... were obtained from formalin-fixed “wet” tissue based on the coronal level at which the sections are obtained. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)- and Luxol fast blue/periodic acid-Schiff (LFB/PAS)-stained sections of “anterior” insula, taken at the level of nucleus accumbens, yielded insular cortex...

... of emotional expressions, finding widespread modulations in prefrontal/insular regions (anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, orbitofrontal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus) and motor territories (Rolandic operculum and inferior frontal junction). Subsequently, we electrically stimulated the activated...

.... We analyzed RSFC in the amygdala (AMG) and anterior insula (aINS), which are core regions of the salience network that are likely to be involved in hyperarousal. We also analyzed electroencephalography (EEG) relative beta power and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters (e.g. low and high frequency...

... their first response was incorrect or when the feedback was negative. Greater activations for changing were found in the inferior frontal junction, anterior insula (AI), anterior cingulate, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Changing responses were also accompanied by reduced connectivity from the AI...

... processing is not specifically tied to the sensory stimulus, but instead, depends on the consequences of that stimulus for sensorimotor control of behavior. pain prediction action anterior insula midcingulate cortex Distinguished Young Investigator FYF-2013-687 The cerebral cortex plays a major role...

... signatures of belief updating, both in rTPJ and in nodes of the attention and salience networks. The interindividual variability of the behavioral cTBS effect was related to differential activity and rTPJ connectivity of the right anterior insula. These results demonstrate a crucial interaction between...

... such as empathy for pain are crucial components of the aesthetic experience of artworks. art anterior insula cingulate cortex inferior frontal gyrus pain Chiesi Foundation 10.13039/100007561 Maria Paola Chiesi The experimental protocol consisted of two sessions (see Figure 1 ): Fig. 1...

... roles of anterior insula (AI) and midanterior cingulate cortex (mid-ACC), which are frequently implicated in acute pain. To address this, we examined a unique group of heterozygous carriers of the rare R221W mutation on the nerve growth factor (NGF) gene. R221W carriers show a congenitally reduced...

... methamphetamine abstinence and longer term methamphetamine abstinence individuals relative to healthy comparison men in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. A significant interaction of group and condition in the anterior insula was found. Relative to healthy comparison participants, both shorter term...

... unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. holding hands anterior cingulate anterior insula attachment connectivity Viewing pictures of deceased relatives induces sadness and engages a network of brain regions including the anterior...

... by an augmented fMRI signal in the anterior insula, the hypothalamus, the nucleus accumbens and the ventral tegmental area, as well as by an attenuated one in the internal globus pallidus. Furthermore, anticipatory activity in the anterior insula correlated positively with the degree of laughter that was produced...

... to the participant’s experimental condition (appraisal support, emotional support and no support). Results showed that the experience of social exclusion is modulated by the type of support received. Specifically, emotional support decreased negative emotions and anterior insula activity, while appraisal support...

... and aversive avoidance. Importantly, while on the behavioral level oxytocin selectively enhanced accuracy when approaching social positive stimuli, on the neural level it decreased left ventral and right dorsal anterior insula activity in response to social vs nonsocial positive stimuli compared...

...) Talairach coordinates ROI name Mean t value X Y Z Target-defined ROIs (open contrast of target presentation)  Left anterior insula (AI) 8.77 −28 22 0  Right anterior insula 7.42 29 19 0  dAnterior cingulate cortex (dACC) 7.18 −4 7 45...

... and potential stimulation targets in 145 healthy adults. We compared connectivity patterns with distant regions of particular relevance in the development and maintenance of addiction. We used stringent Bonferroni-correction for multiple comparisons. We show how the anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate...

... activity in arousal circuitry, including anterior insula. We also predicted that successful inhibition to these cues would engage increased activity in cognitive control regions such as the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) ( Aron et al.,2014 ). Lastly, we explored whether healthy adults with more ASD...

..., greater activation in the left anterior insula was observed in high-AS subjects than in low-AS subjects. Lower activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus, angular gyrus, fusiform gyrus and bilateral amygdalae was found in high-AS subjects when fear-symptom words were preceded by fear-trigger words...

.... Importantly, outliers were equally frequent and salient. There, control was superior and reaction time was faster. We present a novel reinforcement learning model that fits observed choices better than the Bayes-optimal model. Only anterior insula discriminated between the 2 types of outliers. In both...

... targets induced higher activations in the anterior insula (AI) and anterior medial cingulate cortex (aMCC), whereas these empathic brain activations were significantly attenuated in response to superior-status targets’ pain. Further, this neural empathic bias to inferior-status targets was accompanied...

.... The second was to alter the task demand, requiring either an immediate or delayed recall of the content of the attended speech. Across 2 fMRI studies, common activated regions associated with segregating attended from unattended speech were the right anterior insula and adjacent frontal operculum (aI/FOp...