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G. DE M. RUDOLF, UNUSUAL RESULTS FOLLOWING THE INJECTION OF EPINEPHRIN, Endocrinology, Volume 23, Issue 3, 1 September 1938, Pages 366–367, https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-23-3-366
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Abstract
This paper reports some unusual results following the subcutaneous injection of epinephrin. The subjects were male and female general paralytics. No anaesthetics were used. This is important, as many animal experiments have been vitiated by the use of anaesthetics. Wyman and Lutz1 found that, in cats, small doses of ether increased the pressor responses to adrenalin. The responses become progressively greater up to one hour after the ether had been stopped. Large doses of ether had the opposite effect, decreasing the pressor response. Macdonald and Schlapp2 found that ether and urethane produced depressor effects. Vincent and Curtis3 noticed the same effects with chloroform and chloralose.
Subcutaneous injection is more suitable than intravenous, as temporary emotional changes affect less seriously a curve of 2 or 3 hours' duration than one lasting for less than 30 minutes. As the blood vessels contract, no alteration of the systolic pressure occurs immediately. In dogs, Luckhardt and Koppanyi4 found that, with massage of the site of injection, the first change of pressure was noticed about 10 minutes after the injection. In the present experiments, the post-injection observations of the systolic pressure were begun from 3 to 15 minutes after the injections, and continued for from 120 to 220 minutes. From the beginning to the end of the experiments, the epinephrin was therefore being absorbed in a natural manner from the subcutaneous tissues. The injections were given at intervals of from 7 to 36 days.
