
Contents
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1. Introduction 1. Introduction
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2. Constraint-based phonology 2. Constraint-based phonology
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2.1 Motivating Constraints 2.1 Motivating Constraints
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2.2 Constraints in Optimality Theory 2.2 Constraints in Optimality Theory
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2.3 Challenging the status quo 2.3 Challenging the status quo
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3. Transfer as constraint transfer 3. Transfer as constraint transfer
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3.1 Case Study: Vernacular Liberian English 3.1 Case Study: Vernacular Liberian English
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3.2 Interim Summary 3.2 Interim Summary
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4. Emergent structures 4. Emergent structures
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4.1 Emerging Syllable Structure 4.1 Emerging Syllable Structure
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4.2 Beyond Syllables 4.2 Beyond Syllables
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4.3 Interim Summary 4.3 Interim Summary
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5. Conclusions and outlook 5. Conclusions and outlook
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Notes Notes
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References References
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4 World Englishes and Phonological Theory
Get accessChristian Uffmann’s main research interest is in phonological theory, with a special interest in how it interfaces with sociolinguistic issues, especially language contact. He has published a number of articles on loanword adaptation and creole phonology, and also Vowel Epenthesis in Loanword Adaptation (2007, Niemeyer). Within phonological theory, he is particularly interested in phonological representations and their role in a constraint-based model of phonology. He is currently writing a monograph on distinctive feature theory for CUP.
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Published:09 July 2015
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Abstract
The relationship between phonological theory and World Englishes is generally characterized by a mutual lack of interest. This chapter argues for a greater engagement of both fields with each other, looking at constraint-based theories of phonology, especially Optimality Theory (OT), as a case in point. Contact varieties of English provide strong evidence for synchronically active constraints, as it is substrate or L1 constraints that are regularly transferred to the contact variety, not rules. Additionally, contact varieties that have properties that are in some way ‘in between’ the substrate and superstrate systems provide evidence for constraint hierarchies or implicational relationships between constraints, illustrated here primarily with examples from syllable structure. Conversely, for a scholar working on the description of World Englishes, OT can offer an explanation of where the patterns found in a contact variety come from, namely from the transfer of substrate constraint rankings (and subsequent gradual constraint demotion).
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