

autism10, 89, 91, 406, 409, 410, 411

autobiographical recall122, 305

autoclitics, verbal behavior15

autogenic training36

automatically reinforced challenging behaviors404, 407

automatic reinforcement85, 403

automatic thoughts18, 21, 119, 147f, 316
automatic thought record124–27, 128f
“levels” of cognition123, 352

autonomic nervous system (ANS)12, 267

avoidance50, 239, 297, 299, 305, 440t
ACT and174–75
avoidant problem solving68, 69
experiential48, 174–75, 178
GAD and cognitive292–93
TRAP strategy234, 235, 243, 257

Avoidant Personality Disorder124

awfulizing146, 147, 147f, 148

Axis I disorders209, 320, 392, 441

BA. See behavioral activation

BACB. See Behavior Analyst Certification Board

Bach, P.187

BADS. See Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale

Baer, D. M.79, 402, 413, 414

Bailey, J. S.80, 81

Baker, L.410

Baldwin, S. A.396

Ball, S. A.448

Bandura, Albert38, 144

Barbato, A.392

bariatric surgery, obesity and421

Barker, L. M.39

Barlow, D. H.63, 104, 241, 300

Barratt, S.330

Barron, P.153

Barrowclough, C.353

Bartholomew, K.443, 444

Bartley, W. W.21

Basoglu, M.485

BATD. See behavioral activation treatment

Bateman, A.449

Baucom, D. H.384, 385, 387, 389, 390, 393

Bauman, K. E.404

Bayes Theorem57

Bazerman, C.23–24

Beck, Aaron T.17–18, 37, 38, 138, 145, 323, 389, 442
cognitive restructuring and368
CT and118, 146–49, 147f, 177
with depression, cognitive model46
depression theory and176, 179
influence of144, 368
schemas and146

Beck, Judith17–18

Beck Anxiety Inventory240

Beck Depression Inventories239

Beck Depression Inventory—II49, 121, 133

Beck Hopelessness Scale121, 133–34

Beck Initiative137

behavior. See also acceptance-based behavioral therapies; See also applied behavior analysis; See also cognitive and behavioral psychology; See also cognitive and behavioral therapies; See also cognitive-behavioral therapy; See also dialectical behavior therapy; See also functional behavioral assessment; See also integrative behavioral couples therapy; See also rational emotive behavior therapy
addictive188, 218
antisocial50, 373
behavioral assessment34–35, 44, 55
behavioral constriction178
behavioral contingencies, children and CBT369
behavioral contract89, 91
behavioral dyscontrol, DBT208–9
behavioral experiments and cognitive restructuring130–31
behavioral theory231–32
challenging405–7, 409
children and disruptive153, 372–74
covert18, 34
CRBs19, 39
differential reinforcement with87–89
disorders45–48, 50
eating70, 419, 421, 425
emotions and18
experimental analysis of12–14
exposure therapy and109–10
with function-based consequence intervention404–7, 405f
nonverbal12, 15
NSSIs210
obesity and modification of423–24
operant behavior13
overt3, 18, 19, 34, 40, 202, 209, 229–30, 233, 236–38, 241–43, 370, 442
problems48–51
QABF403
radical behaviorism9, 11–12, 48, 173
rationality principle with21
recording and observing80
rule-governed16
schizophrenia and healthy222
SIB210, 404, 405, 407
thought and179
topographical analysis of52
verbal12, 14–16, 25, 2

behavioral activation (BA)18, 19, 30, 38, 135
ACTION234, 257, 371
anxiety exposure and237
assessment methods237–43
BA and BATD, in comparison235–36
BA or Washington BA233–34, 243
BATD232, 242, 243, 257
BATD or Morgantown BA234–35, 243
behavioral avoidance and activation239
behavioral interventions, efficacy244t, 255t
behaviors amenable to action236–37
in context229–30
depression239
environmental reward240
FAP and239
functional assessment242–43
historical context230–32
LAVA232, 235, 238, 257
observational methods241–42
pleasant and unpleasant events240–41
research, future directions256–57
research, treatment outcome243–56
self-report measures and239, 242
strategies232–37
TRAC and TRAP strategies234, 235, 243, 257
unstructured and structured interviews237–39

Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS)239–40

behavioral activation treatment (BATD)232, 234–36, 242, 243, 257

behavioral assessment, FA44
behavior problems, conditional and varying50–51
causal functional relationships with53–57
clinical case diagrams, integrating information57–60
functional analysis, defined51–52
hypothetico-deductive method49–50, 49f
learning theories and45–48
topographical analysis, context52–53, 53t

behavioral family therapy (BFT)392

Behavioral Inhibition and Behavioral Activation Scale (BIS/BAS)240

Behavioral Marital Therapy (BMT)388

behavioral skills training (BST)84–85

Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB)29, 32

behavior therapy47
assumptions or properties of8–9
cognitive and behavioral psychology and30
defined2, 7–8
historical background10
with “micro-communities,”25

Behrens, B. C.390

beliefs. See also thoughts
intermediate beliefs123–24, 127, 129f, 147f
negative134, 167, 292, 316, 331, 371
OCD and dysfunctional294–95
questionnaires124, 442, 447
REBT and144, 145, 145f, 146, 147f, 148, 150–54, 151f

Belloiu, A.154

Benish, S. G.306, 467, 468

Benson, H.281

Benuto, L.23

Berg, C. A.393

Berlin20

Bernard, M. E.37

Bernstein, D. A.36

Bernstein, Douglas271

BFT. See behavioral family therapy

Bhar, S. S.442

bias74, 298, 333, 444, 469, 475
attentional302, 303
cognitive63, 67, 281, 292, 299, 302

Bieschke, K. J.33

Bijou, S. W.403

Bilek, L. A.153

billiard-ball example, cause and53, 54

binary model, of emotions153–54

biofeedback36

Biondi, M.485

biopsychosocial approach32, 68

biosocial theory203

bipolar disorder. See disorders

BIS/BAS. See Behavioral Inhibition and Behavioral Activation Scale

Bishop, M. R.413

Blackburn, R.442

black versus white thinking. See all-or-none thinking

Block, J.187

Blomhoff, S.105

blood pressure34, 36, 303, 429

BMT. See Behavioral Marital Therapy

body10, 188.  See also brain; See also obesity
ANS12, 267
APMR270–73, 272t
biofeedback36
“Body Drawing” activity365, 367
body mass index419, 420, 421, 429, 430
Body Scan exercise181
breathing273–77, 367
fear of bodily sensations with PD299
fight-or-flight response and266, 300
interoceptive exposure and96, 103–4, 112, 300, 353
natural selection and12, 13
physiologic assessment34–35
PMR267–70, 270t, 367

Bolton, E.485

Bontempo, A.489

borderline439t, 443

borderline personality disorder (BPD)35, 188, 200, 203, 204

Borderline Personality Disorder Severity Index (BPDSI-IV)448

Borkovec, T. D.36, 48, 292–93

Borkovec, Thomas271

Borkovec, Tom180

Bouchard, S.111

Bowden, A.36

Bowen, S.223

Bowlby, J.443

Boyd, J. L.392

BPD. See borderline personality disorder

BPDSI-IV. See Borderline Personality Disorder Severity Index

brain12, 35, 36, 268.  See also memories
automatic thoughts18, 21, 119, 123–27, 128f, 147f, 316, 352
brain overload, overcoming166
brainstorming principles70
neuroimaging9–10, 17, 282
physiological and cognitive mechanisms281–82
stress and266–67

BRAVE-ONLINE program376

Bray, J. H.394, 396

breathing
empirical support276–77
history273–74
techniques275–76
types of274, 275, 367

Brown, G. K.442

Brown, R. A.231

Brownell, K. D.422

Bruchey, A. K.108

BST. See behavioral skills training

Buber144

Buis, T.177

Bulik, C. M.393

Burch, M. R.80, 81

Burghardt, N. S.488

Butler, A. C.136

Butler, L. R.409

Calam, R.35, 63

Call, N. A.83

Campbell, D. T.49, 50

Campbell, I. M.146

Cannon, Walter B.266

cardiac conditions34, 277, 354, 420

care68, 163, 322, 356
caregivers334, 335
with psychotic disorders and family interventions334–36
stepped care112

Carhart, V.47, 55

Carlson, A. J.267

Carlson, J. I.409

Carr, E. G.406

Carroll, K. M.220

Cash, T. E.153

Casselles, C.23

Castro, F. G.223

CAT. See cognitive analytic therapy

catastrophizing (magnification of the negative)120–21, 424

causal functional relationships53–57

causal inference55t, 56t

causal variables, behavior problems and50

cause49, 53, 54

CBAS. See Cognitive-Behavioral Avoidance Scale

CBT. See cognitive-behavioral therapy

C&BT. See cognitive and behavioral therapies

CBT conceptualization. See cognitive-behavioral therapy conceptualization

CCOPP. See Council of Credentialing Organizations in Professional Psychology

CCTC30

CDs152, 280, 367, 376

Center for Epidemiological Studies’ Depression Scale (CES-D)239

chaining, of new behaviors83–84

Chambless, D. L.364, 446, 452

Chanen, A. M.451

Chang, D. F.469

Charney, D. S.10

Chasson, G. S.107

Cheavens, J. S.355

chest breathing274

Chiesa, A.185

Child, S. N.403

children. See also intellectual disability
ADHD in374–75
aggression in366, 368, 372–74, 445
anxiety disorders in369–70, 376
CBT and366–69, 376–77
childhood disorders and369–75
cognitive restructuring and138, 368, 370, 371
Coping Cat program and365, 367, 369–70, 376–77
depression in138, 371–72
disruptive behavior in153, 372–74
education and366–67, 375–76
OCD in368, 370–71
PMR and367
rewards systems and369, 373
self-efficacy and367
in treatment363–66, 374, 376, 429–30

Chomsky, Noam14

Chow, S.-M.217, 224

Chowdhary, N.468

Christensen, A.180, 183, 186, 390, 391

Christopher, G.442

chronic illness, couples therapy393–94

Clabby, J.354

Clark, D. B.105

Clark, D. M.300, 304, 305, 306

Clarke, G. N.372

classical conditioning10–12, 45–46, 144

Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders (World Health Organization)438

clavicular breathing274–75

Clem, R. L.109

clinical depression230, 231, 239, 256, 257

clinical guidelines
CBT and depression317–19
PDs452–53
PST166–68

clinically relevant behaviors (CRBs)19, 39

clinical pathogenesis map (CPM)72–73, 74

clinical practice
PMR268
PST168–69

clinical strategies180–85

Codding, R. S.412

cognition levels123–24, 127, 129f, 352, 365

cognitive analytic therapy (CAT)451, 452

cognitive and behavioral psychology1, 28
core competencies, application of30–33
functional competencies, assessment33–36
functional competencies, intervention36–40
functional competencies, other40–41
history of29–30

cognitive and behavioral therapies (C&BT)
anarchism, Feyerabendian22–23
CBT compared with1
falsification, Popperian21
interventions with1, 2, 3
paradigms, Kuhnian21–22
postmodernism and24–25
problem solving23
recent developments38–39
rhetorical analyses, Grossian23–24
“third wave,”2, 3, 1

cognitive appraisal, stress management265–66

cognitive avoidance, GAD and292–93

Cognitive-Behavioral Avoidance Scale (CBAS)239

cognitive-behavioral conceptualization, obesity421–22, 422f

cognitive-behavioral model of relapse216, 218, 219, 225

cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy173–80

cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
in adults, older349–58
anxiety and99, 292–93, 297, 352–53, 487–89
anxiety disorders, pharmacotherapy, and487–89
C&BT compared with1
children and366–69, 376–77
cognitive and behavioral psychology and30
combination treatment and482–89
computer-assisted376–77
depression314–19, 351–52
development of9
dissemination of137
emergence of17–19
historical background10–11
Internet-based487
with mental health disorders, older adults351–56
monotherapy with pharmacotherapy or483
multicultural issues in465–78, 472f
for pain and other medical issues355
PDs and447
psychosis intervention330–34
relaxation and353
with science, philosophy of19–25
self-management training and410–12
telephone-based356, 487
“third wave,”18–19
transdiagnostic377

cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) conceptualization
GAD and292–93
OCD and294–95
PD and299
PTSD304–6
SAD and297
specific phobias301–2

cognitive-behavioral treatments
couples therapy and empirically supported388–94
obesity422–25

cognitive bias. See bias

cognitive disorders, CBT and older adults355–56

cognitive mechanisms, stress management281–82

cognitive processing therapy (CPT)30, 38

cognitive restructuring (self-talk)18, 118, 295, 298, 300, 424
behavioral experiments130–31
children and138, 368, 370, 371
cognitive vulnerability, additional areas of121–23
couples therapy and389
downward arrow technique127, 129f
GAD treatment and293
imagery techniques131–33
maladaptive information processing119–21, 368
methods of124–33
PTSD305–6
rational responding124–27, 128f
role playing to modify thinking129–30
self-reflective practice and138–39
specific phobias303
with therapeutic relationships133–35

cognitive theory442

cognitive therapy (CT)3, 8, 37, 136, 137, 177.  See also cognitive restructuring
cognitive and behavioral psychology and30
computer-assisted138
emergence of17–19
homework118, 127
MDD and314–17
REBT versus146–49, 147f, 156

Cognitive Therapy: Basics and Beyond (Beck)138

Cognitive Therapy Scale133

cognitive variables, behavioral assessment46

cognitive vulnerability121–23

Cohen, J.106

Coid, J.441

Coldwell, S. E.105

Collins, E. L.33

combination treatment
for anxiety disorders484–85
availability of each treatment modality486–87
with CBT and pharmacotherapy482–89
for depression483–84

Commission on the Recognition of Specialties and Proficiencies in Professional Psychology29, 31

communication406
couples therapy and383, 384–87
psychotic disorders, family interventions337

communities15, 25

comorbidity229, 320, 321, 429, 441

Compas, B. E.320

competencies28, 469–, 70.  See also cognitive and behavioral psychology

Competencies Conference Scientific Foundations and Research Competencies Workgroup33

computers273, 277, 314, 322, 333
children and computer-assisted CBT376–77
computer-assisted cognitive therapy138
computerized cognitive bias281
psychotherapy treatments and211–12

conceptual problems, science23

conditioning301–2
classical10–12, 45–46, 144
operant conditioning12, 45–46, 82–83
theories36–37

Confucius144

contamination fears, specific phobias302

contingency management40, 451–52

contingency-specifying stimuli16

contracts, behavioral89, 91

control82, 121, 203, 424, 428.  See also randomized controlled trials
antecedent89–90
behavioral dyscontrol, DBT208–9
Skinner with16–17
stimulus control82, 408

control signal, PMR269

Cook, T. D.49, 50

Cooke, D. J.445

Cooney, N. L.219

Cooper, J.80, 81

Copeland, J. N.355

coping162, 265–66, 372, 373–, 74.  See also TRAC

Coping Cat program, children and365, 367, 369–70, 376–77

“Coping Skills Training Guide” (Monti, Kadden, Rohsenow, Cooney, and Abrams)219

Cordova, J. V.186, 394

Core Correctional Practice221

cortisol34, 105, 108–9, 266, 273, 488

cost-effectiveness studies, couples therapy394–95

Cottraux, J.104

Council of Credentialing Organizations in Professional Psychology (CCOPP)29

couples therapy
BMT and388, 394
change studies, process and mechanism395–96
cognitive behavioral388–90
cognitive-behavioral couples therapy and384–95
cognitive-behavioral treatments, empirically supported388–94
communication and383, 384–87
future directions394–97
healthy relationship, conceptualization of383–85
IBCT177, 180, 183, 186, 390–91, 395
integrative behavioral390–91
with intimate partner aggression or violence391
ivory tower and beyond396–97
replication and cost-effectiveness studies394–95
studies391–92, 394–96
TBCT and186, 385–95
theoretical foundation and treatment components385–88

covert behavior18, 34

CPM. See clinical pathogenesis map

CPT. See cognitive processing therapy

Cramer, D.154

Craske, M. G.300, 323

CRBs. See clinically relevant behaviors

criticism, caregivers and335

C’s. See emotional consequences, REBT

CT. See cognitive therapy

Cuijpers, P.486

culture16–17, 35, 154
cultural adaptations, CBT and467–69
cultural competence, with goodness of fit471, 472, 473
cultural diversity31, 32, 33, 69, 469
cultural generalizability, of CBT466–70
individuals and environments, with goodness of fit475–77
multicultural issues, MDD and319–20
multicultural issues in CBT465–78, 472f
sensitivity, cultural23

Cunningham, M. J.376

Daiuto, A. D.393

Daley, D. C.219

Damasio, A. R.10

DAS. See Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale

data56–57, 80–81, 121

Dattilio, F. M.387, 396

D’Avanzo, B.392

David, D.152–53, 154, 156

David-Ferdon, C.371

Davidson, J. R. T.105

Davidson, K. M.447

Davidson, R. J.281

DBT. See dialectical behavior therapy

D-cycloserine (DCS)106–7

“Decalogue” (Skinner)17

decision making32, 35, 68–69, 168

de Graaf, L. E.322

deliteralization strategies181

demands145–46, 147f, 148, 404

dependent variables65

depression39, 153, 187, 189, 210, 229, 334.  See also behavioral activation
BADS239–40
BATD232, 234–36, 242, 243, 257
Beck Depression Inventories239
Beck Depression Inventory—II49, 121, 133
CBT for314–19, 351–52
in children138, 371–72
clinical230, 231, 239, 256, 257
combination treatment for483–84
couples therapy392–93
depressive relapse, factors176–77, 221
HRSD156, 238
MDD156, 161, 176, 312–25, 483
medication186, 351, 372
model46, 314–15
in older adults351–52
PTSD and320
relapse176–77, 221, 317, 372
STAR*D484, 486
theory176, 179
unipolar123, 136, 156, 484, 485

de Quervain, D. J-F.109, 488

DeRubeis, R. J.351

desensitization, systematic11, 30, 36, 46, 277–78, 303

Desoille, Robert277

deviant associations, sex and35, 222, 224

Dewey144

diabetes354–55, 429

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)21
DSM-5291, 301, 304, 312–13, 392, 440, 445
DSM-III438
DSM-IV238, 438, 439t, 440t, 445

Diagnostic Interview Schedule238

dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)18, 19, 30, 35, 38–39, 47, 173
acceptance and179
dialectical philosophy and203–4
as hierarchical treatment207, 207f, 208f
ID and410
as modular treatment204–7, 205f, 206f
PDs and448–49
relapse prevention and221–22
research, future directions211–12
research across multiple problems and populations210–11
skills training206f
suicide and200–201, 202–3, 210
treatment204–10

diaphragmic breathing. See abdominal breathing

diathesis-stress model160, 164

DiBartolo, P. M.370

differential reinforcement87–89

DiGennaro412

DiGennaro, F. D.403

DiGiuseppe, R.149, 154

direct observation assessment86

disabilities35, 291.  See also intellectual disability

discrimination10, 82, 306, 473–75

diseases243, 273, 321, 355.
comorbidity with chronic health problems and321
ICD-10312–13, 438, 440, 445
ICD-11441

disgust sensitivity, specific phobias302

disorders35, 124, 238, 337, 438, 450.  See also anxiety disorders; See also Asperger’s disorder; See also attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; See also Axis I disorders; See also borderline personality disorder; See also cognitive disorders, CBT and older adults; See also Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; See also eating disorders; See also major depressive disorder; See also mental disorders, in older adults; See also oppositional defiant disorder; See also psychotic disorders, family interventions; See also psychotic disorders, interventions for individuals
behavior45–48, 50
bipolar disorder10, 136, 185, 211, 216, 312, 324, 353, 392, 441, 450, 485
childhood369–75
combination treatment with CBT and other485–86
couples therapy, individual391–92
DBT and stages of207–10
mood122, 487

disputing (disputation)148, 151–52

disqualifying positives (minimizing good data)121

dissemination96, 137, 225, 334, 363–64
ABBT191–92
obesity treatment427
treatment113

distress99, 150, 164, 187, 385

diversity31, 32, 33, 69, 191, 469

divorce383, 394

Dixon, L. J.387

Dixon, M. R.411

Dobkin, R. D.321

Dobson, D.136

Dobson, K. S.136

domestic violence153

Donnelly, D.88

Donovan, D. M.223

Dorsey, M. F.404

Doss, B. D.384

downward arrow technique127, 129f

Dreer, L. E.355

Drouin, M. S.111

Dryden, W.149, 152–53

DSM. See Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Dubois, Paul144

Dudley, R.35

Duggan, C.446, 447, 451

Durand, V. M.406

Dutton, S. S.393

DVDs138, 152

dysfunction153, 294–95

Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS)123, 156

dysregulation. See emotions

D’Zurilla, T. J.67, 168

eating behaviors70, 419, 421, 425

eating disorders136, 211, 222, 393, 421

Eckhardt, G. I.153

economics35, 89, 191

education28, 30, 188, 189, 454.  See also psychoeducation
children and366–67, 375–76
obesity and exercise423

Eells, Tracy63, 64

Ehlers, A.304, 305, 306

Eifert, G. H.63–64

Ellis, Albert11, 18, 37, 38, 144, 178, 388, 389
biography143
REBT and142–49, 147f, 152–54

Emilsson, B.486

Emmelkamp, P. M. G.187, 389, 447, 455

emotional consequences (C’s), REBT144, 145, 145f, 149–50, 151

emotional processing theory (EPT)97, 105

The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life (LeDoux)10

emotions10, 11, 18, 50, 142, 183, 338, 449.  See also rational emotive behavior therapy
binary model of153–54
DBT and202–3
emotional contagion477
emotional development, children365
emotional dysregulation166–67, 203, 443
emotional expressiveness training389
emotion-focused coping162
emotion-focused goals168
emotion regulation203, 206f, 209
STEPPS450–51, 452

empirically supported treatments (ESTs)364, 375

empiricism48–49, 135–36, 147–48, 151, 278

engagement, psychotic disorders331–32

Engels, G. I.155, 155t, 156

environment473–78
environmental reward, BA assessment240
stressors and stress management265

Epictitus143–44, 172

epigenetics13

Epstein, N.384, 393

Epstein, N. B.387

EPT. See emotional processing theory

Erhard144

establishing operations81, 85, 89–90, 408–9

ESTs. See empirically supported treatments

ethics33

ethnic identity35, 472, 475

ethnic minorities. See minority populations

Europe32, 312, 334, 338, 455, 469, 472

European Association of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies1

evaluations56–57, 73, 147f, 411

Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism Scale122

events144–45, 145f, 149
pleasant and unpleasant240–41
PTSD and traumatic305

evidence base, psychotic disorders333, 338–39

exercises181–82, 188, 367, 423, 425, 428.  See also yoga

experiential avoidance48, 174–75, 178

experimental analysis, of behavior12–14

experiments12–14, 130–31

exposure237, 293, 298, 300, 303, 306, 353
exposure and response prevention30, 37, 296, 370, 393, 484
exposure-based interventions96–113
exposure studies, plus medication104–6
techniques99–104
therapy106–12
treatment33, 37, 98–99, 101

extinction13, 81–82, 86–87

Eysenck, Hans10

FA. See functional analysis

FACCD. See functional analytic clinical case diagrams

FAI. See Functional Assessment Interview

Falloon, I. R.392

falsification, Popperian21

families220, 392.  See also children; See also parents
“family resemblances,”7, 8, 18
psychotic disorders, family interventions334–39

FAP. See functional analytic psychotherapy

Farrell, J. M.448

Farrington, D. P.445

FAST. See Functional Analysis Screening Tool

Fava, G. A.484

Fava, M.484

FBA. See functional behavioral assessment

FCT. See functional communication training

fear10, 37, 108, 299, 301–2, 444.  See also anxiety disorders
exposure modifying pathological structures of97–98
systematic desensitization and36, 278, 303
in vivo exposure and99–101

The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness (Damasio)10

Ferriter, M.446

Ferster, Charles14, 81

Feyerabend, Paul22–23

fight-or-flight response266, 300

Fisher, J. E.1

Fisher, W. W.82, 405, 407

Flitcroft, A.63

fluoxetine (Prozac)105, 156

Foa, E. B.97, 484, 487

Fonagy, P.449

Foster, G. D.422

Fouad, N. A.30, 33

Freeston, M.63

Fresco, D. M.177, 190

Freud, Sigmund142, 144, 172, 277

Friends Project138

Friman, P. C.409

functional analysis (FA)51–52, 65–66, 70–71, 86
behavioral assessment and44–60, 49f, 53t
with ID and FBA402–4

Functional Analysis Interview Format85–86

Functional Analysis Screening Tool (FAST)403

functional analytic clinical case diagrams (FACCD)57–60, 59f

functional analytic psychotherapy (FAP)18, 19, 39, 47
BA and239

Functional Assessment Interview (FAI)403

functional behavioral assessment (FBA)402–4

functional communication training (FCT)406

functional contextualism46–48, 173

functional interventions85–87, 90

function-based antecedent intervention408–10

function-based consequence intervention404–7, 405f

GAD. See generalized anxiety disorder

Gaudiano, B. A.189

Gautama Buddha144

generalizability, cultural466–70

generalization
ID with maintenance and413–14
promoting91–92
stimulus control and82

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
CBT conceptualization292–93
clinical strategies with ABBT for183–85
in context177–78
empirical support293–94
history of integrative ABBT for180

generational influences, age and35

Germain, V.111

geropsychology29

Geschwind, N.186

Ghezzi, P. M.413

Giesen-Bloo, J.448

Ginsburg, G. S.370, 375

Giron, M.339

Glass, D. R.231

Glass, G. V.363

Glasser144

globalizing147, 147f, 148

glucocorticoids105, 487–88

goal setting, obesity423–24

Goff, D.485

Goldberg8

Goldfried, M. R.144, 168

Gonzales, J. E.155, 155t, 156

Gonzalez, J. S.354

Gonzalez-Lima, F.108

Good Days Ahead program (DVD)138

goodness of fit
of CBT, with populations of color470–71
framework to guide assessment and treatment471–73, 472f
between individuals and environments473–78

Gordon, J. R.218

Gordon, K. C.387

Gould, R. A.485

Grant, P. M.323

Gratz, K. L.188

Great Britain334, 453

Greist, J.112

Griner, D.467, 468

Gross, Alan23–24

Guay, S.111

guided discovery37

guided imagery277–81

guided practice, PST168

guidelines. See clinical guidelines

Guidi, J.484

Gunderson, J. G.188

Haaga, D. A.153

Hagopian, L. P.405–6

Haley, J. L.410

Halford, W. K.390

Hall, G. C. N.191, 467

hallucinations137

Halonen, J. S.33

Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD)156, 238

Hammen, C. L.231

Hanley, G. P.82, 404

Harris, R.38

Hartzler, B.223

Hawkins, R. O.409

Hawley, J. L.153

Hayes, Louise187

Hayes, S. C.1, 2, 45, 180, 186, 187, 235
addictive behaviors and188
on behavior therapy47
experiential avoidance and48
on thought and behavior179

Haynes, S. N.35, 50, 51, 58

Haynes, Steven34

Hays, P. A.35

Hazlett-Stevens, H.36

health111–12, 322, 356, 375, 438.  See also mental health; See also National Institutes of Health
comorbidity with diseases and chronic321
healthy behaviors222, 230
healthy relationships, couples therapy383–85
healthy thinking167–68
mental health stigma211
outcomes, ACT188–89

heart rate (HR)34

Heatherington, L.395–96

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich203

Heick, P. E.410

Heidegger, Martin144

helplessness121, 153

Herzberg18

Heyman, R. E.391

hierarchical treatment, DBT as207, 207f, 208f

Hinton, C.410

Hinton, Devon477

histrionic439t

Hixon Symposium on Cerebral Mechanisms in Behavior (1948)17

Hoagwood, K.375

Hofmann, S. G.185, 291

Hollon, S. D.18, 364, 446, 452

Holmes, E. A.278

Holttum, S.36

homework118, 127, 131, 152, 316

homophobia23

hopelessness121, 133–34, 181

Hopko, D. R.321

hormones, stress266

Horney144

Horowitz, L. M.443, 444

hospitals58, 59, 136, 330, 392, 408
psychosis and187, 335, 338
stress and282, 283
suicide and200, 210
veterans320, 322

Howarth, D.354

HR. See heart rate

HRSD. See Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression

Hu, S.292–93

Huband, N.446, 450, 454

Huber, C. H.388–89

Huey, S. J.467, 468

Huganir, R. L.109

Hughes, F. M.387

Hull, C. L.46

Hume, David20, 53–54

humor, REBT and151

Hunsley, J.65–66

hypothetico-deductive method49–50, 49f

IAPT. See Increasing Access to Psychological Therapies

IBCT. See integrative behavioral couples therapy

iB’s. See irrational beliefs

I can’t stand it-itis145, 146, 147, 147f, 152

ICD-10. See International Classification of Diseases

ICD-11. See International Classification of Diseases

ID. See intellectual disability

idiographic63, 161

illness10, 138, 188, 243, 393–94.  See also diseases

imagery132, 167–68
cognitive restructuring with131–33
guided277–81

imaginal exposure101–3
for social phobia103

impulsive-careless problem solving68, 163

incompleteness, DBT and209–10

Increasing Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT)334, 364

independent variables65

individual diversity, cultural and33

inferences55t, 56t, 119–20, 147f

inflexible attention175

information17, 37–38, 57–60, 176
information processing119–21, 292, 297, 302, 368
psychotic disorders, family interventions and sharing of337

insomnia, CBT for354

integrative behavioral couples therapy (IBCT)177, 180, 183, 186, 390–91, 395

intellectual disability (ID)401
ABA with402, 407, 412, 414
CBT and self-management training410–12
FBA and FA with402–4
function-based antecedent intervention408–10
function-based consequence intervention404–7
with generalization and maintenance413–14

intermediate beliefs123–24, 127, 129f, 147f

International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10)312–13, 438, 440, 445

International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11)441

International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE)450

Internet317, 322, 333, 376
Internet-delivered treatments112, 191, 487
interventions339, 426–27

interoceptive exposure96, 103–4, 112, 300, 353

interpersonal issues, with Axis I disorders and320

interpersonal theory444

interventions364, 420, 430.  See also exposure; See also psychotic disorders, family interventions; See also psychotic disorders, interventions for individuals
ABA39–40, 85–92
behavioral244t–255t
with C&BT1, 2, 3
children and transportability of375
functional approach to assessment and85–92
functional competencies in36–40
function-based antecedent408–10
function-based consequence404–7, 405f
Internet-based339, 426–27
intervention integrity412–13
learning theories with behavior disorders and45–48
for MDD314–17
PST as transdiagnostic165–66
relapse prevention and224–25
technology-based interventions426–27

interviews34, 85–86, 403
BA, unstructured and structured237–39
behavioral assessment44, 55

intimate partner aggression391

Inviting a Difficulty In181–82

in vivo exposure99–101

IPDE. See International Personality Disorder Examination

irrational beliefs (iB’s)
dysfunction and153
REBT and144, 145, 145f, 146, 153–54

Irvin, J. E.220

Iversen, I. H.81

Iverson, K. M.320

ivory tower, couples therapy and396–97

Iwata, B. A.404, 405

Jacobson, Edmund267–68, 269–73, 277

Jacobson, N. S.19, 180, 183, 186, 386, 390, 394

James, I. A.63

James, William172

Janet, Pierre144

Jinks, M.454

Johnson, L.406

Jouriles, E. N.394, 396

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis79

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology375

journals, cognitive and behavioral psychology31, 33

jumping to conclusions. See arbitrary inference

Jung, Carl172

Kabat-Zinn, Jon173, 180

Kadden, R. M.219

Kaholokula, J. K.50, 51, 58

Kant, Immanuel144

Kantak, K. M.487

Kanter, Jonathan233

Kaplar, M.44

Karlin, B. E.352

Kaslow, N. J.371

Kater, K.223

Kaufman, N. K.372

Kazdin, A. E.39, 81, 189

Kelly, George144

Kelly, S.395

Kendall, P. C.370, 376–77

Kendjelic, E. M.64

Kennedy, C. H.409

Kennedy, S.177

Khanna, M. S.376–77

Kierkegaard, Søren144

Kindt, M.109–10

Kirby, J. S.393

Kirouac, M.3

Klein, B.112

Kliem, S.447, 449

Koegel, L. K.411

Koegel, R. L.411

Koerner, K.35

Koertge, N.24

Kohlenberg, R. J.55

Kozak, M. J.97, 487

Kuhn, D. E.407

Kuhn, T. S.7, 21–22, 25

Kuipers, E.336

Kuyken, W.35, 185

Ladd, M. V.410

LaFromboise, T. D.475, 476

Langer, Á. I.186

Langer, Ellen201

Langer, S. N.403

language20, 25, 2, 406.  See also verbal behavior
ACT and173–76
American Sign Language15
RFT and173–74
Skinner and14–16, 21

Lao-Tsu144

LaPaglia, D. M.448

LaTaillade, J. J.384

Lau, A. S.468–69

Laudan, Larry23

LAVA. See life areas and value assessment

Lazarus144

Lazarus, Arnold38

Lazarus, Richard S.266

Le, H. N.320

learning mechanisms10

learning theories36–37
with behavior disorders and interventions45–48
social learning theory144, 180, 200, 366, 368, 385, 392

Leary, T.444

Leavey, G.338

LeDoux, J. E.10

Legacy, S. M.405

Lehrer, P. M.269, 281

Lennox, D. B.88

Lerman, D. C.82

LES. See Life Experiences Survey

Lester, G. W.389, 390

Leuner, Hanscarl277

“levels” of cognition. See cognition levels

Levin, M.186

Lew, M.410, 411

Lewinsohn, Peter229, 230, 231, 232, 241, 256

life areas and value assessment (LAVA)232, 235, 238, 257

Life Experiences Survey (LES)241

life stressors50

lifestyle interventions420, 430

Liles, D.355

Lindauer, S. E.406

Lindsely, Ogden10

Linehan, Marsha19, 38, 179, 201, 203, 443

Linszen, D.338

Livesley, W. J.446

living, problems in209

logical positivism20–21

Look AHEAD weight loss trial428, 429

Lorcher, P. S.153

Luiselli, J. K.403, 409, 410, 413

Lyons, L. C.153, 154, 155, 155t, 156

Ma, S. H.185

Macaskill, A.156

Macaskill, N. D.156

Maccarelli, L. M.448

MacDonald, R. F.403

Mackinnon, D. P.395

Macleod, C.303

Maglieri, K. A.82

magnification of the negative. See catastrophizing

Mahoney, Michael38

major depressive disorder (MDD)156, 161, 176, 312, 325
CBT, CT, and other interventions for314–17
computers and314, 322
future directions319–24
relapse and313–14, 483

maladaptive cognitions, PTSD and304–5

maladaptive information processing119–21, 368

management. See also stress management
CBT and self-management training410–12
contingency40, 451–52
functional competencies and41
nonbehavioral approaches to weight management420–21

mand, verbal behavior15

manuals, treatment39, 336.  See also Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

March, J. S.371

March, S.376

Marchand, A.111

Margolin, G.386, 388, 390

marital therapy231, 388, 394, 396

Markowski, A.409

Marks, E. H.110

Marks, I. M.104

Marlatt, G. A.216, 218, 219, 223, 225

Martell, C. R.39