
Contents
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Intracranial pressure monitoring Intracranial pressure monitoring
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Introduction Introduction
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Indications for ICP monitoring Indications for ICP monitoring
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Methods of measuring ICP Methods of measuring ICP
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Intraparenchymal monitors Intraparenchymal monitors
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Intraventricular catheters Intraventricular catheters
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Complications of ICP monitoring Complications of ICP monitoring
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ICP in normal and pathological conditions ICP in normal and pathological conditions
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Intracranial perfusion Intracranial perfusion
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Introduction Introduction
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Regulation of cerebral perfusion Regulation of cerebral perfusion
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Autoregulation (myogenic regulation) Autoregulation (myogenic regulation)
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Flow–metabolism coupling Flow–metabolism coupling
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Systemic factors Systemic factors
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Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide
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Oxygen Oxygen
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Temperature Temperature
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Anaesthetic agents Anaesthetic agents
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Measurement of CBF Measurement of CBF
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Transcranial Doppler sonography Transcranial Doppler sonography
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Jugular venous bulb oximetry Jugular venous bulb oximetry
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Radiological techniques Radiological techniques
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EEG and cerebral function analysing monitoring EEG and cerebral function analysing monitoring
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EEG EEG
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Cerebral function monitors/cerebral function analysing monitors Cerebral function monitors/cerebral function analysing monitors
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EEG terminology EEG terminology
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Clinical use in the intensive care unit Clinical use in the intensive care unit
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Seizures and pseudoseizures Seizures and pseudoseizures
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Diagnosis of specific neurological conditions Diagnosis of specific neurological conditions
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Raised ICP Raised ICP
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Prognosis Prognosis
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Bispectral index monitoring Bispectral index monitoring
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Other forms of neurological monitoring Other forms of neurological monitoring
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Tissue metabolism Tissue metabolism
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Brain tissue oxygenation Brain tissue oxygenation
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Microdialysis Microdialysis
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CBF and metabolism CBF and metabolism
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Near-infrared spectroscopy Near-infrared spectroscopy
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Laser Doppler flowmetry Laser Doppler flowmetry
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Thermal diffusion flowmetry Thermal diffusion flowmetry
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Peripheral nerve and muscle electrophysiology Peripheral nerve and muscle electrophysiology
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Sensory evoked potentials Sensory evoked potentials
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Nerve conduction studies Nerve conduction studies
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Electromyography Electromyography
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Multiple choice questions and further reading Multiple choice questions and further reading
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Cite
Abstract
Dealing with neurological critically ill patients is one of the most challenging situations in intensive care. The range of conditions can go from carbon dioxide narcosis to status epilepticus or hypoxic or traumatic brain injuries. The key difficulty is the neurological assessment of these patients while they require general anaesthesia. This chapter discusses neurological monitoring and includes discussion on intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring (including indications for ICP monitoring, methods of measuring ICP, complications of ICP monitoring, and ICP in normal and pathological conditions), intracranial perfusion (regulation of cerebral perfusion and measurement of cerebral blood flow), electroencephalogram (EEG) and cerebral function analysing monitoring (CFAM) (EEG, cerebral function monitors (CFM)/CFAM, EEG terminology, and clinical use in the intensive care unit), and other forms of neurological monitoring (tissue metabolism, cerebral blood flow and metabolism, and peripheral nerve and muscle electrophysiology).
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