Index

For the benefit of digital users, indexed terms that span two pages (e.g., 52–53) may, on occasion, appear on only one of those pages.

Abhisamayālaṅkāra (The Ornament of Realization)722–26

activism671–72

Adam See also fall, the
according to Cyril175–76, 177, 178–80, 182, 186, 595
and the breath of life179–80
Christ as “second” or “new” or “last,”109–10, 115, 150, 151, 175, 178, 182–83, 194–96, 405
in Gregory of Nyssa116–17
as “image” of God66, 67, 76–77, 145, 162–63
according to Irenaeus593, 603
in Justin Martyr96
as “like a god” and made to “become gods,”138–39, 145–46, 150, 423–24
according to Macarius126–27
Prelapsarian See prelapsarian man
temptation of139–40, 145, 213, 423–24, 592–95, 600–1, 603, 674

adoption, divine5, 22–24, 25, 34, 66–67, 70, 71, 77, 83–84, 88, 96–97, 111, 113–14, 161, 164, 171, 193, 226, 228, 233, 254–55, 256–60, 263–65, 272, 280, 312, 324–25, 351, 356–57, 362, 373–74, 420, 425, 426–28, 439, 440–41, 447, 454, 481–82, 484, 487, 530, 531–32, 580–81, 583–84, 587–88, 630–31, 636–37, 654–55, 705 See also sonship, divine

adoration338–40, 384, 708

affective deification247–52

Against Heresies (Irenaeus)97–98, 577, 593, 652

Agourides, Savas536–38

Alexander the Great13, 21

Ambrose78–79, 157, 158, 162, 209, 210, 211, 352, 358, 366

Anabaptists512–13, 640–41, 670–71

Andrewes, Lancelot350, 354–55, 381, 421, 505

angelification46–47, 48–50, 51–53, 57, 704, 705–6, 707, 710

angels31–32, 39, 46–47, 48, 49, 50, 82–83, 98–99, 114, 133, 140–41, 150, 166, 176–77, 178, 215, 216–17, 229, 250, 255, 277, 308, 342–43, 383, 424, 462, 563–64, 565, 567–68, 569–70, 594, 609–10, 705

Anglican theology2, 225–26, 350–51, 621–22, 640–41, 688
and baptism352
and the body352–54
and Cambridge Platonists354, 360
contemporary developments in7, 499–500, 504, 505, 506
and heart religion381–82
and the Oxford Movement421
patristics in357–61
scripture in358

annihilation286, 290–93

Aphrahat the Persian139–40

Apocalypse50, 53, 76–77, 87

apophaticism88, 133–34, 215, 226, 264, 270, 271–72, 459, 460–61, 522–23, 553–54

apotheosis6, 15–18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 52–53, 80, 86, 126–27, 185, 443, 514, 705–6

appropriative deification584–85, 587–88

Aquinas, St. Thomas
on the beatific vision550–51, 564
on charity257–58
on Christ’s deified humanity259–60
on created grace566
on deification as participation255–60, 548–49, 550–51, 553, 554, 556, 569
on deiformity255
on divine adoption256–57
eschatology of563–65
on the Holy Spirit565–66
on knowing God256–58, 490–91, 555
and Martin Luther691
on sacraments259–60
on trinitarian missions566–68

Ark of the covenant28, 166, 287–88

Arintero, Juan G.481, 482, 484–88
on the Church as “organism,”488–89

Aristotle18, 147, 197–98, 239, 270, 411–12, 428, 525, 558, 597–98, 691
on honor20–21

Ark of the covenant28, 166, 287–88

Arndt, Johann374, 375, 407, 439

ascetic deification579–82, 586

asceticism113–14, 146, 149–50, 202–3, 229, 271, 397, 442, 443–44, 445, 446, 447–48, 455
critique and defense of452, 514, 658–59
and the passions579–80

Asclepius16–17

assimilation to God112–15, 117, 118–19, 120, 228, 248–121, 250, 251, 254–61, 263–64, 275–76, 398–99, 425, 485, 535–36, 564, 595, 601, 620–21, 622–23, 627, 628, 630–31

Athanasius
and Arianism578, 593
and the Creator-creature distinction652–53
and Cyril of Alexandria175, 178
on the fall109–10
on the Holy Spirit113–14, 639
on the image of God88, 109–10
on the incarnation110–11, 114, 577, 654
influence on Syriac fathers142
in Ivan Popov444
Latin translation of160
and the Logos444
on the second Adam593

Athos, Mt.225–26, 234, 235–36, 270, 386, 450–51, 543

Augustine of Hippo
in Anglican thought358–59
on baptism168–69
on the Eucharist169
on the fall168
on the sabbath170–71
on scripture169, 170

Balthasar, Hans Urs von2, 88, 195, 198–99, 481, 490–91, 493–96, 614–16, 647, 667, 677, 678–79

baptism69–70, 79, 97–98, 99, 106, 111, 112–14, 116–18, 126–27, 133, 138, 140–41, 145–46, 162–63, 168–69, 175–76, 178, 179, 182–84, 193, 199–200, 202, 226–27, 231, 232–33, 235, 236, 259–60, 274–75, 284, 306, 329, 339–40, 352, 357–58, 360, 398–99, 423, 430, 447, 451, 511, 535, 559, 620–21, 629, 642–43, 647–48, 673–74, 685–86
as the beginning of deification630, 639–41
believer’s512, 626
into the body of Christ626
and the Eucharist639–42
in Irenaeus97–98
and justification624–27
in patristic writings630–31
as source of divine life639–41
of the Spirit69, 235, 508–9
of tears235

Baptist theology of deification510–12

Barth, Karl7, 187, 374, 466–78, 494, 552, 556, 668

Basil of Caesarea108–9, 142, 147, 191–92, 319–20, 330, 461, 481–82, 553–54, 572–73

beatific vision5, 170, 255, 325–26, 327, 426, 427, 428, 483, 492–93, 550–52, 555, 562–65, 568, 570–71, 608, 716–17

beauty125–26, 129, 138, 158, 176, 178, 185, 196–97, 220, 230–31, 255, 260–61, 285, 320, 338, 342, 390, 415–16, 425, 427, 486, 505, 528, 599–600, 611, 614–15, 644–45, 658, 672, 673–74, 708–9

Bernard of Clairvaux220, 240–42, 244–45, 284

Bhagavad Gītā717–19, 721–26

Blachernites, Theodore231, 235

Black, Jonathan508–9

body, Christ’s102, 187–88, 509, 564, 594, 689–90
as the Church/people of God68, 163, 168–69, 171, 447, 452, 493, 530–31, 614, 687–88
deified126–27, 187, 228, 274, 352
and the incarnation444
and Judaism35
mystical (the Church as)202, 339, 423, 430, 687

body, human
in asceticism272–73, 452, 655–56
in Buddhism720–21
deification of85–86, 102, 105, 113–14, 216–17, 230–31, 272–74, 330, 359, 452, 563–64, 588–89, 611–12, 626, 631, 654, 659–60, 716–17
in Palamas271, 272–74
in Reformed theology325, 326, 327
relationship to the soul353, 611

Boehme, Jacob
and Sophia403–8

Bonaventure32, 239, 254–55, 260–65, 347–48
on hierarchy260–62, 263
on the image260–62
on mystical union263–64

Book of Holy Hierotheos (Hierotheos / Stephen bar Ṣūdailē)146–47, 556–57

Borisov, Ivan (Archbishop Innokentii of Kherson)436, 437, 441, 447–48

Brenz, Johannes313–14

Bucer, Martin320–21

Buddha713–14, 719–24, 726

Buddhism679, 713–14, 719–26
and the body720–21 See also dharmakāya
“deity practice” in721
and Mahāyāna719–20, 721–22

Bugenhagen, Johannes304–13

Bulgakov, Makarii435–36, 437, 440, 442, 447–48

Bulgakov, Sergius6–7, 442, 448, 450, 451, 453–55, 457, 463

Bultmann, Rudolf668

Calvin, John2, 186, 317, 320–30, 502, 503, 551, 640–41, 683, 692

Cambridge Platonism / Cambridge Platonist46–47, 350, 351, 354, 356–57, 360, 364–67, 368, 414–15

Carmelites335–36, 339–41

Celestial Hierarchies (Dionysius the Areopagite)133, 212, 260–62

Chalcedon Council and theology of132, 145, 186, 198–99, 202, 437, 442–43, 448, 504, 506, 534, 559, 581, 587–88, 714, 716, 723–26

Charismatic Christianity231–32, 501, 508–9, 683, 690 See also Pentecostal Christianity

Cho, Dongsun510–11

Christ
adoration of338–40, 384
ascension of79, 179, 196–97, 628
body or flesh of See body Christ’s
as Bridegroom See erotic and nuptial imagery
as symbol586
transfiguration of See transfiguration

Christensen, Michael381–82, 506–7

Christification87, 236, 501–2, 659
in Baptist theology510–11
in contemporary Orthodox theology526–27, 530–31, 533

Chrysomallos, Constantine235

Church, the
in Baptist theology511
as the body See body Christ’s
in the East148–49, 150, 151, 187–88
ecclesiastical structures of133, 263, 597 See also hierarchy
in German Idealism602–3
Mystical Evolution of484–88
as organism487–88
in Orthodox theology530–31
in Pentecostal/Charismatic theology509
in Richard Hooker (Church of England)367–68
as setting for theosis5, 134–35, 144, 199–200, 202, 262, 420, 423, 493, 505, 509, 511, 529–32, 535, 592–94, 595–96, 598, 611, 614, 630

City of God (Augustine of Hippo)158, 169, 170, 171, 188–69

Clement of Alexandria3, 95–96, 147, 423, 580–81, 630, 714–15

Collins, Paul504, 505–6

Communism441–42, 454–55, 668

Confessions (Augustine of Hippo)168, 169, 250, 339–40

contemplative life144, 147, 211, 215, 287, 439, 485

Cooper, Jordan500–2

Corbin, Henri708, 709

cosmic deification454, 585–87, 656–61, 663

Council of Trent335–36, 408, 693

creator/creature distinction6, 109–10, 351, 466–67, 501–2, 510–11, 514
In Islam701–2, 709

Cribratio Alkorani (Nicholas of Cusa)700–1, 704

Cudworth, Ralph350, 355–56, 364–65
And primacy of scripture360

cults15, 16–19, 28, 441–42, 620, 622, 630–31, 674
of Hellenistic heroes20
of Hellenistic rulers20–26
images and statuary29
and St. Symeon’s spiritual father231–32, 233–34

Cyril of Alexandria
on Adam175–76, 177–80
on angels176–77, 178
in the Anglican tradition352, 359
on appropriation of divine life175–76, 179, 180–82
on baptism175–76, 178, 179, 182–84
on the body of Christ326
on the Eucharist175, 326, 359
and John Calvin324, 325–27
on Mystagogy182
and the Nestorian Controversy184–86
on Trinitarian theology176–77

daimones18–19

Dead Sea Scrolls45, 46–47, 48, 53

De Lubac, Henri99, 480–81, 484–85, 489, 496, 558, 609, 614
on desire and supernatural beatitude491–93

demons413, 441, 670 See also daimones
and ascetic life445, 530
and the Eucharist642–43
in Judaism46–47, 48, 49, 50
and possession707

devil30–31, 71–72, 99–100, 101, 138–39, 145, 178, 183, 187–88, 227–28, 423–24, 436, 670
fall of81, 96, 99–100, 146–47

dharmakāya720–23

dhikr707, 708–10

Diadema (Smaragdus)216

Dionysius the Areopagite
and ascent133, 134, 248
and hierarchy (ecclesiastical and celestial)133, 596–432
influence on Eriugena209–10, 212
influence on Thomas Aquinas258, 264, 554
in Maximus the Confessor194, 196, 197
Neoplatonism of248, 596
overviews of132–34, 248, 595
and Palamite theology462
and Union with God133–34, 247–49, 443

disability347

Divine Names (Dionysius the Areopagite)133–34, 196, 212, 249, 255

Dobrotoliubie (Paissy Velitchkovsky)438–39 See also Philokalia

Dominicans225–26, 254, 289–90, 482, 484, 488, 528, 699, 707

Dostoevsky, Fyodor435–36, 441–42

Dubose, William Porcher420
on evolution428, 430
sacramentology of429–31

Ecclesiastical Hierarchy (Dionysius the Areopagite)4, 133, 249, 551

Eden31, 53–54, 88, 138–39, 162–63, 171, 213

elect, the105, 275–78, 320–21, 325–26, 469–70, 568, 594
in medieval writings213, 215, 217, 222–23

Enoch32, 50–53

Ephrem of Nisibis (or Ephrem the Syrian)3, 138–40, 143–44, 145, 148, 150, 593

Epifanovich, Sergei435–36, 446–47, 456, 457

Eriugena, John Scotus4, 209–10, 211–15, 222–23, 242, 260–61, 443
on the parable of the ten virgins213, 215
on the prevalence of “deification” in Latin West157–58

erotic and nuptial imagery163, 171, 201, 229–31, 241–42, 243, 247–48, 250–51, 493 See also Song of Songs
of bride and bridegroom87–88, 171, 241–42, 250, 262, 291, 674
and the Church674
and the divine lover286, 288, 341–42, 343, 344, 345–46, 347
of ecstasy50, 119–20, 194, 202, 229, 249, 260, 262–64, 439–40, 445–46

essence and energies distinction6, 157, 395, 457, 460–61, 463, 510–11, 514, 553–55, 571–72
in Christos Yannaras528–29
in contemporary Orthodox theology522–23, 527–28, 535–36
in Gregory of Palamas6, 157, 270–71, 272, 275–78, 279–80, 395, 450–51, 522–23, 553–54, 571–73, 612–13, 691–92, 724
Protestant criticism of691–92

Eucharist
in Augustine of Hippo169
in Cyril of Alexandria175–76, 182–84, 326, 359
as essential to deification
as memorial or remembrance319, 366
real presence in489, 568, 583, 674, 689–90
and saints528–30

Evagrius of Pontus6, 123, 130–32, 144, 146–47, 148–49, 150, 293–94
on Asceticism130–31
condemnation of132, 146–47
on the Incarnation131
and the threefold path of spiritual growth646
on the vision of light131–32

Eve96, 221, 227, 566–67, 615–16
and Mary as the second Eve593–94

evil70, 100, 109–10, 115, 116, 213, 219, 305, 343, 403–4, 413, 531, 593, 629–30, 657, 666–67, 676, 717–18
secular understanding of671–72

evolution420, 428, 430–31, 442, 484–86, 487–88, 586, 612, 659

exchange formula
in Anglican theology351–59, 364, 504–5
in Baptist theology511
in Hilary of Poitiers163
in Irenaeus3, 110, 125, 195–96, 577–78, 593, 636–37, 653
and Karl Barth468, 490
in the Latin fathers162, 163, 169–70
across patristic writings636–37
in Reformed theology503–4
in the Syriac fathers137–39, 143, 145, 148

expiation364–65

fall, the5–6, 31, 81, 84–85, 109–10, 138, 162, 194–95, 200, 212–13, 221, 242–43, 262, 312, 394–95, 398, 405–6, 408, 424, 444, 471, 512, 534, 566–67, 600–1, 616, 652–53

Finger, Thomas512–13

Finnish Luther Research303, 500, 501–2, 513, 621, 684–85, 689

Florensky, Pavel394, 450–53, 463, 656, 661, 675
on asceticism658–61

France, religious conflict346

François de Sales
God as lover341–42
on the human heart344–48
and the Visitation of Holy Mary (religious order)347–48

free will202–3, 295–96, 343, 458, 621 See also will, the
and God’s foreknowledge343
secular denial of671–72

friendship with and within God243–44, 257–58, 343, 346–47

Gallus, Thomas (Thomas of St. Victor)247–51, 262–63

Gardeil, Ambroise481, 482–84, 486–87, 489, 490–91, 496

Gardet, Louis708–9

Garrigou-Lagrange, Réginald481–82, 488–91
on Christ’s human nature490
on knowledge of God490–91
on sanctifying grace as “embryo” of eternal life487–89

gender53–54, 283, 335–36, 539–40
of God’s wisdom (Sophia)56

German Idealism402–3, 406–7, 409–15, 437, 503–4, 586, 602, 656

German Romanticism402–3, 409, 414–16, 552–53

Gnosticism76–77, 96–98, 108–9, 225–26, 270, 442–43, 448, 485, 576, 662, 668, 673
Irenaeus’s response to96–98
on salvation and the body of Christ456
Valentinian96–97, 105

grace, created and uncreated192–93, 488–89, 535–36, 565–66, 571, 608, 691

Gregory of Nazianzus108–9, 112, 114–17, 213
influence on Syriac fathers142
on philosophia112–14

Gregory of Nyssa37, 108–9, 112–13, 114–15, 116, 117, 118–20, 125, 141, 158, 180, 191–92, 198, 212, 226, 323, 330, 446, 456, 457, 494, 556, 562–63, 572–73, 579–80, 582–83, 594–95, 600, 653, 664, 713, 724
on Christ as second Adam594–95
in 20^th-century Orthodox thought446–47

Hadewijch284–86
on the love of God (minne)285
the will, on the annihilation of286

heart religion373–79, 380–84

heaven, secular notions of671–72

Hebrews (New Testament)71–72, 180–81, 550

Hegel1–2, 671, 677–78
Christology of586
impact on German Idealism403, 409–13

Hellenism386–87, 392–93, 536–37, 622

hell, secular notions of671–72

Heracles16–17, 22–23

Heresy28, 85–86, 185–86, 192, 225–26, 232, 273, 282, 289–90, 318–19, 578

heroes, ancient Greek6, 14, 15, 16–17, 21

Hesiod14

hesychasm7, 192, 193, 227, 231–32, 271, 272–73, 276–77, 387–90, 396–99, 447–48, 461–62, 514, 655–56, 708–9 See also Jesus Prayer

hierarchy13, 20, 56, 272–73, 274, 451
and Bonaventure260–62, 263
Dionysian4, 133, 134–35, 243, 260–61, 595–97
Neoplatonic596, 598

Hilary of Poitiers163, 166, 358, 359, 444, 458

Hinduism699, 713–14, 717, 721–22, 723–26

Holy Spirit
divine status of639
as gift311, 562, 565–66
indwelling of351, 352, 362, 363, 364
as love287, 569
as motion309–10
as the source of deification362–63

Homer14, 15–16, 17, 24, 599

Homily on Faith (Jacob of Serugh)145

Homilies on the Six Days of Creation (Jacob of Serugh)145

Hooker, Richard350–51, 353–55, 357–60, 362–68
on the cause of justification363–65
effect on Puritans367–68
patristic influences367
on righteousness, habitual and actual362–63
on sanctification362–63
scriptural grounds for deification359–60

Hugh of St. Victor245–47

humility80, 139–40, 226–28, 274–75, 346, 372–73, 466–67

hymns48, 68, 134, 159, 275–78, 415, 643–44, 687
ancient Greek14, 15–17, 24–25
Jewish52–53
Methodist382, 384
Orthodox80–81, 436, 593, 644–45, 687

Hymns on Divine Eros (St. Symeon the New Theologian)80–81, 225–27, 229, 230–31

Icons80–81, 159, 451, 456, 611, 614–15, 655–56

Idea of Deification in the Ancient Eastern Church, The (Ivan Popov)444–45

image and likeness87–88, 96–97, 105, 507, 508, 523–24, 539–40, 599, 637–38
in Bernard of Clairvaux240
in the Latin fathers162–63, 167
in the Victorines245–46, 247, 250–51, 252

Imago dei148, 192, 199, 202–3, 242–43, 250–51, 263–64, 405–6, 409, 534, 552, 599, 601, 680

incorruption64–65, 66, 67, 72–73, 97–98, 138, 179, 324–25, 326, 328, 329–30, 352, 531, 582–83, 661

Ioann Sergiev See John of Kronstadt

Irenaeus95–96, 109–10, 111, 112–13, 158, 191–92, 428, 551, 595, 654, 662
on Christ as second Adam593, 603
on the creator-creature distinction109–10, 456, 659–60
on deification as a process646, 652
on the exchange formula3, 110, 125, 195–96, 577, 593, 636–37, 653
on divine adoption636–37
against gnosticism108–9, 111, 359, 576
and John Calvin324
on Psalm 8196–98, 104–5, 630
on the sacraments531, 630

Isaac (Isḥāq) of Nineveh149–50

Islam698–704, 707–11
contemporary Christian dialogue with707–11
and creator-creature distinction701–2
and debate over role of702–3

Isotheon597–601

Jacob (biblical patriarch)31–32, 39–40

Jacob of Serugh144–46

Jerome38, 104, 106, 158, 161–62, 164, 358, 641–42

Jerusalem29, 34, 96, 410
heavenly626–27, 714–15
and the “last things,”667
New86–87, 669–70

Jesus See Christ

Jesus Prayer229, 270, 389–90, 396–99, 438–39, 450–51, 462, 463, 524, 527–28

Jewel, John350, 351–55, 357, 358
and the Church of England365–67

Jews37, 45–46, 96, 105, 623–25, 698–99, 704–7, 710–11

John of Fécamp211, 215–23

John of Kronstadt (Ioann Sergiev)435–36, 440–41, 447–48

John of Ruusbroec286–90, 294, 296
doctrine of mutual belonging288–89
Heresy, accusations of289
on the love of God (minne)286–87

John the Solitary (also, John of Apamea)140–41

Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification (JDDJ)688–90, 694

Journet, Charles562, 569–71

Judaism See also Qumran sect of Judaism
and Adam53–54
on Demons46–47, 48, 49, 50
dialogue with Christianity626–27, 699, 704–7, 710
Hellenistic622–23
Monotheism in46–47
and mystical union705–6
in the Second Temple period46

Julian of Norwich284, 294–97
on enclosure296
hazelnut description294
on the parable of the Lord and his servant295

justification, forensic308, 321, 328, 381–82, 404–5, 501–2, 511, 512, 621, 626, 632, 683, 684–85

Justin Martyr96

Kabbalah409, 417, 705–6

Kardamakis, Fr. Michail533–36

Kärkkäinen, Veli-Matti500–1, 690

kenosis145, 196, 197, 285–86, 307, 339–40, 454, 494, 503

Kharlamov, Vladimir510, 511

kingdom, of God78–81, 275–78, 280, 326, 485, 529–30, 536–38, 539–40, 625–26, 672–67, 676–77, 678–79, 680

kings
Hellenistic14, 15, 16, 21, 22–26, 599
of Israel32–34

Kołakowski, Leszek670–71

laity102, 105, 218, 335–36, 337, 344, 394, 438

Leo the Great161, 358–60, 421

Lewis, C. S.353, 504–5, 666–67

liberation theology669, 670–71

Little Book of Clarification (John of Ruusbroec)288

Liturgy, in Qumran sect of Judaism48, 49

Loci communes, or Loci theologici (Philipp Melanchthon)310, 311–12

Logoi192–93, 200–1, 446–47, 558, 610–12, 654, 660–61, 722

Loudovikos, Fr. Nikolaos530, 533–36, 614

On Loving God (Bernard of Clairvaux)240–41, 242

Luther, Martin2, 304–7, 313, 501–2, 684–85 See also Finnish Luther Research
and Boehme404–8
on the Church and sacraments689
on divine filiation by faith306–7
on the essence/energies distinction691–93
on faith and love307, 691
on kenosis307
on the light of God305–6
on the real presence501–2

Macarius (Macarius-Symeon)123–30, 132, 134–35
on Epektasis127, 130
on God as light128–30
on Holy Spirit125
on the Incarnation125, 126
on suffering in deification129
on the Trinity128

Mannermaa, Tuomo500–2, 684

man, “outer” and “inner,”375–76

Mantzaridis, Georgios462–63, 525–26, 640

marriage, deification as See erotic and nuptial imagery

Marxism454–55, 658–59

Mary, the Virgin164, 184–85, 275–78, 343, 344, 347, 445, 602–3
as Theotokos184–85, 234, 436, 445, 644
as second Eve593–94

materialism273, 658–59, 661–62, 668–69

Matthew the Poor187–88

Maximus the Confessor
on Asceticism199–200, 579, 599, 655
on cosmic theosis654–56
on Creator-creature distinction531, 637–38, 716–17
on human nature and its limitation193–94, 199–200, 275
on the Incarnation598, 724
on likeness of God601
on redemption194–95
Tantum-quantum formula of195–96
and the three stages of spiritual progress199–202, 585

McCormack, Bruce328–29, 472–73

Melanchthon, Phillip308–12, 313, 314
on conformity with God (conformitas Dei)308–9
on effective justification308, 310
on the heart309–10
indirect notions of deification311–12

Mere Christianity (C. S. Lewis)504–5

merit213, 215, 249, 258–59, 262, 263–65, 363, 374, 595
of Christ162, 487, 703
and Monergism690–91, 693–94
and Paul’s “justification by faith,”623–32
and William of Saint Thierry (Cistercian)243, 244

Mesopotamia29–30, 33, 39, 48, 57, 123, 125, 139–40, 143, 149–50

Methodism7, 371–74, 380–82, 680
and Christian Perfection506–8
contemporary developments in506–8

Mirror of Simple Souls, The (Marguerite Porete)282, 289–90

monergism690–94

monotheism
and the Apostle Paul70
and Buddhism713–14
and Judaism46–47
in Philo of Alexandria55

Moravian Brethren371, 376, 378–82
relationship with John Wesley372–73, 377

More, Henry350, 356, 361

Moses28–29, 32, 37–38, 50, 53, 55–56, 86, 88, 134, 248, 251, 622–23, 628–460, 717–18, 724

Mystical Evolution (Juan G. Arintero)484, 485

mystical union220–21, 445, 485, 501–2, 522–23, 584
in Aquinas258, 264, 422
in Bernard of Clairvaux240, 242
in Bonaventure260, 262–63
in Dionysius264
in Judaism706
in Julian of Norwich294–95

mysticism
of Boehme405–6, 407, 410–13
of Bonaventure242, 260, 262–63
Dionysian247–48, 262–63
Eastern Orthodox suspicion of439, 442–43, 522–23
Jewish50, 705
Islamic137–38, 708
Medieval404–5, 407
and pantheism6, 442–43

Name-Glorifiers controversy440–41, 450–51, 463

Nasr, Seyyed Hossein709–10

nativity165, 259, 338, 344

Nativity Sermons
of Augustine157
of Lancelot Andrewes354

natural environment651, 655–56, 657, 663

Nellas, Panayiotis6–7, 462–63, 526–27, 611, 652

Neoplatonism133–34, 147, 254–55, 263–64, 409, 412, 415–16, 417, 597, 600, 714–15, 723–24

Nestorian Controversy175–76, 184–86

Newman, John Henry2, 350, 421, 422, 423–24, 504

Nicholas of Cusa319, 553, 699–711

Nietzsche, Friedrich494–95, 668–62, 671–72

Nineteenth Letter (Hadewijch)285

Nirvāna714, 718, 719–20, 721–23, 725–26

Nostra Aetate698, 699

Nouvelle théologie movement609

Odes of Solomon3, 138–39, 151

Oecolampadius, Johannes319–20

Olympus14, 15–16

On the Perfection of Monks (Peter Damian)218

Orthodox Dogmatic Theology (Makarii Bulgakov)395, 437, 447–48

Oxford Movement420–25, 429

Palamas, St. Gregory See also hesychasm
on asceticism274–75, 655–56
on the body271, 272–73, 274, 655–56, 724
controversy surrounding See Palamite controversy
on essence and energies See essence and energies distinction
in Fr. Nikolaos Loudovikos532–33
on hypostasis272, 275–76, 571–73
in John Meyendorff461–63
on knowledge, on the limits of272
relationship with tradition269
on the sacraments274, 630
on saints275–78
on the transfiguration272–73, 277

Palamite (or Hesychast) controversy192, 231–32, 268–69, 270–71, 275–78, 279–80, 398–99

pantheism6, 134, 255–56, 437, 442–43, 453–54, 461, 556–57, 704–5

Papalexandropoulos, Stylianos536–39

Papanikolaou, Aristotle539–40

Patronos, Georgios533–36

Paul the Persian148

Pentecostal Christianity7, 501, 508–9, 683, 690 See also Charismatic Christianity

Periphyseon (John Scotus Eriugena)157, 209–10, 211, 212–13, 222–23

Peter Damian211, 218–20, 222–23

Philo of Alexandria54–56, 57, 147, 622–23, 626–27, 629–30, 631

Philokalia (Nicodemus the Hagiorite and Macarius of Corinth)
and hesychast monastic renewal396–97
in modern Orthodoxy394
origins of389–92
translation of See Dobrotoliubie

Philosophia112–13

Philoxenos of Mabbug140–45

Pia Desideria (Jakob Spener)374–76

Pierre de Bérulle337–41
on adoration338–40
on baptism339–40
founding of French Oratory339–40, 341
on the Incarnation337–38
on the liturgical life of the Church339–40

Pietism373–75, 376, 439
and Heart religion360, 373, 374–76, 377, 378–79, 380–81
and the Inner man374–76
and new birth375–76

Platonism5, 444, 451–52, 680, 714–15 See also Neoplatonism
Cambridge46–47, 350, 351, 354, 355–57, 360, 364–65, 366–67, 368, 414–15
Christian5, 113, 171–72, 445
middle552, 622–23, 627, 629–30

Popov, Ivan2, 395, 435–36, 443–46
and Christian Platonism445
in Sergei Epifanovich446–47
study of Athanasius443–45

Porete, Marguerite6, 282, 284, 289–93
annihilating union290–91, 292–93
mystical heresy289–90
spiritual death290–91

prelapsarian man46–54, 96, 109–10, 113, 493, 526–27, 615–16

priests29–30, 35, 63, 451–52, 674
all Christians as614–16
Christ as87–88, 245, 259–60, 685
Greek15, 24
in Judaism36, 48, 49, 51
as mediators232–33, 415–16
scandals160

Proslogion (Anselm of Canterbury)210, 221

Psalm 81(82) (“I said, you are gods”)98–103, 104–5, 138–39, 179, 226
according to Irenaeus96–98
according to Justin Martyr96

purgatory666–67, 672, 677

Puritans351, 367–68

purity ritual19–20

Pusey, Edward422–24, 504, 505

Pythagoras18–20

Qumran sect of Judaism48–50

Qur’an699–702, 703–4, 708–9

Rackley, Bobby506–8

Rahner, Karl28, 609, 612, 661–62

Rāmanuja718–19, 721–22, 723–24

Rashi (Shlomo Yitzchaki)705

Ratzinger, Joseph636–37, 645, 667–68, 674, 677–78
eschatology of678–80
on “Political Moralism,”672–73
on Predestination677

Ressourcement theology381, 480, 491–96

rest130, 170–71, 198–99, 213, 218–19, 222–23, 337, 583–84

Revelations (Julian of Norwich)294–95

revival
of Hesychasm438
monastic137–38, 233–34, 386–87, 389–90, 392–93, 524
of mysticism538, 706
“patristic,”523

Riccoldo da Montecroce707

Richard Rolle283–84, 293–94

Romanides, Fr. John S.523, 527–29, 530–31

Rufinus100–1, 103–4

Russia438–40, 454–55
Communism in454–55, 675
German Idealism in602
and Marxist Eschatology668–69

Rybarczyk, Edmund508–9

Sāhdōnā (Martyrios)149

Saints
bodies of129, 209
community of68, 689–90
and divine light129–30, 176, 234, 241, 258–59, 273–74, 277, 280, 610
equality with God600–1
and Karl Barth475–76
Palamas on the deification of275–78
surrender to God201–2
veneration of440–41, 445, 447–48
Zizioulas on the Eucharist as essential to529–30

Satan See devil

Scheeben, Matthias Joseph1–2, 186, 420, 425–29, 431, 437, 614
on Creator-creature distinction425–27
on knowledge426
on liturgy and the sacraments427–28, 674
on Prayer547–646
and ressourcement theology481–82
on “supernature,”425
and the Trinity570, 572–73

Schelling, F. W. J.403, 415–16, 442–43, 453–54
Boehme’s influence on409–10, 412–13
and universal deification657–58

Schleiermacher, Friedrich602

Schmemann, Alexander642, 643–44, 675

School of Nisibis, The143, 148–49

School of the Persians, The142–43

Schweitzer, Albert667–68

Science and deification264–65, 415, 430–31, 484, 527–28, 656–57

scripture, primacy of183–84, 360–61, 402

Shenouda III of Alexandria187–88

sin, original53–54, 221, 526–27, 534, 669–72

Smaragdus of Saint-Mihiel215–18

Smith, John (1618–1652)350, 355

Solovyov, Vladimir1–2, 435–36, 442–43, 448, 452, 453, 455–56, 463, 602–3

Song of Songs88, 241–42, 243, 250–51, 342, 646

sonship, divine66–67, 83–85, 98, 99, 104–5, 127, 138, 164, 171–72, 258–59, 263–64, 306–7, 312–13, 327, 341, 344, 351–55, 356–57, 398, 420, 426–27, 429, 454, 484, 486–87, 488–89, 531–32, 563–64, 584, 586–87, 608, 631, 700–2 See also adoption, divine

Sophia (divine wisdom)442, 448, 615, 656–58, 709–10
in Boehme403–7, 408
as both “divine” and “creaturely,”453–54, 474
gender of56

Spener, Jakob374–77, 407, 414–15

Spiritual Tabernacle, The (John of Ruusbroec)287–88

Stăniloae, Dumitru395, 460, 571–73, 614, 660–61, 663

suffering, human18–19, 52–53, 88, 184, 214–15, 531, 615, 719–20
with Christ62, 63, 69–70, 86–87, 88, 286, 304–5, 553, 614
and glory62, 63, 71
sanctifying295

Surnaturel (Henri de Lubac)491, 492–93

Symeon the New Theologian
on the body230–31, 655
controversy surrounding225–26, 231
and divine light229, 230, 535
and exchange formula535–78
on the “Garment of Christ,”226–27
on humility226–28
and Mount Athos225, 234, 235–36
on the role of knowledge226–28
visions of229–30, 535

synergism446–47, 456, 458, 506, 535, 536, 598, 601, 621, 627, 693–94

Tabernacle28, 36, 38, 287–88

Taylor, Jeremy (1613–1667)350, 356–57, 361, 366–67, 378

Tertullian158–59, 162–63, 164–65, 210, 456

That Christ is One (St. Cyril of Alexandria)186

Theodore of Mopsuestia140–43, 148–49, 581

Theotokos See Mary, the Virgin

Torrance, Thomas F.502–3

Theophan the Recluse (Georgii Govorov)435–36, 437–41

transcendence of God71, 88, 199–200, 248, 255–56, 413–14, 525, 527–28, 592–93, 716–17

transfiguration, of Jesus80–81, 82–83, 128–29, 272–73, 280, 284, 458, 567, 568, 655–56, 660–62

Treatise on the Love of God (St. Francis de Sales)342, 343, 345–46, 488–89

Trinitarian missions566–68, 570

Vatican II481, 675–77, 699, 708

Velichkovsky, St. Paisy387–88, 390, 392, 435–36, 437–40

Vermigli, Peter Martyr330

Verona Sacramentary161, 162

Victorines239, 245–52
Hugh of St. Victor245–47
Thomas Gallus247–51

Visitation of Holy Mary, The (religious order)336, 347–48

Weiss, Johannes667–68

Wesley, John371–73, 376–82, 383–84, 506–8
conflict with Moravian Pietism376
early Moravian encounters372–73
and Heart religion373–74, 377–78
perfection373–74, 376, 381, 382, 383–84

will, the
free will See free will
the “godly will” in Julian of Norwich296–97
unity of human and divine343, 486

William of St. Thierry242–45, 283
and Christ as Bridegroom243–44
on deification as “unity of spirit” (Unitas spiritus)243–45
influence on Hadewijch284
influence on John of Ruusbroec286–87
influence on Julian of Norwich294–96

Wisdom of God See Sophia

Yangazoglou, Stravos533, 534–35, 536

Yannaras, Christos523–24, 525, 533, 536–37, 611, 614
and deification as essentially orthodox527–29
and the essence and energies distinction528–29

Zeus14, 15–17

Zizioulas, John D.6–7, 460, 523, 529–33, 536–37, 571–72, 652–53, 654–55, 660

Zwingli, Huldrych317–19, 330, 503
and John Calvin327
patristic influences319
the Lord’s Supper319