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H. Serke, J. Bausenwein, J. Hirrlinger, M. Nowicki, C. Vilser, P. Jogschies, F. A. Hmeidan, V. Blumenauer, K. Spanel-Borowski, Granulosa Cell Subtypes Vary in Response to Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein as Regards Specific Lipoprotein Receptors and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 95, Issue 7, 1 July 2010, Pages 3480–3490, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2009-2654
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Context: The oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and its lectin-like oxLDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) are found in the follicular fluid and in granulosa cells. Lipoprotein receptors and antioxidant enzymes could differ in granulosa cell subtypes.
Objective: Our aim was to reveal cell-specific responses under oxLDL treatment.
Design and Setting: We conducted basic research at the Institute of Anatomy and the Clinic of Reproductive Medicine.
Patients: Women undergoing in vitro fertilization therapy participated in the study.
Main Outcome Measures: Cultures of cytokeratin-positive/negative (CK+/CK−) granulosa cells and of cumulus cells were treated with 150 μg/ml oxLDL or native LDL under serum-free conditions for up to 36 h. Dead cells were determined by uptake of propidium iodide. LOX-1, toll-like receptor 4, and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) were examined in lysates by Western blots. The enzyme activities were determined in lysates and in supernatants.
Results: Under oxLDL treatment, predominantly CK+ cells underwent nonapoptotic cell death. Receptors showed a cell-specific pattern of up-regulation: toll-like receptor 4 in CK+ cells, LOX-1 in CK− cells, and CD36 in cumulus cells. An antioxidant ranking occurred: superoxide dismutase activity in CK+ cells, total glutathione in CK− cells, and catalase activity in cumulus cells. The supernatants of oxLDL-treated CK+ cell cultures contained more catalase activity than in controls, whereas a moderate increase was noted for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in supernatants of CK− and cumulus cells.
Conclusions: Catalase/GPx activity in the supernatants may be due to cell death or to secretion. Oxidative stress could be sensed by CK+ cells and indicated by changes in catalase/GPx activity in the follicular fluid during ovarian disorders.
