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Hironori Nagasaka, Takashi Miida, Kenichi Hirano, Akemi Ota, Tohru Yorifuji, Tomozumi Takatani, Hirokazu Tsukahara, Masaki Takayanagi, Shu-Ping Hui, Kunihiko Kobayashi, Hitoshi Chiba, Reduced Apolipoprotein E-Rich High-Density Lipoprotein Level at Birth Is Restored to the Normal Range in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia in the First Year of Life, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 93, Issue 3, 1 March 2008, Pages 779–783, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2007-1621
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Abstract
Background: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) consists of apolipoprotein E (apoE)-rich and apoE-poor HDL particles. ApoE-rich HDL level is high at birth but decreases after birth with reciprocal elevation in low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol.
Objectives: The objective of the study was to clarify whether apoE-rich HDL decreases after birth in children with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), a disorder caused by impaired LDL clearance.
Methods: We measured apoE-rich HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol during the first year of life in 10 FH children (one homozygote and nine heterozygotes), 12 non-FH siblings, and 75 healthy controls.
Results: At birth, apoE-rich HDL-cholesterol was undetectable in a homozygous FH child and lower in heterozygous FH children than non-FH siblings and controls (4 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 4 and 11 ± 4 mg/dl, P < 0.001). At 3–4 months, apoE-rich HDL-cholesterol increased in homozygous and heterozygous FH children and decreased in non-FH siblings and controls. At 12 months, apoE-rich HDL-cholesterol levels were similar among these four groups (6–7 mg/dl). In contrast, LDL-cholesterol concentration was always twice as high in heterozygous FH children as non-FH siblings and controls (at birth, 50 ± 15 vs. 25 ± 7 and 25 ± 5 mg/dl, P < 0.001; at 3–4 months of age, 159 ± 29 vs. 71 ± 16 and 73 ± 15 mg/dl, P < 0.001; at 12 months of age, 156 ± 29 vs. 75 ± 18 and 76 ± 17 mg/dl, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: ApoE-rich HDL level is low at birth in FH children and increases to the normal level in the first year of life, opposite to the change in normal children.
