
Contents
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AI as Worker Displacement: Rhetoric and Reality AI as Worker Displacement: Rhetoric and Reality
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What Kinds of Tasks Can AI Execute? What Kinds of Tasks Can AI Execute?
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The More Complicated Reality The More Complicated Reality
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AI as Risk Reallocator AI as Risk Reallocator
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Staffing and Scheduling Staffing and Scheduling
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Defining Compensable Work Defining Compensable Work
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Detecting and Predicting Loss and Fraud Detecting and Predicting Loss and Fraud
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Incentivizing and Evaluating Productivity Incentivizing and Evaluating Productivity
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Displacement, Risk-Shifting, and Policy Displacement, Risk-Shifting, and Policy
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Acknowledgments Acknowledgments
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Notes Notes
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Bibliography Bibliography
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26 Fairness Criteria through the Lens of Directed Acyclic Graphs: A Statistical Modeling Perspective
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14 The Future of Work in the Age of AI: Displacement or Risk-Shifting?
Get accessPegah Moradi, Department of Information Science, Cornell University
Karen Levy, Department of Information Science, Cornell University
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Published:09 July 2020
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Abstract
This chapter examines the effects of artificial intelligence (AI) on work and workers. As AI-driven technologies are increasingly integrated into workplaces and labor processes, many have expressed worry about the widespread displacement of human workers. The chapter presents a more nuanced view of the common rhetoric that robots will take over people’s jobs. We contend that economic forecasts of massive AI-induced job loss are of limited practical utility, as they tend to focus solely on technical aspects of task execution, while neglecting broader contextual inquiry about the social components of work, organizational structures, and cross-industry effects. The chapter then considers how AI might impact workers through modes other than displacement. We highlight four mechanisms through which firms are beginning to use AI-driven tools to reallocate risks from themselves to workers: algorithmic scheduling, task redefinition, loss and fraud prediction, and incentivization of productivity. We then explore potential policy responses to both displacement and risk-shifting concerns.
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