... family and friends is also more common than some authors suggest. Lastly, I find that the costs of informal borrowing are influenced by plausible social factors. My results are informative for policies to promote resilience during crises. household finance liquidity management Brownian motion informal...

.... comparative biology continuous traits Brownian motion phylogeny Arkansas High Performance Computing Center 10.13039/100016760 National Science Foundation 10.13039/100000001 Arkansas Economic Development Commission 10.13039/100016869 It is a tale nearly as old as time: you measure a set...

... Learning Brownian motion The study of information transmission through actions has proven crucial for understanding phenomena as diverse as central bank ambiguity ( Cukierman and Meltzer, 1986 ), reputation effects in industries ( Milgrom and Roberts, 1982 ), and price discovery in financial markets...

... is fitted by maximum partial likelihood. We can monitor using either or the B-value (Brownian motion) . The distributions of and are asymptotically multivariate normal with In some cases, information time can be approximated using simple formulas. For instance, consider a binary...

.... 2006 ; Landis et al. 2013 ; Bastide et al. 2018 ; Silvestro et al. 2018 ; Gaboriau et al. 2020 ). Second, most phylogenetic methods for studying continuous characters employ models based on the Brownian motion (BM; Felsenstein 1973 ), whose formulation (see below) allows them to incorporate among...

... proceeds more or less as a continuous process that can be approximated using Brownian motion (BM; Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards 1967 ; Felsenstein 1973 ) or related models that extend BM principles ( Lande 1979 ; Hansen 1997 ; Pagel 1999 ; Blomberg et al. 2003 ; Harmon et al. 2010 ). Yet a breadth...

... correlated under a Bayesian framework with Brownian motion. Key Results Floral traits fell into five distinct clusters, which were reduced to three after considering phylogenetic relatedness and were largely consistent with flower morphotypes and associated pollination vectors. Multivariate evolutionary...

... displaying Lévy motion are twice as likely to be targeted by predators than prey utilizing Brownian motion. This can be explained by the predators, at the moment of the attack, preferentially targeting prey that were moving with straighter trajectories rather than prey that were turning more. Our results...

... statistical approaches for model selection. Our current implementation uses a bounded Brownian motion (BBM) model and assumes expression data are accurate, but the architecture and codebase will easily allow for future extensions that relax these and other assumptions. The required inputs for CAGEE...

... are clearly superior in terms of the original purpose of AIC, which are to provide an estimate that is close to the true structure. We also apply the proposed criterion to actual clinical trial data to indicate that it will easily lead to different results from the formal AIC. Brownian motion model...

...Gage Bonner; Jean-Luc Thiffeault; Benedek Valkó When using Brownian motion to model, say, polymer entanglement ( Grosberg & Frisch, 2003 ), it is more realistic to regularize the problem in some way. This can be accomplished, for example, by replacing the punctual winding centre by a finite...

... as background. Figure 4 Maps of simulated disparity for each model: randomization-based null model (Null Disparity), and evolutionarily oriented models based on Brownian motion (BM Disparity), Early-Burst (EB Disparity), and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck with a single optimum (OU Disparity). Simulations of a univariate...

... ; Rezende and Diniz-Filho 2011 ). The nonindependence of observations because of phylogenetic relatedness can be described by an object covariance matrix, C , which describes the expected correlation among species due to common ancestry from a Brownian motion (BM) model of evolutionary divergence...

...) for more details). Abstract In this work, we establish a controllability result for a class of fractional neutral stochastic functional differential equations with infinite delay driven by fractional Brownian motion. To attain our objective we adapt the argument of Lakhel & McKibben (2018...

... the existence of a solution for a class of fractional delayed stochastic differential equations with noninstantaneous impulses and fractional Brownian motion (fBm). Utilizing the theory of fractional calculus, stochastic integrals for fBm and fixed-point technique, we obtain the solvability result...

... an (approximate) sample from π. This is analogous to MCMC sampling, with t * being the burn-in period, the only difference being the need to simulate from the distribution of the process conditionally on its not having died. Control variates Importance sampling Killed Brownian motion...

... Brownian motion. Otherwise, the process exhibits long-range or short-range dependence when or , respectively. This brings in wide applications of SDEs driven by fBms, such as the flows in porous media ( Cao et al., 2017 , 2018 ), the stochastic volatility model ( Chronopoulou & Viens...

... concentration, Nusselt number and Sherwood number distributions are analyzed in detail. Analysis indicates that the temperature distribution increases for a given increase in Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter, while it decreases with an increase in Hartmann number. Further...

... Brownian motion (BM) and Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) models to identify genes whose expression levels are evolving through drift, stabilizing selection, or a lineage-specific shift. We found that 81% of the genes evolve under genetic drift. When testing for branch-specific shifts in gene expression, we...

... on the modes of mobility of molecules is central in cell biology since it reflects interactions between structures and determines functions of biomolecules in the cell. In that context, Brownian motion is a key component in short distance transportation (e.g. connectivity for signal transduction). Another...