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6 Society, Mass Warfare, and Gender in Europe during and after the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
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Recruiting Men Recruiting Men
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The Rhetoric of Masculinity The Rhetoric of Masculinity
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The Gendered Politics of Citizenship The Gendered Politics of Citizenship
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Notes Notes
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Select Bibliography Select Bibliography
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23 Gender, Peace, and the New Politics of Humanitarianism in the First Half of the Twentieth Century
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8 Citizenship, Mass Mobilization, and Masculinity in a Transatlantic Perspective, 1770s–1870s
Get accessStefan Dudink teaches gender studies at Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands. His main field of research is the history of gender and sexuality in modern Western political and military cultures, with a focus on the Netherlands. His publications include a monograph on Dutch, late nineteenth-century liberalism, Deugdzaam Liberalisme: Sociaal-Liberalisme in Nederland, 1870–1901 (1997); and the volumes Masculinities in Politics and War: Gendering Modern History, edited with Karen Hagemann and John Tosh (2004); Representing Masculinity: Male Citizenship in Modern Western Culture, edited with Karen Hagemann and Anna Clark (2007); and “Low Countries Histories of Masculinity,” a special issue of BMGN—Low Countries Historical Review 127, no. 1 (2012).
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Published:10 November 2020
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Abstract
The chapter explores the interrelationship between the emergence of new ways of mass mobilization with volunteers, militias, and universal conscription; the rise of notions of gender as a universal, natural binary opposition; and the rise of men as universal male political subjects in the periods of the wars of revolution and wars of nation-building and nation-keeping from the 1770s to the 1870s. One important theme is the nexus between male military duties and citizenship rights. This nexus was introduced in the French Revolution and later used and transformed in several other contexts. Where it was rejected, it nevertheless made its presence felt in what became a conscious refusal of the French model of the modern citizen-soldier. Always controversial and never fully implemented, even in contexts where it was supposedly fully endorsed, the model of universal conscription loomed large in the background of all nineteenth-century debates over military reform and political citizenship.
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