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HIROSHI IBAYASHI, TAKUO FUJITA, KENJI MOTOHASHI, SHO YOSHIDA, NAKAAKI OHSAWA, SHOICHIRO MURAKAWA, TATSUHIKO YOKOTA, SHIGEO OKINAKA, DETERMINATION OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN IN HUMAN URINE BY A BENZOIC-ACID ADSORPTION METHOD, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 21, Issue 2, 1 February 1961, Pages 140–147, https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-21-2-140
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Benzoic-acid adsorption was successfully used for the extraction of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) from human urine to be assayed by the ascorbic-acid depletion (AAD) method in hypophysectomized rats. In 25 normal subjects the AAD induced by 26 such extracts of 24-hour urine was 51 ±6.5 mg. per 100 Gm. of adrenal (mean ± s.e.), whereas the value for 10 extracts of 12-hour urine from 4 patients with Addison's disease was 136 ± 14.3 mg. (P < 0.001). The ACTH content of a normal 24-hour specimen of urine was therefore estimated to be approximately 0.25–0.5 milliunit, whereas in Addison's disease the value may reach 1–2 milliunits per twelve hours. In 7 patients with hypopituitarism (12 extracts of 24-hour urine) and 12 patients receiving steroid therapy (18 extracts of 24-hour urine), significant decreases in ACTH were noted (23 ± 8.7 mg., P < 0.02; and 15±8.0 mg., P < 0.01, respectively). In 5 cases of anorexia nervosa (5 extracts) there was no significant difference, either from normal subjects or from patients with hypopituitarism. Among 8 cases of Cushing's syndrome (14 extracts), 2 of 6 cases with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia showed high AAD values, whereas both cases with unilateral adrenal adenoma showed low AAD values.