
Contents
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Swimming Behaviors and Phylogeny Swimming Behaviors and Phylogeny
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Dorsal Ventral Flexion Swimmers: Tritonia diomedea Dorsal Ventral Flexion Swimmers: Tritonia diomedea
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The Swimming Behavior The Swimming Behavior
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Basic Central Pattern Generator Circuitry Basic Central Pattern Generator Circuitry
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Sequence of Events Sequence of Events
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Intrinsic Neuromodulation Intrinsic Neuromodulation
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Individual Variability Individual Variability
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Dorsal Ventral Flexion Swimmers: Pleurobranchaea californica Dorsal Ventral Flexion Swimmers: Pleurobranchaea californica
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Basic CPG Circuit Basic CPG Circuit
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Intrinsic Neuromodulation Intrinsic Neuromodulation
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Multifunctionality of CPG Interneurons Multifunctionality of CPG Interneurons
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Left-Right Flexion Swimmers: Melibe leonina Left-Right Flexion Swimmers: Melibe leonina
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Behavior Behavior
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Basic CPG Circuit Basic CPG Circuit
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Left-Right Flexion Swimmers: Dendronotus iris Left-Right Flexion Swimmers: Dendronotus iris
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Behavior Behavior
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Basic CPG Circuit Basic CPG Circuit
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Different Functions for Homologous Neurons in Species With Different Behaviors Different Functions for Homologous Neurons in Species With Different Behaviors
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Summary Summary
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References References
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18 Neural Control of Swimming in Nudipleura Molluscs
Get accessPaul S. Katz, University of Massachusetts Amherst
Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University
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Published:06 February 2017
Cite
Abstract
This article compares the neural basis for swimming in sea slugs belonging to the Nudipleura clade of molluscs. There are two primary forms of swimming. One, dorsal/ventral (DV) body flexions, is typified by Tritonia diomedea and Pleurobranchaea californica. Although Tritonia and Pleurobranchaea evolved DV swimming independently, there are at least two homologous neurons in the central pattern generators (CPGs) underlying DV swimming in these species. Furthermore, both species have serotonergic neuromodulation of synaptic strength intrinsic to their CPGs. The other form of swimming is with alternating left/right (LR) body flexions. Melibe and Dendronotus belong to a clade of species that all swim with LR body flexions. Although the swimming behavior is homologous, their swim CPGs differ in both cellular composition and in the details of the neural mechanisms. Thus, similar behaviors have independently evolved through parallel use of homologous neurons, and homologous behaviors can be produced by different neural mechanisms.
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