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1.1 Key hardware components of a cardiac-enabled CT scanner
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Published:November 2022
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Abstract
Awareness of a few basic hardware components of a CT scanner is key for the delivery of cardiac CT in clinical practice. Contemporary CT scanners comprise a rotating gantry onto which are housed the X-ray tube(s) and the detector array(s). Collimators determine the shape of the emitted X-ray beam to maximize image quality and minimize radiation exposure to patients. Detectors receive and transform the signal necessary to reconstruct CT images of multiple sections of the patient’s anatomy. The term ‘multidetector’ or ‘multislice’ CT refers to the ability to image multiple sections of the patient’s anatomy along the z-axis during one gantry rotation. Single-source CT systems contain one X-ray tube and one detector array; ‘dual-source’ CT contains two X-ray sources coupled with two detector arrays mounted at an (approximately) 90-degree angle. Dual-source CT allows halving of the temporal resolution compared to a single-source system with the same gantry rotation time. A motorized scanner table, the ECG synchronization system, and a power injection are further key requirements to deliver cardiac CT in the clinical arena.
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