... for the positivity bias in older adults ( Fields et al. 2021 ). One perspective, represented by socioemotional selectivity theory (SST), assumes that people change their motivation with age ( Carstensen et al. 1999 ; Mather 2012 ; Carstensen and Hershfield 2021 ). Older adults perceive that the time left in life...

... possible that the relationship between task performance and emotional valence of TUTs is different for older adults. Specifically, if there is a positivity bias in older adults’ mind wandering, then the correlation between positive TUTs and task performance should be stronger as these are the thoughts...

... neurobiological techniques, sheds light on our understanding of human social behaviors during aging and may help develop strategies to counter related social challenges among the older adults population. Aging-related positivity bias Chemogenetic hM3Dq-DREADD Tube test National Natural Science Foundation...

... = 16.48, SD = 2.66) than younger adults (M = 14.58, SD = 1.97; t(46) = 2.82, p = .007). Emotion Episodic future simulation Older adults Positivity bias We devised short narratives (M = 304 words, SD = 32) in second person for 18 scenarios...

...Tetsuro KOBAYASHI; Christian COLLET; Shanto IYENGAR; Kyu S. HAHN immigration citizenship naturalization person-positivity bias experiment ‘With regard to dealing with the population decline, in addition to working to improve the birth rate...

... Differentiation Face perception Positivity bias Trait impressions P eople readily form first impressions of others’ psychological qualities from their facial appearance. Indeed, after only 39ms of exposure to a face, people’s impressions are no different than after prolonged exposure ( Bar, Neta...

... may be particularly associated with the processes of self-positivity bias. Fig. 1 Reaction time ( A ) and adjectives endorsed (%) ( B ) for positive and negative words that were high self-relevant and low self-relevant for each participant. The error bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean...

... and, second, how far they realistically expect to go in school. Aspiration-attainment gap Cigarette smoking Economically disadvantaged students Fidelity Interventions Message-undermining reactance Positivity bias Reactance Self-serving biases Temporal distance AMERICAN STUDENTS ASPIRE TO GET GOOD...

..., systematic biases, and random errors. Two common biases in romantic relationships—positivity bias and similarity bias—are the focus of the chapter. The two major approaches to conceptualizing and assessing accuracy and biases—the variable...

... wisdom biases Caldeira G institutional legitimacy legitimizing symbols policy disagreements positivity bias research designs salient cases symbols legitimizing Badas A Bartels B Christenson D P Dinas E Glick D M Hausegger L judicial elections motivated reasoning perceptions public...

... complacency positivity bias People tend to overtrust autonomous systems. In 1995, while traveling from Bermuda to Boston, the Royal Majesty cruise ship ran aground because the ship’s autopilot malfunctioned after having been left on for thirty-four hours ( Charette 2009 ). On June 1, 2009...

... of confidants friendship insomnia loneliness sadness suicide bulimia cultural influences on happiness positive illusions positivity bias Taiwan anxiety depression mental health John Stuart Mill positivity bias Ludwig Wittgenstein Happiness in intelligent people is the rarest thing I know...