
Contents
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Dynastication, 1919–1923 Dynastication, 1919–1923
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A Post-Ottoman Headache A Post-Ottoman Headache
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The Shari‘a Apparatus and the Rise of the Grand Mufti The Shari‘a Apparatus and the Rise of the Grand Mufti
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Who Is the Imam? The Ottoman Hanafi Doctrine of Muslim Executive Authority Who Is the Imam? The Ottoman Hanafi Doctrine of Muslim Executive Authority
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Wali al-Amr as a Transformer: Monarchy and Popular Sovereignty, 1914–1928 Wali al-Amr as a Transformer: Monarchy and Popular Sovereignty, 1914–1928
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1. Ending the Ottoman Caliphate in Egypt 1. Ending the Ottoman Caliphate in Egypt
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2. Dynasty and Constitution 2. Dynasty and Constitution
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3. Identifying Representation with the Caliphate: Rida, Bakhit, Sanhuri 3. Identifying Representation with the Caliphate: Rida, Bakhit, Sanhuri
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Seven Authority and the Shari‘a Apparatus in Post-Ottoman Egypt
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Published:August 2023
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Abstract
This chapter suggests that what prompted a transformation in the doctrine of Muslim authority in 1920s Egypt was not the norm of the nation-state, nor was the loss of the Ottoman caliphate entirely responsible. The more critical component behind the change was the immediate prospect of the establishment of a local, Egyptian absolute monarchy. The chapter begins by exploring the making of the post-Ottoman Egyptian monarchy, before moving on to examine the history of the “shariʻa apparatus,” including the courts and the office of the Grand Mufti. Finally, it identifies the main features of the Ottoman Hanafi doctrine of imperial authority, which was the ideology behind the shariʻa apparatus. In the 1920s, jurists changed this ideology by reviving an old doctrine that saw nonimperial Muslim authority as a form of contractual representation. This reworked ideology came to be called “Islamic popular sovereignty” in the second half of the twentieth century.
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