
Published online:
01 September 2012
Published in print:
01 May 2011
Online ISBN:
9780199965151
Print ISBN:
9780195339970
Contents
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Cerebellar mechanisms remain disputed and controversial Cerebellar mechanisms remain disputed and controversial
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The cerebellum coordinates the learning and performance of movements involving multiple muscles and joints The cerebellum coordinates the learning and performance of movements involving multiple muscles and joints
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Different cerebellar parts regulate different types of multimuscled movements Different cerebellar parts regulate different types of multimuscled movements
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Purkinje cells organize the cerebellar cortex into parasagittal stripes Purkinje cells organize the cerebellar cortex into parasagittal stripes
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The deep cerebellar nuclei provide the sole source of cerebellar output to the rest of the brain The deep cerebellar nuclei provide the sole source of cerebellar output to the rest of the brain
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Information passes through two loops within the cerebellum Information passes through two loops within the cerebellum
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Purkinje cells inhibit deep cerebellar nuclear neurons that powerfully facilitate movement Purkinje cells inhibit deep cerebellar nuclear neurons that powerfully facilitate movement
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THE CEREBELLUM USES SENSORY AND CORTICAL INPUTS TO ORCHESTRATE THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF MULTIPLE MUSCLES TO COORDINATED MOVEMENTS THE CEREBELLUM USES SENSORY AND CORTICAL INPUTS TO ORCHESTRATE THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF MULTIPLE MUSCLES TO COORDINATED MOVEMENTS
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Mossy fibers carry reafference and efference copy inputs to the cerebellar cortex and deep nuclei Mossy fibers carry reafference and efference copy inputs to the cerebellar cortex and deep nuclei
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The cerebellum is critical to the proper termination of movements The cerebellum is critical to the proper termination of movements
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Climbing fibers are key to cerebellar learning Climbing fibers are key to cerebellar learning
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Different regions of the cerebellum affect different types of movements through participation in distinct circuits Different regions of the cerebellum affect different types of movements through participation in distinct circuits
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Information about intended and actual movements arise from spino- and cuneocerebellar tracts- Information about intended and actual movements arise from spino- and cuneocerebellar tracts-
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Information from the cerebral cortex reaches the cerebellum by way of the pontine nuclei Information from the cerebral cortex reaches the cerebellum by way of the pontine nuclei
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The output of the vermis targets descending postural control and orienting tracts The output of the vermis targets descending postural control and orienting tracts
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The output of the paravermis targets the lateral corticospinal and rubrospinal tracts The output of the paravermis targets the lateral corticospinal and rubrospinal tracts
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Cerebellar loops through the vermis and paravermis continually check movements Cerebellar loops through the vermis and paravermis continually check movements
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Open loops through the lateral cerebellar hemispheres are used to learn new fancy movements Open loops through the lateral cerebellar hemispheres are used to learn new fancy movements
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The cerebellum may also modulate nonmotor functions including cognition, affect, and homeostasis The cerebellum may also modulate nonmotor functions including cognition, affect, and homeostasis
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Additional readings Additional readings
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Cite
Mason, Peggy, 'Cerebellum', Medical Neurobiology, 1 edn (2011; online edn, Oxford Academic, 1 Sept. 2012), https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780195339970.003.0024, accessed 6 May 2025.
Abstract
The cerebellum uses sensory feedback and information about intended actions to ensure coordinated and smooth movementsdespite changing conditions.
Keywords:
cerebellum, motor memory, motor coordination, sensory feedback, vermis, paravermis, vestibulocerebellum, Purkinje cells, cerebellar circuitry, deep cerebellar nuclei, dentate nucleus, cerebellar cortex, reafference, efference copy, feed-forward modulation, granule cells, dysdiadochokinesia, dysmetria, hypermetria, ataxia, decomposition of movement, climbing fibers, spinocerebellar tracts, pontine nuclei, mossy fibers
Collection:
Oxford Medicine Online
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