
Contents
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Definitions of Resilience Definitions of Resilience
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Origins of Resilience Thinking: “Ordinary Magic” Origins of Resilience Thinking: “Ordinary Magic”
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Classes of Resilience-Related Variables Classes of Resilience-Related Variables
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Dimensions of Resilience Processes: A Two-Factor Model Dimensions of Resilience Processes: A Two-Factor Model
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Application to Affect Models of Resilience Application to Affect Models of Resilience
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Levels of analysis: The Broad Range of Applicability of the Resilience Construct Levels of analysis: The Broad Range of Applicability of the Resilience Construct
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Psychobiological resilience Psychobiological resilience
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Developmental Processes Developmental Processes
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Organizational Resilience Organizational Resilience
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Neighborhood and Community Resilience Neighborhood and Community Resilience
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Methods of Inquiry Appropriate for Studying Resilience Methods of Inquiry Appropriate for Studying Resilience
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Longitudinal design Longitudinal design
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Multilevel analysis Multilevel analysis
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Interventions to Enhance Resilience Interventions to Enhance Resilience
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Epilogue Epilogue
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References References
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9 Resilience: The Meanings, Methods, and Measures of a Fundamental Characteristic of Human Adaptation
Get accessAlex J. Zautra, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University.
John W. Reich, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University.
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Published:18 September 2012
Cite
Abstract
Moving from a disease model of stress and coping to the more integrative model of positive influences represents a fundamental shift in our understanding of how people adapt to and grow in their environment. This new paradigm has raised stress and coping approaches into a framework that models the extent to which personal strengths and other psychosocial resources contribute to the prediction of resilience, independent of the catalog of risks and vulnerabilities identified within the person and his or her social network. We describe this resilience paradigm and review current evidence for its utility in this chapter. In doing so, we point out how the work of Susan Folkman presaged the current attention to models of resilience by calling attention to the importance of coping and positive adaptations to stressful life experience. Three features predominate in scientific discourse on resilience: recovery, sustainability, and growth. These features are inherent to virtually any type of organized entity, from a simple biological system to a person, an organization, a neighborhood, a community, a city, a state, or even a nation. We illustrate further how variables such as “trust,” thought to be central to resilience, are best understood as multi-level constructs, with meanings, measures, and potential interventions at the biological, psychosocial, organizational, and community level. In conclusion, we see this paradigm shift to resilience to be a valuable direction for future research, a highly appealing framework for the design of clinical and community interventions, and a refreshing new perspective that offers exciting new directions for public health and public policy.
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