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David M Higgins, Joaquin Sanchez-Campillo, Adrian G Rosas-Taraco, Jonathan R Higgins, Eric J Lee, Ian M Orme, Mercedes Gonzalez-Juarrero, Relative Levels of M-CSF and GM-CSF Influence the Specific Generation of Macrophage Populations during Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, The Journal of Immunology, Volume 180, Issue 7, April 2008, Pages 4892–4900, https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.180.7.4892
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Abstract
Members of the CSF cytokine family play important roles in macrophage recruitment and activation. However, the role of M-CSF in pulmonary infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is not clear. In this study, we show the lungs of mice infected with M. tuberculosis displayed a progressive decrease in M-CSF in contrast to increasing levels of GM-CSF. Restoring pulmonary M-CSF levels during infection resulted in a significant decrease in the presence of foamy macrophages and increased expression of CCR7 and MHC class II, specifically on alveolar macrophages. In response to M-CSF, alveolar macrophages also increased their T cell-stimulating capacity and expression of DEC-205. These studies show that the levels of expression of M-CSF and GM-CSF participate in the progression of macrophages into foamy cells and that these cytokines are important factors in the differentiation and regulation of expression of dendritic cell-associated markers on alveolar macrophages. In addition, these studies demonstrate that M-CSF may have a role in the adaptive immune response to infection with M. tuberculosis.