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Recycling Empire in Syria: The Last Hamidian State? Recycling Empire in Syria: The Last Hamidian State?
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A Franco-Ottoman Princely State A Franco-Ottoman Princely State
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A Sharifian Princely State of Syria? A Sharifian Princely State of Syria?
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The Istiqlali plan: A Saudi Emirate of Syria? The Istiqlali plan: A Saudi Emirate of Syria?
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A Suspended Republic A Suspended Republic
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A Royal Pipeline: French Diplomatic Uses of the Syrian Throne, 1930s A Royal Pipeline: French Diplomatic Uses of the Syrian Throne, 1930s
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Conclusion: Islam in Local State-Formation Conclusion: Islam in Local State-Formation
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Nine The Throne of Damascus, 1925–1939
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Published:August 2023
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Abstract
This chapter focuses on the political construction of the State of Syria, the latest sovereign Arab local polity and the first Muslim republic in the late 1920s. The spoliation of patricians who once belonged to the Ottoman world and their persistent hunger for a throne in Damascus sharply highlight the fact that instead of bringing about a break with the past, the class A mandates sharpened conflicting Ottoman views of the political order in Syrian lands. Yet the League of Nations also represented something new. The ex-Ottoman patricians could not compete with the League norms of elected representation and ethnic nationalism. Republican-secularist Syrians, who advocated the new League norms instead of the imperial ones, had to make a series of compromises with the Istiqlali activists and the French High Commission. Instead of a secular republic, they therefore declared a Muslim one, the first in world history. It was a post-Ottoman republic in which religion retained its place as a source of authority in elected political institutions.
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