
Contents
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Maladaptive Information Processing Maladaptive Information Processing
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All-or-None (Black Versus White) Thinking All-or-None (Black Versus White) Thinking
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Arbitrary Inference (Jumping to Conclusions) Arbitrary Inference (Jumping to Conclusions)
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Selective Abstraction (Seeing Things out of Context) Selective Abstraction (Seeing Things out of Context)
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Mind Reading Mind Reading
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Emotional Reasoning Emotional Reasoning
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Catastrophizing (Magnification of the Negative) Catastrophizing (Magnification of the Negative)
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Disqualifying the Positive (Minimizing the Good, Hopeful Data) Disqualifying the Positive (Minimizing the Good, Hopeful Data)
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Additional Areas of Cognitive Vulnerability Additional Areas of Cognitive Vulnerability
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Hopelessness and Helplessness Hopelessness and Helplessness
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Rigid Thinking Styles and Poor Problem Solving Rigid Thinking Styles and Poor Problem Solving
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Poor Autobiographical Recall Poor Autobiographical Recall
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Perfectionism Perfectionism
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“Levels” of Cognition “Levels” of Cognition
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Automatic Thoughts Automatic Thoughts
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Intermediate Beliefs Intermediate Beliefs
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“Core Beliefs” or “Schemas” “Core Beliefs” or “Schemas”
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Chief Methods of Cognitive Restructuring Chief Methods of Cognitive Restructuring
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Rational Responding (and Automatic Thought Records) Rational Responding (and Automatic Thought Records)
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Downward Arrow—Toward Identification of Intermediate Beliefs and Schemas Downward Arrow—Toward Identification of Intermediate Beliefs and Schemas
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The Use of Role Playing as a Prime Mover in Modifying the Client’s Thinking The Use of Role Playing as a Prime Mover in Modifying the Client’s Thinking
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Behavioral Experiments Behavioral Experiments
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Imagery Imagery
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Cognitive Restructuring in the Context of the Therapeutic Relationship Cognitive Restructuring in the Context of the Therapeutic Relationship
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Empirical Support for Cognitive Restructuring Empirical Support for Cognitive Restructuring
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Future Directions in Cognitive Restructuring Future Directions in Cognitive Restructuring
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Application of Cognitive Therapy to the Treatment of Schizophrenia Application of Cognitive Therapy to the Treatment of Schizophrenia
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Dissemination of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy to a Wider Range of Practitioners Dissemination of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy to a Wider Range of Practitioners
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Facilitating Access via the Use of Computer-Assisted Cognitive Therapy Facilitating Access via the Use of Computer-Assisted Cognitive Therapy
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Teaching Cognitive Therapy to Children as Basic Education to Prevent Mental Illness Teaching Cognitive Therapy to Children as Basic Education to Prevent Mental Illness
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Epilogue: Cognitive Restructuring and Self-Reflective Practice Epilogue: Cognitive Restructuring and Self-Reflective Practice
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References References
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8 Cognitive Restructuring/Cognitive Therapy
Get accessCory F. Newman, Center for Cognitive Therapy, University of Pennsylvania
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Published:06 January 2015
Cite
Abstract
The techniques that comprise cognitive restructuring are central to the practice of cognitive therapy, and they are a key component of the skills that clients learn in order to help themselves think in more hopeful, constructive ways. Clients learn to self-assess their cognitive biases and dysfunction in terms of processes (e.g., all-or-none thinking, disqualifying the positive, hopelessness) and contents (e.g., at the levels of automatic thoughts, intermediate beliefs, and schemas). Five chief methods of cognitive restructuring are reviewed: (1) rational responding, (2) the downward arrow, (3) role playing, (4) behavioral experiments, and (5) guided imagery. Additionally, the therapeutic relationship serves as fertile ground on which the clients may ascertain and modify their most common interpersonal misperceptions. The empirical status of cognitive therapy is reviewed across a wide range of clinical problems, and with regard to maintenance. Promising new applications of cognitive restructuring are also described, along with the importance of therapist self-reflection.
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