... insights into belief polarization and the spread of partisan and false information online. extremism fake news moralization political bias polarization sharing social media European Research Council 10.13039/501100000781 Experiment 4 adopted the same design as Experiments 1–3, but we relied on eight...

... by sections on broadcasting and political bias in Scotland, on internet coverage, and Scottish political journalism. Scottish stories in the UK news agenda are examined, followed by a consideration of how Scottish news accounts for debate over the Union. The chapter concludes by affirming the importance...

...This chapter considers whether or not the economics prize has a political bias. Counting journal citations illuminates the main clusters of economic authority, the pulse of economic opinion and thought, the reputations of particular individuals, and Nobel selection strategy. The Nobel selectors...

... Liberty University McCarthyism Religious institutions cultural conservative professors at Thielens Wagner Wheaton College passing political bias stigma tenure gays and lesbians culture wars We met our first closeted professor in a leafy park, about one mile from his prestigious research...

... of Defense World War II Layard Richard military hardware Parker John Russian Civil War Russo–Japanese War Temin Peter Feshbach Murray Pennsylvania University of Sovietology economics professional norms civilianization essense of socialism political bias exculpatory incantations Cold Warrior...

...In an age when pundits constantly decry overt political bias in the media, we have naturally become skeptical of the news. But the bluntness of such critiques masks the highly sophisticated ways in which the media frame important stories. This book delves deep into the archives to examine coverage...

...This book asks whether Japanese judges face career incentives with a political bias. The radical left has been wrong about many things, but they were right about the courts. Japanese judges do need to worry about the views of the politicians in the Cabinet. They do not face skewed incentives...

... 138 Abe Haruhiko Communist Party New Left Miyamoto Yasuaki Ushiomi Toshitaka Hanada Masamichi Konno Toshio chief judge role of presidency of High Court relative prestige of judicial incentives political bias leftists courts court organization personnel structure Japanese politicians...

... D Obama Barack partisanship Groseclose T Hamilton J T Milyo J Gentzkow M Mullainathan S negativity Shapiro J M Shleifer A Cappella J cynicism Jamieson K H Norris P Robinson M strategic frames virtuous circle media bias political bias ideological bias selection bias commercial...

...This chapter surveys the many kinds of political bias. These include special interest bias, “knowledge falsification” by the majority, innate majoritarian bias, status quo bias, cultural cognition and motivated reasoning, and framing. It then shows that democracy is often able to overcome biases...

...This chapter explains how humanitarianism is anti-politics. Relief workers and organizations are supposed to uphold the principle of acting without political bias or self-interest. However, critics imply that relief organizations' principle of neutrality acts as a strategic facade for the more...

... Radio print press print media clientelism fragmentation journalism Media instrumentalism constitution s Monopoly ization Portugal Spain media systems polarized pluralism market development intervention political bias journalist professionalization The number of comparative studies...

... counterintuitive effects papers research quality publication bias statistical significance political bias researcher bias file drawer problem A key goal of scientific research is the accumulation of knowledge, or what Isaac Newton referred to as “standing on the shoulders of giants.” An individual social...

...This chapter reviews research on political bias in academia. The best evidence suggests discrimination at the point of hiring and promotion certainly does not account for the dominance of liberals in the professoriate. Nonetheless, much evidence suggests that conservatives confront real...

... Social Science Research Walt Stephen Wright Jim Amato Paul Chronicle of Higher Education Sherkat Darren Allen Douglas Cheng Simon The Chronicle Review Powell Ross Smith Christian Confirmation bias Rose Scott University of Texas Closeted conservatives Cowardice political bias stigma...

... conservatism Media conservatives hired by Military institutions Policy jobs for conservatives Presidential elections conservative professors views of Religious institutions cultural conservative professors at political bias economics political science social-science methods humanities sociology...

... scientists should be particularly mindful of the potential for political bias. The public views social science as partly a “guided pursuit of evidence in favor of scientists’ personal ideology” on controversial topics. ⁵³ Republicans have less trust in university-created knowledge, especially...

... Augustine Nietzsche rational irrationality rational ignorance motivated reasoning political bias political irrationality political psychology Perfectionist arguments for democracy hold that democracy and widespread political participation are good because they tend to educate, enlighten, and ennoble...

... of the structural, political, and economic characteristics of the Israeli news media. The second part outlines characteristics of the Israeli media coverage of political news, election campaigns, and political satire, such as framing, mediatization, negativity, personalization, and political bias. British Mandate...