
Contents
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The Role of Past Behavior The Role of Past Behavior
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The Conceptualization and Measurement of Habit The Conceptualization and Measurement of Habit
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Progress in Habit Research Progress in Habit Research
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Mental Habits Mental Habits
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Habitual Negative Self-Thinking and Implicit Processes Habitual Negative Self-Thinking and Implicit Processes
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Outstanding Issues Outstanding Issues
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Where Is the Habit? Where Is the Habit?
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Breaking and Forming Habits Breaking and Forming Habits
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Habits and Goals Habits and Goals
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Metacognitive Reflection on Habits Metacognitive Reflection on Habits
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Conclusion Conclusion
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References References
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5 5 Habit: From Overt Action to Mental Events
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Published:November 2009
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Abstract
In this chapter, the author makes the case both for the ubiquity of habitual behaviors and for their non-conscious nature. The author discusses a meta-analysis suggesting that past behavior is the dominant predictor of frequently performed behaviors, though intention is the dominant predictor of infrequent behaviors. This discussion helps to delineate some of the boundary conditions for different mediators of behavior covered in this section of this book. The author observes that habitual behaviors tend to be externally cued, formally recognizing that habit cannot be equated solely with past behavioral frequency, as the processes underlying that frequency also matter. Finally, the author discusses relationships among motivation, goals and habits, suggesting that higher-level aspects of behaviors (e.g., goals) can become habitual even when lower-level aspects (execution of the behavior) are not.
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