
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Russian Nuclear Complex Russian Nuclear Complex
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Nuclear Security during the Soviet Union Years Nuclear Security during the Soviet Union Years
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Impact of the Collapse of the Soviet Union on Nuclear Security Impact of the Collapse of the Soviet Union on Nuclear Security
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International Cooperation as a Factor in the Evolution of Nuclear Security International Cooperation as a Factor in the Evolution of Nuclear Security
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Nuclear Site Upgrades Nuclear Site Upgrades
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Nuclear Security Sustainability Nuclear Security Sustainability
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Legal Basis for Nuclear Security in Russia Legal Basis for Nuclear Security in Russia
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Defining Responsibilities for Nuclear Security Defining Responsibilities for Nuclear Security
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Regulatory Bodies Regulatory Bodies
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Managing Agencies Managing Agencies
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Nuclear Site Operators Nuclear Site Operators
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Protective Forces Protective Forces
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Other Government Agencies Other Government Agencies
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Personnel Education and Training in Nuclear Security Personnel Education and Training in Nuclear Security
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Funding for Nuclear Security in Russia Funding for Nuclear Security in Russia
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Evaluation, Feedback, and Continuous Improvement Evaluation, Feedback, and Continuous Improvement
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From the Collapse of Cooperation to the Present From the Collapse of Cooperation to the Present
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Notes Notes
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Suggested Reading Suggested Reading
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25 The Evolution of Nuclear Security in Russia
Get accessDmitry Kovchegin is an independent researcher and consultant, studying and supporting implementation of international nuclear security cooperation.
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Published:20 June 2023
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Abstract
Russia inherited most of the Soviet nuclear complex and accompanying nuclear security practices following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. While these were arguably adequate to the risks of the time, the collapse of the Soviet Union led to a totally different threat environment. The old security system was no longer capable of addressing these emerging threats, thus requiring a new system to be developed from scratch. This challenge was exacerbated by the poor economic situation and Russia’s inability to devote resources necessary for the development of a new nuclear security system. International nuclear security assistance was critical during this transition period, both as a source of funding to pay for the development of the new system and as a source of expertise to develop an effective system. The chapter provides an overview of the evolution of nuclear security in Russia over the past 30 years, juxtaposing the following key themes: security threats and the social and political environment affecting nuclear security in Russia; the institutional structure of nuclear security in Russia; nuclear security policies and the introduction of best practices; sustainability of nuclear security in Russia; and current nuclear security challenges.
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