
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Chapter Overview Chapter Overview
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Conceptual Approaches to Understanding the Proactive Management of Threats to Health and Well-Being Conceptual Approaches to Understanding the Proactive Management of Threats to Health and Well-Being
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Defining proactivity Defining proactivity
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Proactive coping as prevention- focused versus promotion-focused coping Proactive coping as prevention- focused versus promotion-focused coping
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Expanding the study of proactivity beyond the achievement setting Expanding the study of proactivity beyond the achievement setting
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The Aspinwall and Taylor (1997) proactive coping model The Aspinwall and Taylor (1997) proactive coping model
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Potential advantages and disadvantages of proactive coping Potential advantages and disadvantages of proactive coping
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Evidence of Proactive Coping in Different Domains Evidence of Proactive Coping in Different Domains
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Proactive coping with stigma and discrimination Proactive coping with stigma and discrimination
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Proactive coping with threats to health Proactive coping with threats to health
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Proactivity and the prevention and early detection of serious familial disease Proactivity and the prevention and early detection of serious familial disease
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Predictive genetic testing and the proactive management of familial cancer risk Predictive genetic testing and the proactive management of familial cancer risk
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Proactivity and the management of chronic illness Proactivity and the management of chronic illness
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Interventions to promote proactive self-management of chronic illness Interventions to promote proactive self-management of chronic illness
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Proactive approaches to health-promotion interventions Proactive approaches to health-promotion interventions
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Proactive coping and medical decision-making Proactive coping and medical decision-making
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Proactivity in aging Proactivity in aging
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Conceptual approaches to proactivity in aging Conceptual approaches to proactivity in aging
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Evidence regarding future-oriented thinking and outcomes in aging Evidence regarding future-oriented thinking and outcomes in aging
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Key conceptual questions for the study of proactivity in aging Key conceptual questions for the study of proactivity in aging
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Understanding specific age-related stressors that may be proactively managed Understanding specific age-related stressors that may be proactively managed
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Understanding how future-oriented thinking and planning are related to proactive coping with age-related stressors Understanding how future-oriented thinking and planning are related to proactive coping with age-related stressors
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Who is Proactive? Individual Differences in Proactivity Who is Proactive? Individual Differences in Proactivity
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Individual differences in proactive coping style and preference for planning Individual differences in proactive coping style and preference for planning
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Individual differences in future orientation and time perspective Individual differences in future orientation and time perspective
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Other individual differences that may influence the component activities and goals of proactive coping Other individual differences that may influence the component activities and goals of proactive coping
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Socioeconomic resources, demographics, and proactivity Socioeconomic resources, demographics, and proactivity
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Socioeconomic status Socioeconomic status
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Health status and exposure to concurrent stressors Health status and exposure to concurrent stressors
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Who can become proactive? Predictors of interest in and benefit from interventions to promote proactivity Who can become proactive? Predictors of interest in and benefit from interventions to promote proactivity
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Relevant Theoretical Issues Relevant Theoretical Issues
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Understanding the forward-looking nature of proactivity Understanding the forward-looking nature of proactivity
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Construal level theory Construal level theory
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Implementation intentions Implementation intentions
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Mental simulation and mental contrasting Mental simulation and mental contrasting
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Understanding the transactional nature of proactive coping Understanding the transactional nature of proactive coping
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Understanding of the role of affect in proactive coping Understanding of the role of affect in proactive coping
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Future Directions Future Directions
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Extending the study of proactive coping with interpersonal stressors to close relationships Extending the study of proactive coping with interpersonal stressors to close relationships
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Understanding the social-developmental antecedents of proactive coping Understanding the social-developmental antecedents of proactive coping
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Understanding dyadic and collective forms of proactivity Understanding dyadic and collective forms of proactivity
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Author Note Author Note
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References References
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17 Future-Oriented Thinking, Proactive Coping, and the Management of Potential Threats to Health and Well-Being
Get accessLisa G. Aspinwall, Department of Psychology, University of Utah.
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Published:18 September 2012
Cite
Abstract
Proactive coping is the process of anticipating potential stressors and acting in advance either to prevent them or to mute their impact (Aspinwall & Taylor, 1997). This chapter reviews diverse approaches to defining and studying proactivity and highlights applications of the proactive coping concept to the domains of aging, stigma and discrimination, organizational behavior, and health, including genetic testing, health promotion, medical decision-making, and the management of chronic illness. Recent process-oriented interventions demonstrate that proactive approaches to managing health and aging can be taught, with sustained gains in both proactive competence and health outcomes. Continued integration of efforts to understand and improve proactive coping with insights into the social-cognitive processes underlying future-oriented thinking more generally will serve to further inform our understanding of the personal and social resources, individual differences, and component processes that underlie successful proactivity, as will increased attention to the affective and transactional qualities of proactive coping.
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