
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Peripheral Neuropathies Associated with Viral Infection Peripheral Neuropathies Associated with Viral Infection
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Peripheral Neuropathies Associated with HIV Infection Peripheral Neuropathies Associated with HIV Infection
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HIV-Associated Distal Sensory Polyneuropathy HIV-Associated Distal Sensory Polyneuropathy
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Other Forms of Peripheral Neuropathy Associated with HIV Infection Other Forms of Peripheral Neuropathy Associated with HIV Infection
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Medication-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Medication-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
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Hepatitis C Hepatitis C
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Viral Infections Involving the Motor Neuron Viral Infections Involving the Motor Neuron
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Polio Polio
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West Nile Virus West Nile Virus
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Other Viruses Other Viruses
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Cytomegalovirus Cytomegalovirus
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Varicella Zoster Virus Varicella Zoster Virus
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Rabies Rabies
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Other Viral Infections that Cause Peripheral Neuropathy Other Viral Infections that Cause Peripheral Neuropathy
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Peripheral Neuropathies Associated with Bacterial Infection Peripheral Neuropathies Associated with Bacterial Infection
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Leprosy Leprosy
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Diphtheria Diphtheria
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Lyme Disease Lyme Disease
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Peripheral Neuropathies Associated with Other Forms of Infection Peripheral Neuropathies Associated with Other Forms of Infection
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Neuropathies Associated with Medications Neuropathies Associated with Medications
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Neuropathies Associated with the Treatment of Infection Neuropathies Associated with the Treatment of Infection
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Dapsone Dapsone
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Isoniazid Isoniazid
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Other Antimicrobial Agents Other Antimicrobial Agents
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Medications Used in the Treatment of Cardiac Disease Medications Used in the Treatment of Cardiac Disease
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Amiodarone Amiodarone
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Hydralazine Hydralazine
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Statins Statins
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Procainamide Procainamide
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Medications Used in the Treatment of Autoimmune or Inflammatory Diseases Medications Used in the Treatment of Autoimmune or Inflammatory Diseases
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Colchicine Colchicine
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Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine
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Gold Gold
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Leflunomide Leflunomide
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Tacrolimus Tacrolimus
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TNF-α Inhibitors TNF-α Inhibitors
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Neuropathy Associated with Treatment for Cancer Neuropathy Associated with Treatment for Cancer
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Vinca Alkaloids Vinca Alkaloids
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Platinum-Containing Compounds Platinum-Containing Compounds
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Taxanes Taxanes
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Thalidomide Thalidomide
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Proteasome Inhibitors Proteasome Inhibitors
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Epothilones Epothilones
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Other Chemotherapeutic Agents Other Chemotherapeutic Agents
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Radiation-Induced Neuropathy Radiation-Induced Neuropathy
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Neuropathies Associated with Environmental or Occupational Exposure Neuropathies Associated with Environmental or Occupational Exposure
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Heavy Metal and Metalloid Toxicity Heavy Metal and Metalloid Toxicity
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Lead Lead
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Mercury Mercury
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Arsenic Arsenic
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Thallium Thallium
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Organophosphates Organophosphates
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Hexacarbons Hexacarbons
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Acrylamide Acrylamide
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Nitrous Oxide Nitrous Oxide
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Foodborne and Nutritional Neuropathies Foodborne and Nutritional Neuropathies
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Alcohol-Induced Neuropathy Alcohol-Induced Neuropathy
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Disulfiram Disulfiram
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Seafood Toxins Seafood Toxins
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Ciguatera Ciguatera
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Saxitoxin and Brevetoxin Saxitoxin and Brevetoxin
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Tetrodotoxin Tetrodotoxin
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Pyridoxine Pyridoxine
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References References
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113 Neuropathies Associated with Infection or Toxic Exposure
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Published:August 2016
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Abstract
Among the many causes of peripheral neuropathy are those mediated by environmental exposure to infectious and toxic agents. The most common neuropathy associated with HIV is HIV-associated distal sensory polyneuropathy (HIV-DSP). The clinical presentation of HIV-DSP is one of a distal, symmetric, often painful, small-fiber sensory axonal polyneuropathy. Other infectious causes of neuropathy include hepatitis C, leprosy, Lyme disease, rabies, and diphtheria, and antibiotic drugs such as isoniazid can also cause neuropathy. Heavy metals and a variety of other toxins including chemotherapeutic agents such as platinum, vincristine, and thalidomide disrupt peripheral nerve function. High doses of pyridoxine can cause damage to the dorsal root ganglia and foodbourne toxins such as saxitoxins found in shellfish.
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