... are the fitness consequences of rDNA copy number variation outside and within the natural range in standard laboratory growth conditions? (2) Do these fitness effects change in different growth conditions? We used growth competitions to compare the fitness effects of rDNA copy number variation in otherwise...

... of how selection acts on both males and females. For example, if male-male competition predominates and selection favours harmful, dominant males, then female and population fitness may be compromised. Here, using Drosophila melanogaster, we performed two artificial selection experiments...

.../ ), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Host-associated microbiomes often promote host health, yet the key drivers of microbiome assembly and its consequences for host fitness remain unclear. We aimed...

... more deprived areas. This approach appears to enhance preoperative fitness and PROs for patients undergoing surgery potentially reducing postoperative complications and improving postoperative quality of life. Graphical Abstract Prehabilitation Lung Cancer Surgery NSCLC Resection Patient-Reported...

... heterologous proteins and anchoring these using LPxTG anchors can significantly reduce bacterial fitness. To understand the underlying mechanisms and limiting factors, we analyzed 11 recombinant L. plantarum strains expressing the HaloTag reporter protein with the same LPxTG anchor but varying signal...

... This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model ( https://dbpia.nl.go.kr/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights ) Abstract Unraveling the consequences of hybridization on fitness is of main concern in ecology and evolution. Many...

... Recirculating blood T cells of patients with SSc showed a significantly increased CD4⁺ terminally differentiated effector memory (TEMRA) compartment (p= 0.0171) and impaired mitochondrial fitness. In patients with SjD, blood CD8⁺ T cells were overall reduced and showed...

.../ ), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Objective To investigate the independent associations of hyperandrogenaemia (HA) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with physical fitness in women among the general...

.../standard-publication-reuse-rights ) Abstract Heritable fitness differences between individuals are the currency of evolution but can be challenging to quantify with precision. A slight probabilistic fitness advantage to one relatively healthy individual over another is often too subtle to detect...

... on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. Abstract Cardiorespiratory fitness declines with ageing and is a major risk factor of cardiometabolic diseases and early death. Although the benefits of regular exercise are well established, whether maximal oxygen uptake...

... do not fully understand the demographic mechanisms by which these animals buffer the environmental challenges, because while cooperation typically increases the fitness mean, whether it alters the variance to further reduce the population risk of stochastic extinction is unclear. We addressed...

... Additionally, osmotic stress enhances biofilm formation and modifies cell wall composition in Candida spp. ³ Here, we show that prolonged overexpression of virulence and morphological transition genes may contribute to increased cellular fitness under osmotic stress. Our findings...

... inserted genomic-barcode fitness experiment within an animal model and use this system to precisely measure the influence of the concentration of the anthelmintic compound ivermectin on the strength of selection on an ivermectin resistance cassette. The combination of the trio of knockouts in neuronally...

...-publication-reuse-rights ) Abstract Mating preferences frequently evolve because they confer fitness benefits to the chooser. While there is strong evidence for both direct and indirect fitness benefits in the context of female mate choice, the potential for males to receive indirect benefits from mate...

...: Professor Judith L. Charlton, Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Australia, Email: judith.charlton@monash.edu Medical fitness-to-drive Driving issues Geriatric assessment Primary care Accepted Manuscript Validation of the Candrive Older Driver Risk Stratification Tool...

... rehabilitation was equally effective when performed with thrice weekly supervised exercise training sessions or partly performed at home while monitored with fitness trackers and a biosensor vest. Patients who self-select digitally monitored home training were slightly younger, fitter, and had better quality...

... and on their offspring fitness in different breeding contexts. In southern Québec, chipmunks live in a pulse resource system where they anticipate masting events of the American beech (Fagus grandifolia) and breed during the summer preceding and/or the spring following a mast. We found that, within a litter...

...) to follow the reproductive fitness. b) Large cage setting To test for differences between male color genotypes under limited morph availability and low encounter rate, we performed a pairwise choice experiment. In each mating 0trial, two males in specific color genotype combinations were offered to a female...

... and maternal provenance are important for understanding the cascading effects of climate warming. climate change offspring fitness plant-enemy interaction plant invasions population provenance transgenerational effect Accepted Manuscript Long-term warming legacies facilitate invasive plant growth...

... be described by an uphill walk in a fitness landscape. However, climbing the global peak in a multipeak landscape is improbable because of the high chance of being trapped at a local peak. Nonetheless, over three-quarters of simulated adaptive walks in the fitness landscape of the Escherichia coli...