Volume 203, Issue 12, December 2019

CD300c2 exacerbates BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

CD300c2 on alveolar macrophages enhances neutrophil recruitment.

CD300c2 amplifies HMGB-1–mediated TLR4 signaling.

Pglyrp1 enhances allergic asthma in mice through its effect on the intestinal microbiome.

This effect is strong in asthma-prone mice and weak in asthma-resistant outbred mice.

This effect requires germ-free mice before colonization with the Pglyrp1 microbiome.

IgG fucosylation status and target cell Ag density determine NK cell ADCC.

Aspecific serum IgG bound to FcγRIIIa and target cell glycocalyx limit NK cell ADCC.

NK cell FcγRIIIa is preferentially occupied by high-affinity afucosylated serum IgG.

Anti-C3d mAb 3d-8b blocks in vivo CR2-dependent Ab production to foreign Ags.

Anti-C3d mAb 3d-8b is capable of blocking in vivo iC3b/C3d from CR1/CR2.

Disruption of the B cell–CR2 costimulatory signal reduces autoantibody production.

TNF-producing CD4⁺ T cells in patients with AIH are significantly expanded.

Most TNF-producing T cells also produce IFN-γ and have an inflammatory phenotype.

Autoantigen-specific stimulation results in expansion of these inflammatory T cells.

Chemokine ligand CCL2 is cleared from the blood in a CCR2-dependent manner.

CCR2-dependent clearance of CCL2 is G protein (Gα_i, Gα_s, or Gα_q/11) independent.

Equilibrium between secretion of CCL2 and its uptake by CCL2 determines blood levels.

CRISPR gene disruption in CD4⁺ T cells is enhanced by donor DNA template delivery.

Disruption of key signaling proteins in human CD4⁺ T cells mimics murine data.

Hyperactive signaling in human T cells can drive compensatory regulatory responses.

CXCR3 identifies human naive CD8⁺ T cells with biased effector potential.

Human naive CD8⁺ T cell subsets are functionally and transcriptionally distinct.

Effector potential correlates with the physicochemical attributes of expressed TCRs.

Circulating intermediate monocytes are enriched in AH patients.

AH intermediate monocytes are functionally activated.

AH intermediate monocytes induce CD4⁺ T cell IL-17 and are enriched in the liver.

A high-fiber diet attenuates arthritis in a microbiota-dependent manner.

Butyrate attenuates arthritis in an iNKT cell–dependent manner.

Butyrate inhibits cytokine production of iNKT cells in an HDAC-dependent manner.

RORα deficiency leads to a reduction in ILC2 and ILC3 subsets during infection.

Residual Rora^sg/sg ILC3s have lower expression of Rorc and lineage-specific receptors.

RORα conserves ILC3 function by modulating integration of environmental cues.

FcγR activation in human monocytes regulates the localization and expression of CD31.

FcγR-mediated CD31 downregulation is mediated mainly through FcγRIIa and PI3K.

CD31 negatively regulates FcγR-mediated phagocytosis but not cytokine production.

OX40L-JAG1 induced Treg proliferation mediated via noncanonical NF-κB signaling.

OX40L-JAG1 expanded epigenetically stable and suppressive Tregs to ameliorate EAT.

OX40L-JAG1 induced TCR-independent selective proliferation of human thymic Tregs.

Western diet feeding increases Nrp1 on Foxp3⁻ CD4 T cells in ApoE^−/− mice.

Nrp1⁺Foxp3⁻ CD4 T cells are highly proliferative and atherogenic.

Nrp1⁺Foxp3⁻ CD4 T cells preferentially migrate to the aorta and PaLN.

Adenosine targets both PKA and Epac pathways to suppress dendritic cell activation.

Adenosine/cAMP increases the expression of negative regulators of NF-κB signaling.

miR-183C expression dynamically changes during iNKT cell development.

The deletion of miR-183C interferes with iNKT cell development and function.

Multiple target molecules are involved in miR-183C–mediated iNKT cell regulation.

2F5 BCR B cells are tolerized primarily by reactivity to kynureninase, not lipid.

Extensive receptor editing occurs in 2F5 BCR knock-in mice.

Mature and anergic B cells often express identical BCRs in 2F5 knock-in mice.

VLP enhances antinorovirus IgA recall responses in humanized mice.

Particulate structure is required for IgA enhancement.

VLP-driven IgA responses are functionally superior to IgG responses.

Live pertussis vaccine BPZE1 protects against B. pertussis infection within days.

Early protection induced by BPZE1 does not depend on adaptive immune responses.

Early protection induced by BPZE1 depends on TLR4-mediated innate immune responses.

CVB3 infection induces a transient IL-17A expression in the pancreas of mice.

Pancreatic IL-17A is mainly produced by Vγ4γδ T cells.

IL-23/γδT17/neutrophil axis is critically involved in the onset of CVB3 pancreatitis.

Chronic EtOH consumption alters the existing memory T cell compartment.

EtOH-induced changes in existing memory T cells increase susceptibility to IAV.

Chronic EtOH alters memory T cell–mediated killing and recruitment into the lungs.

An IBD genetic risk variant increases expression of both STAT3 and STAT5 in MDMs.

Inflammatory cytokines increase once STAT3/STAT5 expression falls below a threshold.

Various STAT3/STAT5-dependent inhibitory cytokines cooperate to reduce inflammation.

Mice with sJIA show aberrant NK cell phenotype and defective NK cell cytotoxicity.

NK cells have a regulatory role in the development of sJIA disease.

NK cell defects are associated with more activated monocytes and dendritic cells.

FPR2-specific PSMα peptides are not chemotactic but activate the NADPH oxidase.

PSMα peptides induce ERK1/2 phosphorylation but not β-arrestin recruitment.

We established an exhaustive list of larval zebrafish ISGs.

Orthologous ISGs in fish and humans identify a large ancestral ISG repertoire.

The cleavage determinants of duSTING by NS2B3 are the R84 and G85 residues.

The interaction region is essential for the cleavage of duSTING by NS2B3.

The β2m-free HLA-G1 isoform tends to dimerize and further multimerize.

The β2m-free HLA-G1 isoform specifically binds to LILRB2 with avidity effects.

The crystal structure of LILRB1/HLA-G1 complex showed a flexible binding manner.

TCR β variable gene 4-1 (TRBV4-1) is overrepresented among CD1b-specific T cells.

The association between TRBV4-1 usage and CD1b is independent of lipid Ag.

CD1b residue E80 is essential for binding of TRBV4-1–utilizing TCRs.

NLRX1 activation induces immunometabolic mechanisms to reduce effector CD4⁺ T cells.

NX-13 is a novel NLRX1-targeting therapeutic for IBD.

NX-13 is effective in three mouse models of IBD and primary human cells from UC.

Bone marrow GM-CSF culture gives rise to four distinct populations.

GM-CSF MΦ can produce IFN-β.

GBS-stimulated GM-CSF MΦ have the ability to adapt their phenotype to be more DC like.

Diet-induced obese mice exhibit reduced αβ and γδ IEL persistence within 7 wk.

Obese mice are more susceptible to dextran sulfate sodium–induced colitis.

Diet-induced weight loss restores IEL number and improves outcome in colitis.

Luteolin suppresses allograft rejection by regulating alloimmune responses.

Luteolin reduces effector T cell frequency while inducing CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ Tregs.

It also inhibits T cell proliferation by downregulating AKT/mTOR signaling.

Breast tumor MSC-derived exosomes elicit differentiation of M-MDSC to TAM.

MSC exosome–educated myeloid cells exacerbate immunosuppression in the breast TME.

In vivo PD-L1 blockade neutralizes MSC exosome–driven breast cancer progression.