The Oxford Handbook of Sound Studies
Published online:
21 November 2012
Published in print:
02 December 2011
Online ISBN:
9780199940691
Print ISBN:
9780195388947
Contents
End Matter
Index
-
Published:December 2011
Annotate
Cite
'Index', in Trevor Pinch, and Karin Bijsterveld (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Sound Studies, Oxford Handbooks (2011; online edn, Oxford Academic, 21 Nov. 2012), https://doi.org/, accessed 24 Apr. 2025.
Subject
Music
Series
Oxford Handbooks
Collection:
Oxford Handbooks Online
Index
- 20,000 Leagues under the Sea153
- ABC (American Broadcasting Company)396
- “ability scripts” and cochlear implants323
- The Abyss375
- “Account of an Experiment Touching upon the Propagation of Sound Through Water,”155
- ACIDplanet and ACID software
- history of online music sites481, 482 See also online music sites
- Ackerman, Diane304
- acoustic images, capabilities for cognitive visual and spatial imaging415
- acoustic microscope research224–248
- bridging life science research and engineering research232
- extending perception by fusing different senses240
- illustration229
- life scientists’ reluctance to use new imaging technology and interpret new contrast mechanism241
- myxobacteria, cryogenic acoustic microscope image of243
- outputs, technology lending itself equally well to visual and auditory outputs225
- scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) as natural extension of acoustic microscopy243
- “seeing” acoustically233
- acoustic music, conversion to electronic music in American advertising398–399
- acoustic tags added to recordings188
- Acquaviva, John519
- active engagement in digital games358–360
- ADAC Motorwelt97
- adaptive forms of music distribution in Hungary and Czechoslovakia during Communist era452
- Adidas509
- adrenal excretion, effects of noise on286
- Advanced Bionics338
- Advanced Research Projects Agency236
- advertising. See marketing and advertising
- Advertising Age393
- The Adventures of Andre and Wally B377
- agricultural capitalism, early American industrialization43
- airplanes
- automobile sounds, aircraft industry design and testing109–110
- earplugs for airplane travel289
- AISP (associated imagination of sound perception)115–117
- Akai510
- Aladdin382
- Albert Einstein School of Medicine234
- Alcoa392
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut for Polar-und Meeresforschung167
- Allegemeine musikalische Zeitung208
- Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung211
- Alpers, Svetlana141
- amateur musicians459–479
- coexistence of live and recorded music469
- compositional practices of songwriters affected by karaoke463
- de-skilling of musical performance472
- development of musical amateurism in age of mechanical music459–479
- DJing469–471
- gameplay vs. instrumental play473
- Guitar Hero471–473
- hip-hop469–471
- karaoke466–469
- machines vs. humans making music463
- mobile phone music473–476
- montages465
- phonographs463–466
- player pianos463–466
- rapping, vocal parts added over top of breaks as470
- ratio of musicians and teachers to U.S. population, historical numbers461
- schizophonic performance473
- social aspects of music making476
- technologies, engagement with463
- transformation of written musical culture to oral musical culture476
- American Annals of the Deaf324
- American Museum of Natural History133
- The American Otologival Society328
- America’s Army361
- Amos, Tori488
- Amsterdamska, Olga266
- animation
- animation, definitions of375–376
- caricaturized vocal performances384
- cartoon sound, traditional378
- character-based films377–384
- characters, humanization of378
- chase comedy378
- “cinema of sensation,”376
- collaborative creativity in production372
- credibility of computer animation380
- definitions of375–376
- directors, influence of372
- innovation, causes of373
- lamps, animated characteristics of379
- magnetic film system370
- multichannel sound presentation373–374
- musicals382
- narrative voice369
- online resources385
- puppetry383–384
- realism371–372
- sonification, animation and re-animation of553–555
- sound design, definitions of369–371
- sound design in animated short films367–386
- sound track370–371
- special effects375–376
- speech and language382–383
- storytelling377–384
- thematic uses of sound368
- traditional cartoon sound378
- visual culture, perspectives on realism371–372
- visual design, job duties376
- voices382–384
- The Animation of Lists and the Archytan Transpositions213
- anthropology of senses as area involved in sound studies7
- Apocalypse Now373
- Appun, Georg A. I.203
- archival preservation
- armed forces. See military
- Army Signal Corps227
- art
- art studies as area involved in sound studies7
- The Art of the Player-Piano: A Text-book for Student and Teacher464
- articulation
- articulation theory, described547
- nonsonic and sonic, sonification as articulation of556
- phonautograph547
- The Artificial Ear: Cochlear Implants and the Culture of Deafness322
- Ash, Eric243
- Ashley, Holt227
- ASL (American Sign Language), sign for cochlear implants323
- associated imagination of sound perception (AISP)115–117
- Asthetik der drahtlosen Telegrafie432
- Athanasiades, Katherine480
- Atlas Eclipticalis552
- “Atmospherics/Weather Works,”551
- Atomic Energy Commission238
- atomic force microscope (AFM)244
- audibilization of data. See conversion of data to visual or audible representations
- audible history, recording and playing back sound557
- audio cassette tapes. See cassettes and cassette players
- audiometers289
- audiospectrograph, scientific field recordings in ornithology142–145
- audio-visual proximity, digital games351–352
- auditory culture as area involved in sound studies7
- auditory display547
- icons548, 553 See also sonification
- Auenbrugger, Leopold302
- Auge, Marc534
- The Auk129
- auscultation
- autoauscultation315–317
- for diagnosis299–300
- history of usage301–304
- learning to listen306
- of many hearts313–316
- obsolescence of311–313
- training medical students308–311
- “Australia Council, Artists and new Technology Program,”213
- Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation213
- Austrian Academy of Sciences190
- Auto Revue97
- Auto-Anzeiger87
- autoauscultation315–317
- “Autobahn,”154
- Auto-Doktor hearing device83
- Auto-Lite394
- automobiles
- aircraft industry, design and testing109–110
- artificial head111
- associated imagination of sound perception (AISP)115–117
- Auto-Doktor hearing device83
- car mechanics guild91–92
- chauffeurs81–82
- ear training82–83
- engine117
- engine sounds117
- European automotive industry102–122
- explorative vehicle evaluation (EVE)115–116
- gasoline cars105
- German professional trade system90–91
- horns, “stridency” of106–107
- interviewees103–105
- jury testing, loudness of motor vehicles107–108
- language differences, European115
- listening practices, differentiation of94–97
- listening to79–101
- loudness of motor vehicles, jury testing107–108
- misunderstandings in sound evaluation118
- motor horns, “stridency” of106–107
- pair comparison test113
- repair chaos89–92
- scale assessment test113
- semantic differential scale assessment113–115
- sensory experiences of consumers119–120
- “silence” of automobiles, advertising105–107
- silent car, ideal of92–93
- simulators, automobile111–113
- slapping noise79
- sonar sounds114
- sound design79–101
- sound evaluation102–122
- sound mapping88
- sound quality index, automotive industry116
- Teknoskop87
- testing automobile sound
- European automotive industry102–122
- evaluation110–113
- projection108
- replication108–109
- science and technology studies (STS)108–110
- tinkering95
- tree echo79
- urban traffic noise106
- World War One and car ownership81
- Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift86
- Automotive Industries107
- Avantek236
- Avatar376
- Axtell, Harold142
- b-boys and b-girls469
- “Baby, I’m Over the Pain,”485
- “A Back Story: Realism, Simulation, Interaction,”376
- Baier, Gerold258
- Bain, Julian496
- Bakelite285
- Bambi373
- Band, Lothar414
- Barany, E.304
- Barayon, Ramon Sender239
- Barclay, Charles398
- Bardini, Thierry239
- Barker, Hugh508
- Barron, Bebe389
- Barron, Louis389
- Barry, Andrew551
- Barthes, Roland431
- Bastian, Marc-Jan518
- Bateson, Gregory166
- “Battle of Vittoria,”212
- Baudrier, Yves153
- Baudrillard, Jean431
- Bay Area workshop239
- BBC (British Broadcasting Company)446–448
- beat tones, scientific instruments as musical204
- the Beamis Point490
- “Beauty of Labor,”61
- Beaver, Paul399
- Beck, Henry425
- Bee Gees447
- Beiträge zur Akustik und Musikwissenschaft177
- bell sounds, underwater music155–156
- Bellevue Hospital282
- BeOS Operating System Developer Conference518
- Bergius, Rudolf62–64
- Berkeley Labs555
- Berlin auto mechanics guild91
- Berlin Heinrich Hertz Institute for Vibration Research60
- Berlin Institute of Psychology177
- Berlin Phonogram Archive177–179, 189, 190
- “experimental cylinders,”178
- parlograph as specialization in development of phonograph186
- Bernstein, David W.508
- Bertenshaw, A.J.520
- Bertrand, Rene214
- “Beyond the Shores of Time’ed,”492
- Big Blue243
- bigbít music scene444
- Biggs, Hermann M.282
- Bijker, Wiebe509
- Bilger, Robert331
- biology
- acoustic microscope research, life scientists’ reluctance to use new imaging technology241
- assigning pitches to amino acid sequences552
- vibrations of cellular life, sonification of549
- biomedical research and dissolution of “military-industrial-academic” research arrangements226–233, 235–237, 239
- bionic rhetoric, cochlear implants323–325
- birdsong
- use of term132 See also ornithology, scientific field recordings in
- black box technology192, 193, 251, 512
- cochlear implants332
- user-friendly design, black-boxing of technology by development of417
- black culture, racial authenticity505–525
- segregation, effect on link between music and black empowerment505
- black culture, racial authenticity in hip-hop music. See hip-hop
- Black Noise510
- Blaserna, Pietro209
- Blazing Saddles350
- blind persons261
- Optacon as device for scanning and converting text into mechanical vibrations227
- sensor changing pitch according to proximity to objects239
- Bloch, Ernst530
- blood
- anechoic chamber, blood flow as part of environment157
- body as soundscape304
- in digital games349
- noise, effect on blood chemistry and blood pressure286
- ultrasonic blood imaging231
- bobolink song transcript127
- body, speaking for273–344
- body sounds as diagnostic resource. See stethoscopes
- Bolt, Beranek, and Newman (BBN)321
- Bolz, Norbert417
- Booker T. Washington506
- bootleg or second economies. See Hungary and Czechoslovakia, nonofficial music practices during Communist era
- Boott Cotton Mills Museum39
- Born, Georgina551
- “boundary work,”258–260
- explained251
- notions of scientificity266
- as part and parcel of scientific field265
- user testing in264 See also sonification of scientific data
- Boundin’ and One Man Band382
- boutelliphone154
- Bowe, David484
- Braillard, Raymond421
- brain
- brainwaves as music258
- cognitive science, different regions of brain processing different kinds of sounds557
- noise, effect on cortical activity286
- sonification applied to electrical activity of brain250
- theory of presence in virtual environments357
- Branchu, Alexandrine Caroline209
- Braun, Hans-Joachim58
- “breaching experiment,”250
- break dancing469
- Brenton, Harry357
- British Birds129
- broadcasting via radio, emergence of413–417
- “Broadcasting without Frontiers,”420
- Brown, Emily360
- Brunswick phonograph464
- Bruyninckx, Joeri127
- Buchla, Don238–240
- Buchla Box239
- Burch, Susan320
- Burke, Teresa Blankmeyer324
- Burrows, Arthur R.418
- Bush, Kate488
- Bussey, Gordon416
- Caecilia210
- Cairns, Paul360
- Callon, Michel122
- Cambridge University146
- cameras
- disappearing analog past513
- Cameron, James372
- campus protestors’ demands for civilian research226–241
- Captain Nemo and the Underwater City153
- cardiac matters. See heart
- caricature sounds351
- caricaturized vocal performances384
- Carlos, Wendy400
- Carnegie Hall215
- Carpenter, Edmund304
- Carr, Diane358
- cars, sound of. See automobiles
- cassettes and cassette players11, 511, 527
- Hungary and Czechoslovakia, nonofficial music practices during Communist era451–454
- portability515
- portability plus recording, compact audiocassette enabling515
- Cassirer, Ernst431
- The Castle291
- Caterpillar Diesel Engine Company of Rostock72
- Catmull, Ed374
- cause and effect in semiotic theory549
- cell phone music473–476
- cells, sonification of inaudible vibrations of cellular life549
- Cerf, Sigrid337
- Cerf, Vinton337
- CertainTeed Corporation287
- Certeau, Michel de540
- “Chamber of Technology,”67
- Chang, Jeff507
- Chaos and the Emergent Mind of the Pond166
- chart positions in online music sites485
- Chase, Victor335
- Chatfield, Tom531
- chauffeurs, listening to cars81–82
- Cherubini, Luigi211
- Chesworth, David164
- Chicago women’s club465
- children
- applications allowing users to create music474
- fetal ultrasound316–317
- hospital noise and infant care286
- music students461
- native signers324
- nostalgic notions of childhood play369
- Children’s Hospital Branch of SSUN283
- Children’s Hospital on Randall’s Island282
- Chouard, Nicolas104
- chronographs204
- CI. See cochlear implants
- Cibulka, Petr453
- cinema. See animation
- Clark, Mary Anne552
- class conflict in early American industrialization44
- clavicylinders203
- Clementi, Muzio211
- Cleophas, Eefje102
- Clinton, President Bill244
- Close Encounters of the Third Kind371
- cochlear implants320–344
- and ability scripts323
- artifacts, politics of323
- ASL sign for323
- “bionic ears,”324
- black box technology332
- communication, philosophy of338
- “cultural genocide,”324
- Deaf culture321–322, 336
- bionic rhetoric323
- “cultural genocide,”324
- protests against cochlear implants324–325
- deaf futurism336–338
- deafened individuals
- commercial device development332–335
- experimental process329–331
- invention of cochlear implants325–329
- electroacoustics321
- experimental research participants322–323
- commercial device development332–335
- cross-purpose collaboration323
- future technologies336–338
- invention of325–329
- commercial device development333–335
- experimental process329–331
- inventor House and patient Graser329
- losses from technological advances323
- neural-computer interfaces320–323
- ability scripts323
- “bionic ears,”324
- electroprosthetics321
- experimental research participants322–323
- future technologies336–338
- neuroprosthetics321
- neuroprosthetics321
- protests against324–325
- single channel325–331
- black box technology332
- experimental process329–331
- invention of cochlear implant325–329
- photograph of implant332
- stigma symbol327
- Codding, George420
- codes of realism in digital games358–362
- Coffin, Lucy133
- Cold War167, 226
- and underwater music152, 156, 166, 167 See also Hungary and Czechoslovakia, nonofficial music practices during Communist era
- The Cold War and American Science226
- Coleridge, Samuel Taylor359
- collaboration
- animated short films, collaborative creativity in production372
- sonification of scientific data263
- Colligon-Wayne, Lynda539
- COMECON (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance)68
- Committee for Fight against Hearing Damage Caused by Industry60
- Committee for Industrial Noise Abatement60
- Committee for Noise Abatement in Industry61
- Committee of Intellectual, Artistic, and Social Rapprochement419
- Committee of International Relays419
- Communist era. See Hungary and Czechoslovakia, nonofficial music practices during Communist era
- comparative musicology194
- compositional practices of songwriters affected by karaoke463
- Computer Music Journal552
- computers and computer software
- App Store, music-related applications at473
- cochlear implants, neural-computer interfaces320–323
- cochlear implants (CI) as neural-computer interfaces321
- games. See games
- interface design, sounds in548
- iPhone as small computer475
- iPods. See iPods
- Metasynth software549
- sonification
- killer application for255–257 See also sonification of scientific data
- visualization of sound556 See also online music sites
- concert recordings, nonofficial music practices during Communist era448
- The Condor129
- conférence préliminaire pour une entente internationale en radio-téléphonie418
- consumerism and sound
- emotional responses to sounds. See emotion and emotional response
- how-to guides, music teachers, and other modes of instruction463
- karaoke singers’ power in music industry467
- marketing. See marketing and advertising
- sound as commodity5
- sound research103
- conversion of data to audible representations224–248
- acoustic microscopy. See acoustic microscope research
- life scientists’ reluctance to use new imaging technology and interpret new contrast mechanism241
- Optacon as device for scanning and converting text into mechanical vibrations227
- perceiving data in nuanced ways226
- societal advancement, synesthetic conversion inseparable from230
- visual representations, scientists’ predilection for224
- Coppola, Francis Ford372
- Cornell University133–136, 139, 140, 142
- Department of Computer Science385
- Harmonic Fluids Project385
- Laboratory of Ornithology138
- Ornithological Laboratory134
- cortical activity, effects of noise on286
- Corvisart, Jean302
- Coslow, Bucky390
- Cotex Corporation287
- County Fair Bread394
- Cowboy, (Keith “Cowboy” Wiggins)470
- CPG (punk band)452
- credibility of computer animation380
- Csíkszentmihályi’s concept of flow357
- The Cult of the Amateur477
- cultural and ethnographic recordings188
- cultural genocide324
- cultural geography as area involved in sound studies7
- Curtis, Scott382
- cybernetics240
- Czechoslovakia. See Hungary and Czechoslovakia, nonofficial music practices during Communist era
- Da Vinci, Leonardo548
- Daimler-Benz111
- Dark Side of Earth445
- The Dark Side of the Moon305
- Daston, Lorraine135
- data conversion. See conversions of data
- Davies, Ebenezer52
- Daye, Christian552
- de Brossard, Sebastien210
- de Campo, Alberto552
- de Certeau, Michel535
- de Martinville, Edouard-Leon Scott545
- De radio-detective: draadloze ogen433
- de Roo, Foort104
- dead voices558
- deaf futurism336–338
- deafness
- cochlear implants. See cochlear implants
- earplugs to prevent hearing loss288
- teaching device for deaf children545
- The Deep153
- Defense Department research, dissolution of military-industrial-academic research arrangements226–233, 235–237, 239
- Delatour, Thierry552
- Delcampe, David104
- Delibes, Leo163
- Der Bau277
- Designers and Manufacturers of Electronic Music and Musique ConcrËte Devices and Systems392
- Despretz, Cesar-Mansute209
- diagnostic invasiveness and growth of noise in hospitals279
- diagnostic listening14
- stethoscopes. See stethoscopes
- dialects, early American industrialization47
- diapason normal209
- dictation device, parlograph as186
- Dictionnaire de musique210
- Die Denkumschaltung durch den Rundfunk415
- Die Lehre von den Tonempfindungen214
- Die Lehre von den Tonempfindugen205
- “Die Wesensform des Lautsprechers: Ein Beitrag zurƒsthetik der Technik,”417
- Digidesign385
- digital audio equipment11
- Digital Theater System368
- digital-signal processor (DSP) chips354
- digitization. See computers and computer software
- discriminating between sound and noise135
- dishwasher advertisement403
- Disnformation162
- “Distraction from Work by Noise and Music and Its Structural-Typological Context,”62
- DJ Kool Herc515
- DJ Spooky519
- Djourno, Andre325–327
- DNA sequences, sonification by assigning pitches to amino acid sequences552
- “Do You Already Know?”88
- Docter, Peter383
- Doctorow, Cory338
- Dodge, Charles552
- Dodge, Martin431
- Doegen, Wilhelm189
- do-it-yourself (DIY) capabilities with tape cassettes453
- Dolby Laboratories385
- Dombois, Florian264
- domestication of electronic sounds in American advertising388–389
- “Donatus Subaqua,”162
- “Don’t Beat Your Wife Every Night,”390
- “Don’t Worry, Be Happy,”382
- Double Music157
- “double sociality,” online music sites498
- Douglas, Susan415
- Douglass, Frederick506
- downloading music. See online music sites
- Downs, Roger431
- Doyle, James327
- Draper Laboratory227
- Drexciya154
- drip music154
- “Dripsody: An Etude for Variable Speed Recorder,”154
- Duhamel, Jean-Marie Constant203
- Dulong, Pierre Louis206
- Dunn, David166
- Dunn, John552
- DuPont236
- Dylan, Bob477
- Dyson, Frances529
- ear defenders288
- earplugs and earmuffs287–290
- and airplane travel289
- foam to improve fit and comfort289
- labor unions encouraging use289
- military use288–290
- partial deafness in modern populations288
- to prevent hearing loss288
- risks of use in sociological, otological, psychological contexts288
- stigma associated with286–288
- earthquakes, differentiating between earthquakes and explosions caused by bombs549
- echnics515
- echolocation553
- economic progress, early American industrialization52–54
- Eddie and the Otters489
- Eddington, Donald334
- Edison, Thomas Alva62, 176, 177, 190, 459, 465, 477, 544–546, 556, 557
- gap between Bell’s and Edison’s understanding of sound557
- editing sound347–408
- educational potential of radio broadcasting417
- EEG (electroencephalogram) as music258
- Ehinger, Peter104
- Ekstrom ice shelf167
- the Electric Golem490
- Électricité de France325
- electricity and underwater music159–161
- “Electronic Music in Communication,”396
- Ellis, Elmo398
- Embargo Act45
- emotion and emotional response
- car sounds119–121
- digital games361
- electronic music in advertising403–404
- Employerís Liability Insurance Association74
- “empty orchestra,” karaoke translated as466
- environmental history as area involved in sound studies7
- “ephemerality” of sound (uniqueness in time and place)143
- Erb, J. Lawrence466
- Eric Sunday Archive387
- Eshun, Kodwo507
- Etude466
- Euler, Leonard181
- euphones203
- Europe
- mechanics and motorists different “modes” of listening to cars. See automobiles
- radio infrastructure417–424
- testing automobile sound, European automotive industry102–122 See also Hungary and Czechoslovakia
- “European experiment,”420
- European Union’s Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks539
- exhaust gas turbochargers, industrial noise abatement71–73
- The Exorcist383
- experimental cylinders178
- explorative vehicle evaluation (EVE)115–116
- exploratory listening14
- explosions, differentiating between earthquakes and explosions caused by bombs549
- eyesight. See vision
- Eyriès, Charles325–327
- Facebook480
- factories. See industrial noise abatement; See industrialization
- “fading points” in hearing spectra142
- Fairchild Semiconductor236
- Faking It: The Quest for Authenticity in Popular Music508
- Faler, Paul44
- Fanon, Frantz506
- Fantasia373
- Farber, Gene242
- Feaster, Patrick464
- Federal German Society of Engineers67
- feminism
- in underwater music163–165 See also gender roles
- Fencott, Clive357
- Fernström, Mikael264
- Fero, Nagy447
- fetal ultrasound316–317
- Fichtel & Sachs92
- Fickers, Andreas411
- Fiebig, André104
- field work127–197
- “Fight against Industrial Noise,”61
- films. See movie industry
- FilmSound.org385
- Filtatron, mobile phone music app474
- Finding Nemo368
- Finnegan, Ruth449
- First Sounds researchers and historians544
- Fist Records454
- FlashSonar553
- Fleming, Peter R.301
- Fletcher, Harvey214
- Florida Keys underwater music festival161
- Flusser, Vilém338
- For the Birds369
- “For the Repair Shop,”86
- Forbidden Planet389
- Fordist Technologies528
- Form und Technik431
- Forman, Murray507
- Forty, Adrian416
- fossils, phonautograms as sonic fossils555
- Fouche, Ravon505
- Fox-Case Movietone Corporation133
- Frankfurt School227
- Frauenberger, Christopher262
- Fred Meyer536
- Free German Labor Union68
- “Fresh Air in the Workplace,”61
- Freud, Sigmund558
- Friedner, Michele320
- Friedrich-Wilhelms University in Berlin188
- Friemert, Chup432
- Frith, Simon508
- “From the Workshop Practice,”88
- The Futurist337
- Galantai, Gyorgy452
- Galileo206
- Gallaudet University324
- Gallican Sisters of Charity274
- games, digital347–366
- acoustic environment362
- active engagement358–360
- audio-visual proximity351–352
- caricature sounds351
- challenge based immersion358
- codes of realism358–362
- designers of354
- digital-signal processor (DSP) chips354
- emotional arousal to361
- haptic feedback359
- imaginative immersion358
- presence358–360
- realism358–362
- seen sound source351
- sensory immersion358
- surities in the game world357–358
- synthesized audio samples354–355
- technology of352–356
- digital-signal processor (DSP) chips354
- immersion356
- synthesized audio samples354–355
- ventriloquism effect351–352
- visualization351 See also video games
- Garcia, Juan358
- Garfinkel, Harold250
- Gaspard, Jean-Marc323
- Gatewood, Esther L.62
- Gaudeamus Foundation217
- Gaudeamus Music Week216
- Geddes, Keith416
- gender roles
- anti-noisite impulses gendered as female285
- paternalism underwriting America’s early factory system, feminization of workplace where workers mainly women42
- General Electric403
- Geneva as headquarters for international radio regulation418
- Geneva Plan420
- genres in online music sites483
- “Geographical Variation in the Vocalization of the Western Meadowlark,”144
- George, Nelson507
- Gergen, Kenneth250
- Gerlich, Christian415
- German Association of Motorists (Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil Club)83
- German Chambers of Industry and Commerce89
- German Lutheran Deaconesses274
- German Society for Industrial Hygiene60
- German Sound Archive189
- German Telefunken Society425
- “Ghost Shells,”162
- Gibson, William529
- Giedion, Siegfried509
- Gilmore, J.H.358
- Gimzewski, Jim225
- global warming, underwater music166–167
- God Created Great Whales156
- “Good Light, Good Work,”61
- Goodman, John383
- Goodwin, Andrew472
- Google336
- Gordon, Andrew383
- The Gordon Assumption164
- “Goulash Communism” in Hungary442–445
- Gouverneur Hospital282
- Graham, Dan552
- Gramophone magazine465
- Grand Opera207
- GrandWizzard Theodore469
- graphic representations
- psychological graphs, sonification of scientific data261–262
- Grau, Oliver356
- Grew, Sidney463
- Grimshaw, Mark347
- Gross, Robert A.43
- Guardian526
- Guggenheim Foundation214
- Guthmann, F.210
- Haacke, Hans552
- Hacker, Oskar83
- Haddon, Leslie416
- Hagen, Trever440
- Haight-Ashbury239
- hair length regulation in Hungary and Czechoslovakia, nonofficial music practices during Communist era444
- Haley, William D.53
- Halffman, Willem259
- Hamm’s Beer392
- “Hands Off,”94
- haptic feedback in digital games359
- Harman, Willis239
- Harmon, Genevieve153
- harmonic relations, scientific field recordings in ornithology132
- Harmonics213
- Harmonix Music Systems472
- Harper, Douglas94
- Harrison, Lou157
- Hartig, Herbert68
- Harty, Sir Hamilton155
- Harvard Medical School314
- Harvard Psychoacoustic Laboratory321
- Hastings Center Report336
- Hauksbee, Francis155
- Hawtin, Richie519
- headsets
- intrinsic to auditory privatization529 See also earplugs and earmuffs
- “hear thinking” vs. “eye thinking,”415
- hearing protection devices. See earplugs and earmuffs
- heart
- metronome measurement of heartbeats207
- stethoscopic listening to heartbeats305, 307–311 See also blood; See also blood pressure
- Heated165
- Heinrichs, Ralf104
- Henderson, J.535
- Hendrix, Jimi447
- Henriques, Julian161
- Herald (Melbourne)332
- Hessler, Rudolf81
- Hewlett-Packard236
- HiFi Klub453
- Hinde, Robert146
- hip-hop469–471, 505–525
- black culture, racial authenticity505–525
- control over sound and means of hip-hop517
- development of new turntables in 1960s and 1970s515
- digital switch
- authenticity and preservation515
- explosion of digital file sharing519
- historical representation of hip-hop characterized by analog turntables, needles, and vinyl records506
- DJs. See DJing
- rapping, vocal parts added over top of breaks as470
- real hip-hop heads515
- Hirsch, Eric389
- historical matters
- everyday life, history of as area involved in sound studies7
- industrial noise abatement59
- phonograph, historical a priori178
- stethoscope300–304
- Hitachi236
- Ho, Patrick468
- Homer277
- Hooke, Robert301
- Hooker, John Lee508
- Horbilder aus dem Leben414
- Horning, Susan136
- horns, “stridency” of106–107
- hospital noise4, 279–283, 298–299
- as agencies of urgency and potency286
- array of beds in columns and aisles like army barracks, monastic hospices, and church naves279
- diagnostic invasiveness and growth of noise279
- infant care286
- pavilion model presuming intimate supervision over fewer beds, emphasis on surveillance, and requiring open floor plan280
- private and semi-private rooms eliminating noise common to open wards285
- as research laboratories279
- as sanctuaries from noise277
- self-noise283
- technological sophistication, noise associated with285
- treatment aggressiveness and growth of noise279
- House, William327–331
- House Ear Institute328
- House of Parliament313
- Hovhaness, Alan156
- “How to Diagnose Malfunctions of Passenger Cars,”86
- Howard House327
- Hughes Aircraft236
- The Hulk376
- human hearing under water157
- Hummel, J. N.211
- Hungarian Cultural Center453
- Hungarian Record Company449
- Hungary and Czechoslovakia, nonofficial music practices during Communist era440–458
- adaptive forms of distribution452
- bigbít music scene444
- concert recordings448
- de-Stalinization442
- distribution forms451–454
- do-it-yourself (DIY) capabilities with tape cassettes453
- excitement of sociopolitical context448
- gap between ideals of socialist propaganda apparatus and practice within system443
- “Goulash Communism” in Hungary442–445
- hair length regulation444
- lectures on Czech cultural history as part of private gatherings to list to music451–454
- licenses and performance fees imposed on musicians444
- modes of listening tied to access to technology and recordings449
- Moscow, interest of443
- musical experience
- flexible, liminal space to view and imagine nonofficial and official lifeworlds449
- regimes’ control making them active participants in445
- “musicking,”441
- “normalization” of Czechoslovakia442–445
- “official,” defined441
- overhearing and eavesdropping446
- postal system distribution453
- rejection of creative constriction imposed by official institutions455
- repackaging452
- samizdat, defined442
- “Stalin’s bagpipes,”446
- technological innovations during era445
- tinkering with tapes to include political commentary452
- Hunt, Richard132
- Hurricane Katrina164
- Huth, Arno418
- Huygens, Christiaan206
- Hynde, Chrissie488
- I am Sitting in a Room552
- I Am T-Pain, mobile phone music app474
- iBone, mobile phone music app474
- “Identitones, Inc.”396
- Idhe, Don554
- The Illustrated Insectopedia166
- immersive experience18
- Imperial Academy of Saint Petersburg182
- Imperial Automobile Club (Kaiserlicher Automobil Club)81
- implants. See cochlear implants
- incunabula of sound recording544
- Industrial Light & Magic367
- industrial noise abatement44, 58–78
- antinoise campaigns59
- body types, effects of music on63
- campaigns for workplace safety61
- capitalist states73–75
- conferences61
- engines, diesel71–73
- exhaust gas turbochargers71–73
- factory community63
- historical studies59
- job satisfaction, role of music in64–65
- loudness of engines71–73
- mufflers. See earmuffs
- noise meters60
- occupational safety inspectors67–68
- otoplastics70
- propaganda60–61
- rhythm in music62–63
- socialist states67–73
- test runs of diesel engines71–73
- volume of music64
- zoning59
- industrialization, early American37–57
- agricultural capitalism43
- capitalism52–54
- class conflict, urban44
- dialects, country47
- economic progress52–54
- gender of workforce. See women workers
- “machine in the garden,”41–44
- magazines by workers46–51
- noise ordinances44
- quietness of countryside41–44
- railroads41–44
- rural production44
- shoemaking industry44
- social noise44
- thinking, effect of noise on51–52
- transition from rural life39–55
- waterpower50
- Infanti, Andrew162
- informatics
- sonification of scientific data255
- information turned into sound556
- insects, aquatic166
- instructional technologies240
- Intel236
- interdisciplinary research vs. discipline-based research shielding engineers from moral consequences of work232
- interface design, sounds in548
- International Committee of the Red Cross419
- interstate waters, noise as federal issue requiring statutory revision to authorize municipal regulation282
- iPods526–543
- App Store, music-related applications at473
- as chosen soundworld eradicating preexisting soundworld529
- “colonization,”528
- entitlement of users to personal space539
- as necessities526
- “objective alienation,”530
- paradox of connectivity producing separation540
- paradox of sound producing silence540
- privatization of environment with527–538
- and retreating from urban environment535–538
- “secessionists” in iPod culture535–538
- iTunes499
- Jackson, Myles W.201
- Jakubowicz, Karol441
- Japan, emergence of karaoke466
- jargon, online music sites485
- Jasanoff, Shelia421
- Jefferson, Thomas45
- Jenkins, Henry513
- Jewel488
- Jim’s Ithaca Music Shop489
- Jim’s Records489
- Jirous, Ivan450
- job satisfaction, role of music in64–65
- Jobs, Steve374
- John A. Hartford Foundation231
- Johnston, Trevor324
- Joint Services Electronics Program231
- Jones, Robert B., Jr.398
- Jorgensen, Kristine360
- Journal for Ethnology188
- Journal of Field Ornithology129
- Journal of the American Society of Acoustical Engineers76
- Juolo, Patrick255
- Jurassic Park375
- Kahrs, John383
- Kammerling, Hermann207
- Kangol509
- Katrina, Hurricane164
- Kearney, Paul357
- Keaton, Buster378
- Keen, Andrew477
- Keil, Charles468
- Kercheval, JC494
- Kid Creole470
- King, Martin Luther, Jr506
- King Edward’s Hospital Fund for London276
- King Pharoah492
- King’s College204
- Kingsley, Charles152
- Kingston517
- Kinscella, Hazel466
- Kish, Daniel553
- Kitchin, Rob431
- Knick Knack382
- knowledge
- 19th-century, seeing and knowing as closely coupled555
- phonautograph, dissolution of old knowledge about senses557 See also comprehension
- Knowles, Ian104
- Kobbe, Gustav463
- Kobor, Janos445
- Koch, Heinrich208
- Kohler, Robert E.146
- Kolb, Richard415
- Konig, Wolfgang120
- Kosovsky, Bob387
- Kouvaras, Linda164
- Kracauer, Siegfried529
- Kratzenstein, Christian Gottlieb182
- Krause, Bernie399
- Krebber, Winfried104
- Krefeld203
- Kreith, Marcia145
- Kretschmer, Ernst63
- Kruetzer, Conradin211
- Kuhn, Thomas509
- Kursell, Julia176
- Kwi, Slavek162
- kymograph179–181, 203, 207
- mathematically formalizing body’s processes instead of visualizing them179
- La radiodiffusion: Puissance mondiale418
- lab work201–270
- labiograph181
- lamps in animated short films379
- Landel, Eric104
- Lane, Harlan323
- Lang, Harry323
- Langdon, J. N.62
- Lange, Bernhard104
- Lange, Britta176
- language
- automobile sounds, European language differences115
- jargon, online music sites485
- MCs (masters of ceremonies), preferred term for rappers470
- sonification of scientific data, vocabulary of259–260
- synthesized sounds, language used to describe402
- Laplace, Pierre Simon206
- Larcom, Lucy54
- laryngograph181
- Last, Gunter65
- Lastra, James355
- Laurel and Hardy378
- Le Caine, Hugh154
- League of Nations419
- Leber, Sonia164
- Led Zeppelin475
- Left 4 Dead361
- Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time474
- Leitz237
- Leonardo552
- Letters to a Young German Princess181
- Level Green Recording Company489
- Lever Brothers392
- Levy, Neil Louis431
- Lewitt, Sol552
- licenses and performance fees, nonofficial music practices during Communist era444
- “Life Music,”552
- Lifted371
- Lilly, John157
- liminality of noise282
- Lindström, Carl134
- listening
- bird sounds in the field127–150
- cochlear implants, mediated nature of listening338
- continually changing ways of hearing and listening178
- early american industrialization, listening to39–57
- heroic listening277
- Hungary and Czechoslovakia, listening to music during Communist era440–458
- iPods, listening to526–543
- scientific data, listening to249–270
- shop-floor culture of listening to machines66
- stethoscopes, history of listening through300–304 See also listening modes; See also listening practices; See also listening skills
- listening modes
- distinction between different modes of listening98 n 2
- exploratory listening14
- synthetic listening14
- listening skills
- car noises, mechanics’ listening skills80–86
- literary studies
- as area involved in sound studies7
- The Little Magazine336
- Lockwood, Annea154
- Locomotive GT445
- logograph181
- Loizou, Philip336
- Lord of the Rings375
- loudness. See volume
- Louvre301
- “Lowell system,”45
- LP records in Hungary and Czechoslovakia449
- Lubell Laboratory161
- lung pressure, kymograph study179
- Luschan, Felix188
- Lynch, Michael145
- Maas, Walter217
- The Machine in the Garden41–44
- machine sound39–124
- music as human vs. machine-made sound463–466 See also automobiles; See also industrial noise abatement; See also industrialization
- Machover, Tod475
- Macy’s Department Store401
- Mademoiselle389
- Madonna484
- Magellan552
- magnetic film system, sound design in animated short films370
- Maguire, G.Q.336
- Maillard, Virginie104
- Malle, Louis377
- Malzelís, Johann Nepomuk211
- Mangione, Salvatore301
- Manhattan Research, Inc.392
- Mapping Cybespace431
- Maps in Mind: Reflections on Cognitive Mapping431
- Marcuse, Herbert530
- marketing and advertising5
- electronic music in
- 1960s389–399
- 1970s399–401
- communication problems with clients398
- consumption, post-war America391
- conversion of acoustic music398–399
- copyrights396
- domestication of electronic sounds388–389
- electronics in the 1960s388
- emotion and personality in products403–404
- growth of advertising industry391
- images, relation to394
- language used to describe synthesized sounds402
- middle class, emergence of391
- novelty of electronic music400–401
- “parity products,” use of music in advertising391
- percolating coffee pot, sounds of395–396
- radio station identifications397
- realism of sounds402–404
- science and technology studies (STS)388–389
- talking dishwasher advertisement403
- technologies, costs of388
- tonal music396
- unfamiliar sounds, use in selling products390
- variety of sounds397
- radio sets for consumers, advertising of426, 428, 430, 433 See also emotion and emotional response
- Marl, Marley520
- Marler, Peter145
- “Martineau and Organ,”153
- masking techniques, noise290
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary334
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology329
- Matsushita Corporation515
- Max Planck Institute for History of Science176
- Maxwell House Coffee395
- Mayer, John472
- Mayer-Sidd, Eugen88
- Mayo Clinic234
- McColvin, Lionel460
- McFerrin, Bobby382
- McGee, Ellen336
- McLuhan, Marshall304
- mechanical “ears” vs. human ears129
- Mechanical Instruments upon Musical Education466
- mechanical objectivity, scientific field recordings in ornithology135
- mechanics. See automobiles
- Mechanics and Manufacturers44
- medical students. See stethoscopes
- “Medicine, Rationality, and Experience,”314
- Memoir of Samuel Slater53
- mermaids163
- Metasynth software, generating sounds from data found in pictures549
- Metropolitan Hospital on Blackwell’s Island282
- Meyerbeer, Giacomo209
- Meyers, Tom371
- Michaelis, C. F.208
- Michelangelo274
- Michelson, Robin328
- Mickey Mouse369
- micropolyphony216
- microscience244
- microscopes. See acoustic microscope research
- Microsoft548
- Mike’s New Car383
- military
- bombs. See bombs
- earplugs, use in wartime288–290
- Vietnam-era protest at Stanford University, and history of probe microscopy226–241
- Miller, Simon158
- Mills, Mara320
- Ministry of Labor and the German Society for the Protection of Workers61
- modernity
- effect on producing, storing, and reproducing sound4 See also industrial noise abatement; See also industrialization
- modularity of senses and sensory technologies547
- Moffre, Mark495
- “Molecular Music,”552
- monochords208
- Monsieur G.325
- “Monsters, Inc.”383
- Montefiore, Richard495
- Montpellier. France234
- Montreux Plan420
- Moravec, Hans320
- More Songs of Wild Birds138
- Morley, Angela153
- Moscheles, Ignaz211
- motor horns, stridency of106–107
- Motorola236
- Mott, Robert L.369
- movie industry
- MST494
- multichannel sound presentation in animated short films373–374
- Mumford, Lewis509
- Murch, Walter373
- Murillo274
- Murphy416
- Musée phonographique189
- Museum for Industrial Hygiene61
- Museum of Fine Arts335
- music as human vs. mechanical activity463–466
- Music Minus One Inc.466
- music teachers, number corresponding to number of amateur musicians461
- music theory128
- music websites. See online music sites
- “music without musicians,”389
- musical experience. See experience-driven society
- musical notation. See ornithology, scientific field recordings in
- musicals, sound design in animated short films382
- “musicking,”441
- Musikalisches Lexikon208
- Muzac Corporation528
- My Dinner with Andre377
- “My Way,”477
- myxobacteria, cryogenic acoustic microscope image of243
- nanotechnology evolution244
- narrative voice, sound design in animated short films369
- NASA228
- National Cancer Institute234
- National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke331
- National Management of Light Music444
- National Measurement Laboratory at Monash University213
- National Nanotechnology Initiative244
- National Socialist Motor Corps (NSKK)91
- Neal, Mark Anthony507
- Neate, Patrick507
- needle drop technique469
- neural-computer interfaces, cochlear implants320–323
- neuroprosthetics. See cochlear implants
- neuroprosthetics, cochlear implants321
- New York City Fire Department215
- New York Daily Tribune282
- New York Public Library387
- Newman, Ernest463
- Nicolson, Malcolm303
- 19th-century, seeing and knowing as closely coupled555
- 19th-century devices rendering invisible aspects of natural world visible546
- 19th-century musical scientific instruments202–207
- 19th-century shift toward machines that treated sound as reproducible effect556
- Nintendo474
- noise
- blood pressure, blood chemistry, adrenal excretion, and coronary and cortical activity, effects of noise on286
- discrimination between sound and noise135
- earplugs. See ear defenders
- hospitals. See hospital noise
- industrial noise. See industrial noise abatement
- interstate waters, noise as federal issue requiring statutory revision to authorize municipal regulation282
- liminality of282
- masking techniques290
- ornithology, scientific field recordings in129, 135–139
- and parabolic reflectors138–140
- signal-to-noise ratio140
- as ungraspable omnipresence134
- white noise290 See also antinoise campaigns
- Noise Abatement Commission68
- Noise Water Meat154
- NORA427
- normalization of Czechoslovakia442–445
- North German League59
- “Notes from the Sick Room,”275
- Notes on Hospitals275
- Notes on Nursing275
- Notes ono Nursing for the Labouring Classes275
- novelty of electronic music400–401
- NSKK-Obersturmf¸hrer91
- nuance, perceiving data in nuanced ways226
- Obama, Barack506
- Ocean of Sound165
- “Ode to Joy,”475
- Odysseus277
- Ogawa, Hiroshi467
- “Oh, Susanna,”475
- Ohne Chauffeur82
- Oku, Shinoobu468
- Olympus237
- On the Meaning of the Phonograph for Comparative Musicology187
- On the Sensations of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music183
- “On Vowel Sounds, and on Reed-Organ Pipes,”182
- online music sites480–502
- chart positions485
- “chart whores,”485
- comments combining technical terms, technical features of music, references to sound of well-known artists, and descriptions of the sounds themselves493
- copyright infringements483
- demographics of users482
- “double sociality,”498
- ethnographic observation of users482
- features of ACIDplanet site482–485
- genres483
- getting music heard485
- guidance on music-making abilities and production skills492
- jargon485
- originality of work, requirement for483
- posting of original music483
- ProZone484
- R = R (Review = Review)491–494
- recording studio, computer as481
- reviews of music posted by “citizens,”484, 491–494
- reciprocation491–494
- standards for reviewing process493
- “transduction” from sound to other medium498
- “virtual band,”494
- Ono, Yoko154
- onomatopoetic sounds, underwater music153–154
- opera, underwater music163
- Optacon as device for scanning and converting text into mechanical vibrations for blind readers227
- organ reed pipes203
- Organisation International de Travail419
- originality of work, requirement for online music sites483
- ornithology, scientific field recordings in127–150
- “a frame of mind,”141
- analysis and description142–146
- audiospectrograph142–145
- analysis of geographic variation of Western meadowlark calls144
- ink tracing of audiospectrogram145
- birdsong, use of term132
- bobolink song transcript127
- context issues140
- description and analysis142–146
- “ephemerality” of sound (uniqueness in time and place)143
- “fading points” in hearing spectra142
- field sound vs. laboratory sound, benefits and restraints129–131
- harmonic relations132
- landscape painting analogy141
- listening as subjective and individual experience142
- mechanical objectivity135
- meter132
- microtones132
- and music theory128
- musical notation, history of animal sounds in128, 132
- mechanization of sound recording, effect on natural sound as object of scientific study129
- physics as necessary to study132
- “natural” sound137
- oscillograph142
- parabolic reflectors138–141
- pitch132
- positioning of sound source with respect to recording element137
- recording van photo138
- sonic sterility130
- sound quality, history of animal sounds in musical notation128
- timbre, history of animal sounds in musical notation128
- transhistorical idealization of nature of sound141
- transportation of equipment, difficulties134
- vibralyzer142
- oscillograph142
- Osterwaldt, Klaus162
- Ostwald, Walter92
- otoplastics70
- Oudshoorn, Nelly430
- outdoor sound recordings. See ornithology, scientific field recordings in
- Painleve, Jean153
- pair comparison test113
- Panasonic515
- Paneuropa der Sender414
- parabolic reflectors138–141
- parade154
- parapsychological synesthesia239
- Parker Pen392
- Parkhurst, Winthrop460
- “Parliament Station, Melbourne,”164
- parlograph186
- Parlophone record company134
- Paul, Stephan104
- Payne, Roger156
- pendulums as musical206–207
- perception of sound
- noise66
- nonisochronic pulses206
- phenomenology, superiority of sound for perceiving change over time225
- phonograph recordings194
- proprioceptive perception of sound231
- scientific experimentation, sonic contaminants in130
- and sonification253
- and sound-reproduction technology557
- underwater sound157
- virtual world vs. real world348
- percolating coffee pot, sounds of395–396
- percussion solos469
- Perennial Acoustic Observatory in the Antartic Ocean167
- Perry, Jesko120
- Phillips Electronics511
- Philosophical Transactions155
- philosophy of communication338
- phonautograph180, 181, 554–558
- articulation, concept of547
- display of sonic data556
- fossils, phonautograms as sonic fossils555
- “frequencies are frequencies,”557
- inscription556
- knowledge, dissolution of old knowledge about senses557
- music teachers favoring phonograph as means of engaging students466
- plasticity of sound545–547
- postsonic, phonautograph’s relationship to sound best described as postsonic546
- sonification544–560
- and sonification544–560
- sounding right vs. looking right556
- visual appearance, sounding right vs. looking right556
- visualization of sound capabilities556
- voice, deprivileging557
- phonograph11, 176–197
- acoustic tags added to recordings188
- adjusting, calibrating, and controlling correct operation of phonograph, use of ears for181
- amateur music affected by influence of sound-reproducing technologies463–466
- “becoming” of medium178
- Berlin Phonogram Archive. See Berlin Phonogram Archive
- constant adjustment, means of recording and means of listening in constant adjustment in relation to each other178
- convergence point for music psychology, ethnomusicology, experimental phonetics, and psychology, phonograph serving as194
- copies of recordings178
- cultural and ethnographic recordings188
- deterioration of recording191
- emerging recording industry189
- experiments during early 20th century176–197
- field work during early 20th century176–197
- historical a priori178
- meaning for auditory culture192
- parlograph as specialization in development of phonograph186
- phonographic montages465
- replicating for experimentation177
- similarities between phonograph and phonautograph545
- sound color, use to investigate183–185
- tagging of recordings188
- technological a priori178
- whispers184, 185 See also gramophone
- Phonographed American Indian Melodies from British Columbia188
- Phonographed Turkish Melodies188
- Phonographic Journal188
- Phonographische Zeitschrift189
- phonomusicology, defined9
- phonorealism18
- Physikalisch-technische Reichsanstalt209
- Piaf, Edith349
- piano, amateur music affected by influence of player piano463–466
- The Pianolist: A Guide for Pianola Players463
- Piccard, Auguste152
- Piccard, Jaczues152
- Picker, John51
- Pierson, Michele375
- Pine, B.J.358
- pings in underwater music155
- Pink Floyd305
- Pinocchio373
- Pioneer516
- pitch
- ornithology, scientific field recordings in132
- Pivec, Maja357
- Pixar’s RenderMan385
- Place-Verghnes, Floriane378
- Plastic People of the Universe450
- playback
- audible history of recording557
- beginning of sound recording544
- disc-playing machines465
- incunabula of sound recording544
- karaoke468
- underwater sound160
- wax cylinders, distortions produced by repeated playback191
- player immersion. See immersive experience
- player piano, amateur music affected by influence of463–466
- The Player-Piano and its Music463
- PocketGuitar, mobile phone music app474
- Police Department282
- the Police489
- Popp, Edwald417
- Porter, Roy302
- postal system distribution, music practices during Communist era453
- posting of original music at online music sites483
- postsonic relationship, phonautograph546
- Prague Workmen’s Accident Insurance Institute273
- The Price is Right381
- Privat, Edmond418
- private and semi-private rooms, hospital noise285
- privatized nature of music listening526–543
- probe microscopy technology lending itself equally well to visual and auditory outputs225
- Propellerhead514
- prosthetics. See cochlear implants
- “Protection against Noise,”67
- Provincial Central Administration for the Welfare of Recruting Veterans273
- ProZone484
- Prude, Jonathan46
- Prussian General Trade Code59
- Przeworski, Adam443
- psychoacousticians304
- Ptolemy, Claudius213
- “A Public Psychiatric Hospital for German-Bohemia,”273
- Punch276
- puppetry in animated short films383–384
- Quake III Arena361
- Quarterly Musical Magazine and Review211
- quartz tuning fork resonators213
- quasi-performative and quasi-compositional interactions465
- Quate, Calvin226–244
- queer theory and underwater music162–165
- R = R (Review = Review), online music sites491–494
- racial authenticity in hip-hop music. See hip-hop
- radio11, 411–439
- “acoustic images,” capabilities for cognitive visual and spatial imaging415
- broadcasting, emergence of413–417
- subject of intense international political and diplomatic debate418
- calibrated station scales. See station scales, below, under this heading
- conversion of knob turning movement into automatic fine-tuning of electrical circuits as masterpiece of electromechanical achievement425
- dial as mediating interface411–439
- educational and entertainment potential of broadcasting, discovery of417
- European radio infrastructure417–424
- expansion of frequency bandwidth and expansion of transmitter power, effect of423
- frequency regulation419–424
- Geneva as headquarters for international regulation418
- headphones, foam to improve fit and comfort of plugs and headphones for portable radios289
- in Hungary and Czechoslovakia446–448
- invention of424–433
- mass media, emergence of. See broadcasting, above, under this heading
- nationalistic use of radio for ideological or propagandistic purposes419
- appropriation of radio in Weimar Republic and Third Reich433
- in Hungary and Czechoslovakia446
- receiver selectivity, improvements to425
- speakers development and integration417
- station identification in American advertising397
- superheterodyne circuit (superhets), explained425
- transistor radios making music portable515
- transnational nature of broadcasting signals418
- visual station indicators425
- Radio: An Art of Sound414
- radio astronomy, study of pulsars in549
- Radio Shack335
- Radiodiffusion416
- Raffles, Hugh166
- railroads, early American industrialization41–44
- Rambert, Maurice418
- the Ramones489
- rap music
- MCs (masters of ceremonies), preferred term for rappers470
- Raphael274
- Rauschenberg, Robert238
- Rawool, Vishakha539
- realism
- digital games358–362
- electronic music in American advertising402–404
- sound design in animated short films371–372
- Rebuilt: How Becoming Part Computer Made Me More Human334
- Regnault, Victor204
- “Regrets and Revelations,”489
- Reichle, Manuel105
- repackaging music, Hungary and Czechoslovakia during Communist era452
- Research Triangle Institute334
- reverberation, underwater music153–154
- “Revolution and abrupt changes in course,”241
- rhymes in hip-hop471
- Rice, Tom298
- Riesenbeck, Hajo120
- Rigopulos, Alex472
- Rinne, Heinrich Adolf205
- “Rio Jaupeperi in Amazonas Braxil,”162
- Robinson, John205
- Rock, Pete510
- rock music
- in Hungary and Czechoslovakia444 See also Hungary and Czechoslovakia, nonofficial music practices during Communist era
- Rockwell, John508
- Rodgers, Jimmie508
- Roger Maspetiol327
- Roggeveen, Leonard433
- Roman Catholic Church207
- Roosevelt, Theodore282
- Ross, Corey465
- Rossini, Gioacchino209
- Royal Canadian Air force167
- “Running smoothness matters!”93
- rural life, transition to industrialized life39–55
- Russolo, Luigi215
- Rutherford, Ernest155
- Sabaneev, Leonid459
- Saenger, Oscar466
- sale of goods. See consumerism and sound
- Salieri, Antonio211
- samizdat, defined442
- San Francisco Tape Music Center509
- Sandberg, Ulf105
- Santa Fe Institute252
- Santa Maria Degli Angeli274
- Saturday Evening Post464
- Savart, Felix206
- Savart wheels206
- scale assessment test113
- Scaletti, Carla253
- scanning acoustic microscope. See acoustic microscope research
- scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)243
- Schäfer, Armin176
- Schafer Beer400
- Schaudenken417
- Schevill, William156
- Schicht, J. G.208
- Schickele, Rene414
- Schloss, Joe507
- Schmalz, Eduard205
- Schmidgen, Henning130
- Schmidt, Uta433
- Schneider, Wolfgang105
- Schoenberg, Arnold153
- Schulte-Fortkamp, Brigitte115
- science and technology studies (STS)103, 108–110
- as area involved in sound studies7
- electronic music in American advertising388–389
- testing automobile sound108–110
- visual representations, scientists’ predilection for224
- Science News Letter139
- scientific instruments as musical201–223
- beat tones204
- chronographs204
- clavicylinders203
- combination tones204
- euphones203
- micropolyphony216
- monochord208
- nineteenth century instruments202–207
- chronographs204
- clavicylinders203
- euphones203
- sirens205–206
- tuning forks202–205
- organ reed pipes203
- pendulums206–207
- quartz tuning fork resonators213
- Savart wheels206
- sound waves with tuning forks203
- summation tones204
- transverse vibrations203
- tuning forks
- development and use of202–205
- Scratch510
- Scratch Live520
- Seebeck, August206
- Seitz, Robert414
- The Self-Driver81
- self-recording instruments179
- gramophone. See gramophone
- kymograph. See kymograph
- labiograph, laryngograph, and logograph181
- phonograph. See phonograph
- semantic differential scale assessment113–115
- semiotic theory549
- Sennett, Richard538
- sensory experiences of consumers. See experience-driven society
- sensory plasticity545–547
- sensory studies9
- Serato Audio Research520
- Sergeant Pepper495
- “Series of Lectures to Workingmen, Mechanics, and Apprentices,”53
- Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944391
- The Setmakers416
- sexuality
- underwater music164–165 See also gender roles
- Shaikh, Adham492
- Shapin, Steven158
- Shilling, Russell361
- shoemaking, early American industrialization44
- Shore, John202
- Short, K. R. M.447
- Siegman, Tony241
- SIGGRAPH (Special Interest Group on Graphics)377
- sign language, sign for cochlear implants323
- Sign Language Studies324
- signal processing, cochlear implants332–336
- The Silent World153
- Simmons, F. Blair328
- Simon, Paul447
- “Simple Folks,”494
- simulators, automobile111–113
- singing under water162–163
- single channel. See cochlear implants
- Sistine Madonna274
- size scale focus vs. phenomena or applications focus244
- SL-1100 and SL-1200 turntables515
- Slack, Jennifer Daryl547
- slapping noise in carss79
- Slater, Samuel53
- Slavin, Amie162
- Slonimsky, Nicholas215
- Small, Christopher441
- Smule’s Ocarina474
- social networking. See online music sites
- social noise44
- socialist states
- industrial noise abatement67–73 See also Hungary and Czechoslovakia, nonofficial music practices during Communist era
- Society for Dissemination of Scientific Knowledge449
- sociotechnical community498
- “Some Suggestions for Better Methods of Rcording and Studying Bird Song,”133
- “Sonafon,”162
- “Song Development in Hand-Raised Oregon Juncos,”145
- Songs of the Humpback Whale156
- Songs of Wild Birds139
- Sonic Antarctica166
- sonic environment. See acoustic ecology
- Sonic Foundry software company481
- sonic skills, defined11
- sonic sociotechnical communities. See online music sites
- sonic sterility, ornithology field recordings130
- SonicFinder548
- sonification5, 544–560
- acceptance, “sonification” community’s struggles for acceptance of data in audible rather than visual form225
- aesthetics of550–553
- animation and re-animation of553–555
- as articulation of sonic and nonsonic556
- cause and effect in semiotic theory549
- contemporary art552
- corrective or supplement to visual display548
- defined548
- digitization549
- as distinct from music. See “boundary work”
- DNA sequences, sonification by assigning pitches to amino acid sequences552
- echolocation553
- empirical weight, conversion of data between senses553
- as legitimate scientific field551
- parameters of547–550
- phonautograph544–560
- radio astronomy, study of pulsars in549
- as science or music225
- scientific data. See sonification of scientific data
- semiotic theory549
- superiority of ear to eye550
- transcoding549
- visual display, as corrective or supplement to548
- sonification of scientific data249–270
- acoustics, study of251
- asteroseismologists254
- brainwaves as music258
- breaching experiments250
- cell biology549
- collaboration in263
- comprehension aid250
- design field263–264
- EEG as music258
- evaluation of261–264
- boundary work264
- collaboration263
- graphs, psychological261–262
- peer review practices262–263
- research, definition of263
- graphs, psychological261–262
- informatics255
- music, comparison with258–259
- peer review practices262–263
- research, definition of263
- researchers251
- speech, use of253
- vocabulary of259–260
- sonocytology549
- Sottek, Roland105
- sound art161
- sound color, phonograph to investigate183–185
- sound design
- in animated short films. See animation
- in cars
- concrete sound-design specifications for cars, necessity of “realistic” setting for listening to sounds110
- experience society requiring increasing focus on sound design119 See also automobiles
- defined7
- sound mapping, listening to cars88
- sound quality index116
- sound track in animated short films370–371
- sound waves with tuning forks
- scientific instruments as musical203
- sounding right vs. looking right556
- sound-writers546
- Space Age News328
- Spalding465
- Special Effects: Still in Search of Wonder375
- special effects in animated short films375–376
- speech
- sonification of scientific data253
- “speech self-writings.” See phonautograph
- Speeth, Sheridan548
- Spencer, Herbert279
- Spiderman376
- Spohr, Ludwig211
- Spontini, Gaspare211
- Sprite396
- Sprocket Systems372
- “Stairway to Heaven,”475
- “Stalin’s bagpipes,”446
- Stanford electrical engineering department239
- Stanford Medical School233
- Stanford School of Engineering227
- Stanford’s School of Engineering239
- Stangl, Alex488
- Stankievech, Charles167
- Stapinksi, Helene473
- Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan367
- Stassfurt426
- State Emigrant Hospital of Manhattan280
- station scales, radio
- conversion of unfathomable “ether” into meaningful places425
- invention of424–431
- Stea, David431
- Stefan, Josef209
- stethoscopes5
- acoustemology of blood flow305
- auscultation
- for diagnosis299–300
- history of usage301–304
- learning to listen306
- of many hearts313–316
- obsolescence of311–313
- training medical students308–311
- autoauscultation315–317
- cultural differences in use of312
- diagnostic resource, body sounds as298–319
- as dying technology312–313
- family, practicing on314–315
- fetal ultrasound316–317
- hospitals, sounds of298–299
- learning to listen306–308
- lub dub of the heart307
- medical students
- auscultation, demonstrating312
- autoauscultation315–317
- learning to listen306–311
- practicing on family314–315
- psychoacousticians304
- stethoscopes
- cultural differences in use of312
- as dying technology312–313
- training medical students308–311
- taxonomy of heart murmurs311
- training medical students308–311
- Stille halbe Stunde274
- Stockburger, Axel350
- Stockel, G. E.209
- Stockhausen, Karlheinz215
- storytelling in animated short films377–384
- STS. See science and technology studies
- studio house style, defined376–377
- Stupp, Friedrich91
- Submarine Signal Company of Boston156
- submarines and underwater music155
- subversive messages in Hungarian and Czechoslovakian rock music445
- Suggestions for the Transcription of Exotic Melodies187
- Sullivan, Arthur477
- summation tones204
- superheterodyne circuit (superhets), explained425
- Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI)105
- Swets, John321
- Switched on Beach400
- synesthetic conversion from one sense to another
- extending perception by fusing different senses240
- Optacon as device for scanning and converting text into mechanical vibrations227
- parapsychological synesthesia239
- societal advancement, synesthetic conversion inseparable from230
- technophilic-synesthetic extensions of awareness238 See also conversion of data to visual or audible representations
- synthesized audio samples, digital games354–355
- synthetic listening14
- Szonyei, Tomas452
- tagging of recordings188
- talking dishwasher advertisement403
- Tamura, Miwako145
- tape recorders
- ornithology, scientific field recordings in138, 139 See also cassettes and cassette players
- Taylor, Yuval508
- Technical Noise Abatement Commission73
- technophilic-synesthetic extensions of awareness238
- “technostemology,”15
- “Teenager Party,”447
- Teknoskop87
- telephonography190
- Terminator 2: Judgement Day375
- teroseismologists254
- Tex Avery: A Unique Legacy378
- Texas Heart Institute307
- Theberge, Paul508
- thematic uses of sound in animated short films368
- “thinglike,” sound as5
- thinking, effect of noise on51–52
- Thoma, Gerhard105
- Thoreau, Henry David48
- Thorpe, Bill146
- timbre, history of animal sounds in musical notation128
- tinnitus288
- Titkow, Anna443
- Todd AO373
- toilets, underwater music163–164
- tonal music in American advertising396
- Tonndorf, Juergen304
- “Tonometric Study of a German Folksong,”191
- Total Identity105
- T-Pain474
- transformation of sound4
- transnational nature of radio broadcasting signals418
- transverse vibrations203
- tree echo79
- Trieste152
- Trips Festival demonstrating ability of technologies to amplify human consciousness239
- Trocco, Frank401
- Tromlitz, J. G.207
- TRW236
- Tucker, Bonnie323
- Tuileries Garden300
- tunneling microscopy243
- Turner, Fred240
- Twain, Mark283
- 20th-century musical scientific instruments213–218
- “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star,”475
- Überall her aus der Welt414
- underground culture. See Hungary and Czechoslovakia, nonofficial music practices during Communist era
- Underwater Concerts158
- underwater music151–175
- bell sounds155–156
- cold war156
- composers152–153
- data collection167
- defined151–152
- drip music154
- electricity159–161
- electronic effects153–154
- evoking153–154
- feminism163–165
- glaciers, melting166
- global warming166–167
- human hearing under water157
- iconic sounds153
- insects, aquatic166
- invoking153–154
- labs158
- mermaids163
- onomatopoetic sounds153–154
- opera163
- pings155
- queer theory162–165
- reverberation153–154
- safety concerns159–161
- schizophonia162
- sexuality164–165
- silence of the ocean152
- singing under water162–163
- soaking153–168
- sound art161
- sounding the ocean168n
- submarines155
- toilets163–164
- underwater shapes158–159
- vocalizing under water162–163
- waterfalls169n
- wetness154
- women163–164
- Underwater Music158
- “Underwater Waltz,”153
- unfamiliar sounds, use in selling products390
- Union International de Radiodiffusion419
- University of California, La Jolla159
- University of California at Irvine234
- University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)157
- University of California-San Francisco328
- University of Melbourne331
- University of North Dakota234
- University of Pittsburgh331
- University of Texas, Dallas336
- University of the Saarland65
- unwanted sound. See noise
- Up368
- uploading music. See online music sites
- Urban, Jack328–330
- urban cultural expression. See hip-hop
- urban studies as area involved in sound studies7
- urban traffic noise106
- U.S. Congress462
- U.S. Department of Agriculture234
- U.S. National Science Foundation253
- users of online music sites485–490
- “citizens” of ACIDplanet483
- role in shaping website496
- user profiles483
- USSR Labor Research Institute in Moscow64
- Van Lente, Harro255
- van Oost, Ellen430
- Vargas, Kelaine176
- Variations IV394
- Velvet Underground450
- ventriloquism effect, digital games351–352
- Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI)60
- Vermeulen, Rob105
- Versammlung deutscher Naturforscher und Aerzte208
- Vertesi, Janet432
- Verveyen, Johannes Maria415
- Vestax VRX-2000517
- Vettel, Eric227
- vibralyzer142
- Vicks392
- Victrola461
- video games
- Guitar Hero471–473
- mobile phones and music-related applications473–476
- sound design in animated short films376, 385 See also games, digital
- Viennese Phonogram Archive190
- Vietnam-era protest at Stanford University, tracing prehistory of probe microscopy back to226–241
- vinyl records, hip-hop centered on506
- Viotti, Giovanni Battista211
- Virgin274
- “virtual bands” in online music sites494
- vision
- 19th-century, seeing and knowing as closely coupled555
- acoustic microscopy, ability to “see” things optical microscopes cannot235
- animated short films, visual culture, perspectives on realism371–372
- blindness. See blind persons
- data, visual representation of. See conversion of data to visual or audible representations
- Metasynth software, generating sounds from data found in pictures549
- radio enabling ear to become serious rival to eye415
- sonification
- as corrective or supplement to visual display548
- superiority of ear to eye550
- visual appearance, sounding right vs. looking right556
- visual radio station indicators425
- visualization
- digital games351
- kymograph, mathematically formalizing body’s processes instead of visualizing them179
- phonautograph556
- software design contributing to visualization of sound556
- vita contemplativa51
- vocabulary. See language
- Vogl, Joseph193
- Voice of America446–448
- voices, sound design in animated short films382–384
- Vokno454
- VolkswagenStiftung176
- volume (loudness)
- automobile sounds107–108
- von Hagen, Baron188–190
- von Helmholtz, Hermann204
- von Hornbostel, Erich Moritz187–192
- von Kempelen, Wolfgang182
- von Weber, Carl Maria210
- vox humana208
- Vulcan Shipyard of Bremen72
- Wallace, Anthony F. C.43
- Wang, Ge475
- war
- bombs. See bombs
- earplugs, use in wartime288–290
- Vietnam-era protest at Stanford University, and history of probe microscopy226–241
- World War I and car ownership81
- Wardynski, Casey361
- Warner, Edward109
- Warner Bros.382
- warning signals
- “War’s Brutalising Influence,”276
- Watchman375
- Water Babies152
- Water Music154
- “Water Piece,”154
- Water Whistle158
- waterfalls, underwater music169n
- waterpower, early American industrialization50
- “Wave Play,”162
- Waves153
- Wazowski, Mike383
- web 2.0477
- Weber, Wilhelm Eduard203
- Weheliye, Alexander507
- Wein Modern258
- Wen-Chung215
- Wertheimer, Max187
- West, Steve520
- Western culture, visual bias in11
- Western Felt Works106
- Western Meadowlark143
- Westminster Bridge313
- “Wet Sounds,”161
- White, George53
- white noise290
- Whole Earth Catalog240
- “Why Bird Song An Not Be Described Adequately,”142
- Wickramasinghe, Kumar244
- Wiggins, Keith “Cowboy,”470
- Willebrand, Guy465
- The Wilson Bulletin129
- Winderen, Jana165
- Winkel, Diederich Nicolaus211
- Wired Magazine513
- Wise, J. Macgregor547
- Without Chauffeur82
- “Wo entsteht das Geräusch?”87
- Wodell, F. W.466
- women
- in underwater music163–164 See also gender roles
- Woodward, Ian515
- Woolf, Virginia285
- Woolgar, Steven430
- “Work, Culture, and Society in Industrializing America, 1815-1919,”46
- Wormbs, Nina420
- WQUA radio398
- Wyatt, S.62
- Wynne, Brian421
- Xerox PARC240
- Yamagata, Rachael532
- “You Who Will Emerge from the Flood,”162
- Young, Thomas204
- Young Sherlock Holmes367
- Youngblood, Gene362
- Your Hit Parade392
- Zeitler, Alfred105
- Zhang, Charles105
- Ziegler, Susanne176
- zoning and noise abatement59
- Zweig, Arnold415
- Zyda, Michael361
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