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Michael J. Willhauck, Bibi-Rana Sharif Samani, Franz-Josef Gildehaus, Ingo Wolf, Reingard Senekowitsch-Schmidtke, Hans-Jürgen Stark, Burkhard Göke, John C. Morris, Christine Spitzweg, Application of 188Rhenium as an Alternative Radionuclide for Treatment of Prostate Cancer after Tumor-Specific Sodium Iodide Symporter Gene Expression, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 92, Issue 11, 1 November 2007, Pages 4451–4458, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2007-0402
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Abstract
Context: We reported recently the induction of iodide accumulation in prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) by prostate-specific antigen promoter-directed sodium iodide symporter (NIS) expression that allowed a significant therapeutic effect of 131iodine (131I). These data demonstrated the potential of the NIS gene as a novel therapeutic gene, although in some extrathyroidal tumors, therapeutic efficacy may be limited by rapid iodide efflux due to a lack of iodide organification.
Objective: In the current study, we therefore studied the potential of 188rhenium (188Re), as an alternative radionuclide, also transported by NIS, with a shorter half-life and higher energy β-particles than 131I.
Results: NIS-transfected LNCaP cells (NP-1) concentrated 8% of the total applied activity of 188Re as compared with 16% of 125I, which was sufficient for a therapeutic effect in an in vitro clonogenic assay. γ-Camera imaging of NP-1 cell xenografts in nude mice revealed accumulation of 8–16% injected dose (ID)/g 188Re (biological half-life 12.9 h), which resulted in a 4.7-fold increased tumor absorbed dose (450 mGy/MBq) for 188Re as compared with 131I. After application of 55.5 MBq 131I or 188Re, smaller tumors showed a similar average volume reduction of 86%, whereas in larger tumors volume reduction was significantly increased from 73% after 131I treatment to 85% after application of 188Re.
Conclusion: Although in smaller prostate cancer xenografts both radionuclides seemed to be equally effective after prostate-specific antigen promoter-mediated NIS gene delivery, a superior therapeutic effect has been demonstrated for 188Re in larger tumors.