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Maria Chiara Zatelli, Daniela Piccin, Federico Tagliati, Maria Rosaria Ambrosio, Angelo Margutti, Roberto Padovani, Massimo Scanarini, Michael D. Culler, Ettore C. degli Uberti, Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 1 Selective Activation in Human Growth Hormone (GH)- and Prolactin (PRL)-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas: Effects on Cell Viability, GH, and PRL Secretion, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 88, Issue 6, 1 June 2003, Pages 2797–2802, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2002-021825
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Somatostatin (SRIF) analogs interacting with SRIF receptor subtype (SSTR) 2 and SSTR5 are known to reduce secretion in GH-secreting pituitary adenomas. We investigated the effects of SRIF and a SSTR1 selective agonist, BIM-23926, on GH and prolactin (PRL) secretion and cell viability in primary cultures deriving from 15 GH- and PRL-secreting adenomas expressing SSTR1. Quantitative RT-PCR showed SSTR1 mRNA mean levels of 6 ± 2.2 × 104 molecules/μg reverse-transcribed total RNA. SSTR2 and SSTR5 were frequently expressed (93.3%), on the contrary of SSTR3 (53.3%) and SSTR4 (6.7%). GH secretion was significantly reduced by SRIF and BIM-23926 (45 ± 8.6% and 32 ± 18.1% inhibition, respectively) as well as PRL secretion (16.1 ± 4% and 19.7 ± 3.5% inhibition, respectively). After treatment with SRIF and BIM-23926, cell viability was significantly reduced by 17.5 ± 5% and 20 ± 3.9%, respectively. SSTR1 mRNA levels correlated with the degree of GH and PRL secretion inhibition. These results demonstrate that SSTR1 selective activation inhibits hormone secretion and cell viability in GH- and PRL-secreting adenomas in vitro and suggest that SRIF analogs with affinity for SSTR1 may be useful to control hormone hypersecretion and reduce neoplastic growth of pituitary adenomas.